1
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Liu Y, Yan M, Wang M, Luo S, Wang S, Luo Y, Xu Z, Ma W, Wen L, Li T. Stereoconvergent and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Tumor-Associated Glycolipid Disialosyl Globopentaosylceramide for Probing the Binding Affinity of Siglec-7. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:417-425. [PMID: 38435515 PMCID: PMC10906248 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5) is a tumor-associated complex glycosphingolipid. However, the accessibility of structurally well-defined DSGb5 for precise biological functional studies remains challenging. Herein, we describe the first total synthesis of DSGb5 glycolipid by an efficient chemoenzymatic approach. A Gb5 pentasaccharide-sphingosine was chemically synthesized by a convergent and stereocontrolled [2 + 3] method using an oxazoline disaccharide donor to exclusively form β-anomeric linkage. After investigating the substrate specificity of different sialyltransferases, regio- and stereoselective installment of two sialic acids was achieved by two sequential enzyme-catalyzed reactions using α2,3-sialyltransferase Cst-I and α2,6-sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc5. A unique aspect of the approach is that methyl-β-cyclodextrin-assisted enzymatic α2,6-sialylation of glycolipid substrate enables installment of the challenging internal α2,6-linked sialoside to synthesize DSGb5 glycosphingolipid. Surface plasmon resonance studies indicate that DSGb5 glycolipid exhibits better binding affinity for Siglec-7 than the oligosaccharide moiety of DSGb5. The binding results suggest that the ceramide moiety of DSGb5 facilitates its binding by presenting multivalent interactions of glycan epitope for the recognition of Siglec-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University
of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengkun Yan
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiwei Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University
of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University
of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yawen Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuojia Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liuqing Wen
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University
of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tiehai Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School
of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University
of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Tseng HK, Su YY, Lai PJ, Lo SL, Liu HC, Reddy SR, Chen L, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of GAA-7 Glycan Analogues and Evaluation of Their Neuritogenic Activities. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:656-670. [PMID: 38206798 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside GAA-7 exhibits higher neurite outgrowth than ganglioside GM1a and most echinodermatous gangliosides (EGs) when tested on neuron-like rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). The unique structure of GAA-7 glycan, containing an uncommon sialic acid (8-O-methyl-N-glycolylneuraminic acid) and sialic acid-α-2,3-GalNAc linkage, makes it challenging to synthesize. We recently developed a streamlined method to chemoenzymatically synthesize GAA-7 glycan and employed this modular strategy to efficiently prepare a library of GAA-7 glycan analogues incorporating N-modified or 8-methoxyl sialic acids. Most of these synthetic glycans exhibited moderate efficacy in promoting neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Among them, the analogue containing common sialic acid shows greater potential than the GAA-7 glycan itself. This result reveals that methoxy modification is not essential for neurite outgrowth. Consequently, the readily available analogue presents a promising model for further biological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kai Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Lun Lo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chein Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Linyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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3
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Chiang YC, Wu CY, Chiang PY, Adak AK, Lin CC. A concise chemoenzymatic total synthesis of neutral Globo-series glycosphingolipids Globo A and Globo B, and Forssman and para-Forssman antigens. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:551-563. [PMID: 37606864 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Globo A is a neutral Globo-series glycosphingolipid (GSL) that shows natural properties of a cytotoxicity receptor NKp44 binding ligand. The highly complex heptasaccharide glycan structure of Globo A combined with its biological profile provides a unique target for the development of a synthetic method to facilitate its bioactivity studies. Here, a concise chemoenzymatic route to the synthesis of Globo A and its α1,3-galactose-linked congener Globo B is reported. The key to success was the use of a synthetic azido β-Globo H sphingosine (Globo H-βSph) as an acceptor substrate and two glycosyl transferases, an α1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from Helicobacter mustelae (BgtA) and a human blood group B α1,3-galactosyltransferase (h1,3GTB), for stereoselective construction of the terminal α1,3-GalNAc and α1,3-Gal linkages, respectively. The azido-Sph lipid sidechain is further elaborated by reduction and a chemoselective N-acylation to complete the total synthesis of the neutral Globo-series GSLs. In addition, the synthesis of Forssman and para-Forssman antigens were prepared. The strategy may be suitable for accessing other complex GSLs and related lipid-modified GSL derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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4
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Cho YT, Adak A, Su YY, Chang TW, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of the Neuritogenic Echinoderm Ganglioside LLG‐5 and Related Analogues. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Chang LY, Liang SY, Lu SC, Tseng HC, Tsai HY, Tang CJ, Sugata M, Chen YJ, Chen YJ, Wu SJ, Lin KI, Khoo KH, Angata T. Molecular Basis and Role of Siglec-7 Ligand Expression on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840388. [PMID: 35711441 PMCID: PMC9195294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglec-7 (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7) is an immune checkpoint-like glycan recognition protein on natural killer (NK) cells. Cancer cells often upregulate Siglec ligands to subvert immunosurveillance, but the molecular basis of Siglec ligands has been elusive. In this study, we investigated Siglec-7 ligands on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells. CLL B cells express higher levels of Siglec-7 ligands compared with healthy donor B cells, and enzymatic removal of sialic acids or sialomucins makes them more sensitive to NK cell cytotoxicity. Gene knockout experiments have revealed that the sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc-IV is responsible for the biosynthesis of disialyl-T (Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3[Neu5Acα2-6]GalNAcα1-), which is the glycotope recognized by Siglec-7, and that CD162 and CD45 are the major carriers of this glycotope on CLL B cells. Analysis of public transcriptomic datasets indicated that the low expression of GCNT1 (encoding core 2 GlcNAc transferase, an enzyme that competes against ST6GalNAc-IV) and high expression of ST6GALNAC4 (encoding ST6GalNAc-IV) in CLL B cells, together enhancing the expression of the disialyl-T glycotope, are associated with poor patient prognosis. Taken together, our results determined the molecular basis of Siglec-7 ligand overexpression that protects CLL B cells from NK cell cytotoxicity and identified disialyl-T as a potential prognostic marker of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Yi Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Yuen Liang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chia Lu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan Chuan Tseng
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yang Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ju Tang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Marcelia Sugata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Chiang PY, Adak AK, Liang WL, Tsai CY, Tseng HK, Cheng JY, Hwu JR, Yu AL, Hung JT, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Globo-series Glycosphingolipids and Evaluation of Their Immunosuppressive Activities. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200403. [PMID: 35616406 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) play essential roles in many important biological processes, making them attractive synthetic targets. In this paper, a viable chemoenzymatic method is described for the synthesis of globo-series GSLs, namely, Gb4, Gb5, SSEA-4, and Globo H. The strategy uses a chemically synthesized lactoside acceptor equipped with a partial ceramide structure that is uniquely extended by glycosyltransferases in a highly efficient one-pot multiple engyme (OPME) procedure. A direct and quantitative conversion of Gb4 sphingosine to Globo H sphingosine is achieved by performing two-sequential OPME glycosylations. A reduction and N -acylation protocol allows facile incorporation of various fatty acids into the lipid portions of the GSLs. The chemically well-defined lipid-modified Globo H-GSLs displayed some differences in their immunosuprressive activities, which may benefit the structural modifications of Globo h ceramides in finding new types of immunosuppressive agents. The strategy outlined in this work should be applicable to rapid access to other complex GSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yun Chiang
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Avijit K Adak
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Wei-Lun Liang
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Chen-Yen Tsai
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Hsin-Kai Tseng
- National Tsing Hua University, Departemnt of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Jing-Yan Cheng
- Chang Gung University, Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, TAIWAN
| | - Jih Ru Hwu
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of Chemistry, TAIWAN
| | - Alice L Yu
- Chang Gung University, Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, TAIWAN
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Chang Gung University, Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, TAIWAN
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- National Tsing Hua University, Department of chemistry, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, 30013, Hsinchu, TAIWAN
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7
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Sugar nucleotide regeneration system for the synthesis of Bi- and triantennary N-glycans and exploring their activities against siglecs. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Tseng HK, Su YY, Chang TW, Liu HC, Li PJ, Chiang PY, Lin CC. Acceptor-mediated regioselective enzyme catalyzed sialylation: chemoenzymatic synthesis of GAA-7 ganglioside glycan. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3468-3471. [PMID: 33688902 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00653c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we applied PmST1 (a sialyltransferase) to achieve acceptor-mediated regioselective sialylation (AMRS) on the nonreducing end GalNH2 or GalAz (2-azido-2-deoxy galactose). Thus, C5 and C8-modified sialic acid was efficiently assembled on GalNH2 (or GalAz) to achieve the synthesis of the GAA-7 (one of the echinodermatous gangliosides with higher neuritogenic activity) glycan moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kai Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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9
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Huang YT, Su YC, Wu HR, Huang HH, Lin EC, Tsai TW, Tseng HW, Fang JL, Yu CC. Sulfo-Fluorous Tagging Strategy for Site-Selective Enzymatic Glycosylation of para-Human Milk Oligosaccharides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Su
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ru Wu
- Instrumentation Center at National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Eugene C. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Wei Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wei Tseng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lin Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
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10
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Wu DY, Adak AK, Kuo YT, Shen YJ, Li PJ, Hwu JR, Lin CC. A Modular Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Disialosyl Globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5Cer) Glycan. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15920-15935. [PMID: 32567311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of the oligosaccharide moiety of disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5 Cer), a dominant ganglioside isolated from malignant renal cell carcinoma tissues, is reported. The synthetic strategy relies on a chemical α(2,6)-sialylation at the internal GalNAc unit of a Gb5 pentasaccharide backbone that furnishes a Neu5Acα(2,6)GalNAc-linked hexasaccharide, suitable for an enzymatic α(2,3)-sialylation of the terminal Gal residue to construct a heptasaccharide glycan. Convergent access to this key α(2,6)-sialylated hexasaccharide was also achieved through a [3+3] glycosylation building upon a Galβ(1,3)[Neu5Acα(2,6)]GalNAc-based trisaccharide donor and a Gb3 acceptor. The synthetic DSGb5 glycan bearing a 6-azidohexyl aglycon at the reducing end could undergo further regioselective functionalization. This approach represents a viable chemoenzymatic method for accessing complex ganglioside glycans and should be useful for the synthesis and biological investigation of DSGb5 derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung-Yeh Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jih Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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11
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Bacterial sialyltransferases and their use in biocatalytic cascades for sialo-oligosaccharide production. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Movsisyan LD, Macauley MS. Structural advances of Siglecs: insight into synthetic glycan ligands for immunomodulation. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5784-5797. [PMID: 32756649 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are transmembrane proteins of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily predominantly expressed on the cells of our immune system. Siglecs recognize sialic acid via their terminal V-set domain. In mammals, sialic acid-terminated glycolipids and glycoproteins are the ligands of Siglecs, and the monomeric affinity of Siglecs for their sialic acid-containing ligands is weak. Significant efforts have been devoted toward the development of chemically modified sialoside ligands to target Siglecs with higher affinity and selectivity. In this review we discuss natural and synthetic sialoside ligands for each human Siglec, emphasizing the ligand binding determinants uncovered from recent advances in protein structural information. Potential therapeutic applications of these ligands are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon D Movsisyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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13
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Jaroentomeechai T, Taw MN, Li M, Aquino A, Agashe N, Chung S, Jewett MC, DeLisa MP. Cell-Free Synthetic Glycobiology: Designing and Engineering Glycomolecules Outside of Living Cells. Front Chem 2020; 8:645. [PMID: 32850660 PMCID: PMC7403607 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans and glycosylated biomolecules are directly involved in almost every biological process as well as the etiology of most major diseases. Hence, glycoscience knowledge is essential to efforts aimed at addressing fundamental challenges in understanding and improving human health, protecting the environment and enhancing energy security, and developing renewable and sustainable resources that can serve as the source of next-generation materials. While much progress has been made, there remains an urgent need for new tools that can overexpress structurally uniform glycans and glycoconjugates in the quantities needed for characterization and that can be used to mechanistically dissect the enzymatic reactions and multi-enzyme assembly lines that promote their construction. To address this technology gap, cell-free synthetic glycobiology has emerged as a simplified and highly modular framework to investigate, prototype, and engineer pathways for glycan biosynthesis and biomolecule glycosylation outside the confines of living cells. From nucleotide sugars to complex glycoproteins, we summarize here recent efforts that harness the power of cell-free approaches to design, build, test, and utilize glyco-enzyme reaction networks that produce desired glycomolecules in a predictable and controllable manner. We also highlight novel cell-free methods for shedding light on poorly understood aspects of diverse glycosylation processes and engineering these processes toward desired outcomes. Taken together, cell-free synthetic glycobiology represents a promising set of tools and techniques for accelerating basic glycoscience research (e.g., deciphering the "glycan code") and its application (e.g., biomanufacturing high-value glycomolecules on demand).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thapakorn Jaroentomeechai
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - May N. Taw
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Mingji Li
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Alicia Aquino
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Ninad Agashe
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Sean Chung
- Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Michael C. Jewett
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Matthew P. DeLisa
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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14
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't Hart IME, Li T, Wolfert MA, Wang S, Moremen KW, Boons GJ. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the oligosaccharide moiety of the tumor-associated antigen disialosyl globopentaosylceramide. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7304-7308. [PMID: 31339142 PMCID: PMC6852662 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01368g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5) is often expressed by renal cell carcinomas. To investigate properties of DSGb5, we have prepared its oligosaccharide moiety by chemically synthesizing Gb5 which was enzymatically sialylated using the mammalian sialyltransferases ST3Gal1 and ST6GalNAc5. Glycan microarray binding studies indicate that Siglec-7 does not recognize DSGb5, and preferentially binds Neu5Acα(2,8)Neu5Ac containing glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M E 't Hart
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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