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Mao M, Wu Y, He Q. Recent advances in targeted drug delivery for the treatment of glioblastoma. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8689-8707. [PMID: 38606460 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the highly malignant brain tumors characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the recent advancements in the treatment of GBM, major challenges persist in achieving controlled drug delivery to tumors. The management of GBM poses considerable difficulties primarily due to unresolved issues in the blood-brain barrier (BBB)/blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB) and GBM microenvironment. These factors limit the uptake of anti-cancer drugs by the tumor, thus limiting the therapeutic options. Current breakthroughs in nanotechnology provide new prospects concerning unconventional drug delivery approaches for GBM treatment. Specifically, swimming nanorobots show great potential in active targeted delivery, owing to their autonomous propulsion and improved navigation capacities across biological barriers, which further facilitate the development of GBM-targeted strategies. This review presents an overview of technological progress in different drug administration methods for GBM. Additionally, the limitations in clinical translation and future research prospects in this field are also discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive guideline for researchers and offer perspectives on further development of new drug delivery therapies to combat GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mao
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Yingjie Wu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Qiang He
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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2
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Smart micro- and nanorobots for water purification. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:236-251. [PMID: 37064655 PMCID: PMC9901418 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Less than 1% of Earth's freshwater reserves is accessible. Industrialization, population growth and climate change are further exacerbating clean water shortage. Current water-remediation treatments fail to remove most pollutants completely or release toxic by-products into the environment. The use of self-propelled programmable micro- and nanoscale synthetic robots is a promising alternative way to improve water monitoring and remediation by overcoming diffusion-limited reactions and promoting interactions with target pollutants, including nano- and microplastics, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, oils and pathogenic microorganisms. This Review introduces the evolution of passive micro- and nanomaterials through active micro- and nanomotors and into advanced intelligent micro- and nanorobots in terms of motion ability, multifunctionality, adaptive response, swarming and mutual communication. After describing removal and degradation strategies, we present the most relevant improvements in water treatment, highlighting the design aspects necessary to improve remediation efficiency for specific contaminants. Finally, open challenges and future directions are discussed for the real-world application of smart micro- and nanorobots.
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Wang J, Kong X, Yang M, Xiong W, Li Z, Zhou H, Waterhouse GIN, Xu SM, Yan H, Song YF, Duan H, Zhao Y. Superstable Mineralization of Heavy Metals Using Low-Cost Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets: Toward Water Remediation and Soil Fertility Enhancement. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Mufei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zixian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | - Si-Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Fei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Salinas G, Bouffier L, Sojic N, Kuhn A. Wireless electrochemical light emission in ultrathin 2D nanoconfinements. Chem Sci 2022; 13:14277-14284. [PMID: 36545138 PMCID: PMC9749134 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04670a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial confinement of chemical reactions or physical effects may lead to original phenomena and new properties. Here, the generation of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in confined free-standing 2D spaces, exemplified by surfactant-based air bubbles is reported. For this, the ultrathin walls of the bubbles (typically in the range of 100-700 nm) are chosen as a host where graphene sheets, acting as bipolar ECL-emitting electrodes, are trapped and dispersed. The proposed system demonstrates that the required potential for the generation of ECL is up to three orders of magnitude smaller compared to conventional systems, due to the nanoconfinement of the potential drop. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the key advantages of a 2D environment, allowing a wireless activation of ECL at rather low potentials, compatible with (bio)analytical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Laurent Bouffier
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP33607 PessacFrance
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Walder L. Materials and systems for polymer-based Metallocene batteries: Status and challenges. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yang I, Mok JH, Jung M, Yoo J, Kim MS, Choi D, Jung JC. Polyethylene-Derived Activated Carbon Materials for Commercially Available Supercapacitor in an Organic Electrolyte System. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200006. [PMID: 35316561 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We fabricated high-performance supercapacitors based on activated carbons (AC) derived from Polyethylene (PE), which is one of the most abundant plastic materials worldwide. First, PE carbons (PEC) were prepared via sulfonation, which is reported solution for successful carbonization of innately non-carbonizable PE. Then, we explored the physico-electrical changes of PECs upon a chemical activation process. Interestingly, upon the chemical activation, PECs were converted ACs with a large surface area and high crystallinity at the same time. Subsequently, we exploited PE-derived ACs (PEAC) as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Resultant supercapacitors based on PEACs exhibited impressive performance. When compared to supercapacitors based on YP50f, a representative commercial ACs, devices using PEACs presented considerably good capacitance, low resistance, and great rate capability. Specifically, the retention rate of devices using PEACs was significantly higher than that of YP50f-based devices. At the high-rate of charge-discharge situation reaching 7 A g-1 , the capacitance of supercapacitors using PEACs was about 70% higher than that of YP50f-based devices. We assumed the carbon structure accompanying both large surface area and high conductivity endowed a great electrochemical performance at the high current operating conditions. Therefore, it is envisioned PE might be a viable candidate electrode material for commercially available supercapacitors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inchan Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Meenkyoung Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Dalsu Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Chul Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Myongji University, 116, Myongji-ro, Yongin, 17058, Republic of Korea
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Klein J, Ciobanu M, Sadaf S, Mahmood AM, Walder L. Flexible, Self-Supported Anode for Organic Batteries with a Matched Hierarchical Current Collector System for Boosted Current Density. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103885. [PMID: 34647677 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inherent flexibility of redox-active organic polymers and carbon-based fillers, combined with flexible current collectors (CCs) is ideal for the fabrication of flexible batteries. Herein, a one-step electrophoretic deposition of polyviologen (PV)/graphene-oxide (GO) aqueous composites onto a flexible mesh of 60 µm thick wires, 100 µm apart, is described. Notably, during electrodeposition, GO is transformed into conductive reduced GO (rGO), and nanoscopic pores are formed by self-assembly allowing charge/discharge of the redox sites over dozens of micrometers. Typically, electrodeposition of PV alone on a flat CC (FCC) is limited by its electrically insulating structure to ≈0.15 mAh cm-2 , but the presence of rGO allows thicker active layers without loss in (dis-)charging kinetics and reaching areal capacities of ≈2 mAh cm-2 . Remarkably, when the FCC is replaced by a mesh, the deposition of significantly more anode materials (≈5 mAh cm-2 ) is possible, while the (dis-)charging kinetics is considerably improved. It exhibits high capacity retention at an ultrafast rate of 100 C (<3%) and excellent bending stabilities. This represents the first combination of a microscopic-CC (mesh wires) with a molecular-electronic and -ionic conductor (rGO with its pores), i.e., a hierarchical-CC system with maximized polymer thickness and minimized wire thickness. The stacking of such modified grids paves the road to further increase the areal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jonas Klein
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Marius Ciobanu
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Shamaila Sadaf
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Arsalan Mado Mahmood
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lorenz Walder
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany
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Wang H, Cai L, Zhang D, Shang L, Zhao Y. Responsive Janus Structural Color Hydrogel Micromotors for Label-Free Multiplex Assays. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:9829068. [PMID: 34888526 PMCID: PMC8628110 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9829068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Micromotors with self-propelling ability demonstrate great values in highly sensitive analysis. Developing novel micromotors to achieve label-free multiplex assay is particularly intriguing in terms of detection efficiency. Herein, structural color micromotors (SCMs) were developed and employed for this purpose. The SCMs were derived from phase separation of droplet templates and exhibited a Janus structure with two distinct sections, including one with structural colors and the other providing catalytic self-propelling functions. Besides, the SCMs were functionalized with ion-responsive aptamers, through which the interaction between the ions and aptamers resulted in the shift of the intrinsic color of the SCMs. It was demonstrated that the SCMs could realize multiplex label-free detection of ions based on their optical coding capacity and responsive behaviors. Moreover, the detection sensitivity was greatly improved benefiting from the autonomous motion of the SCMs which enhanced the ion-aptamer interactions. We anticipate that the SCMs can significantly promote the development of multiplex assay and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210002, China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Lijun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Dagan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Luoran Shang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhou R, Hong D, Gao S, Gu Y, Liu X. Electric Field Induced Electrorotation of 2D Perovskite Microplates. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12101228. [PMID: 34683279 PMCID: PMC8537397 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
High precision-controlled movement of microscale devices is crucial to obtain advanced miniaturized motors. In this work, we report a high-speed rotating micromotor based on two-dimensional (2D) all-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 microplates controlled via alternating-current (AC) external electric field. Firstly, the device configuration with optimized electric field distribution has been determined via systematic physical simulation. Using this optimized biasing configuration, when an AC electric field is applied at the four-electrode system, the microplates suspended in the tetradecane solution rotate at a speed inversely proportional to AC frequency, with a maximum speed of 16.4 × 2π rad/s. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of CsPbBr3 microplates has been determined in a contactless manner, which is approximately 10−9–10−8 S/m. Our work has extended the investigations on AC electric field-controlled micromotors from 1D to 2D scale, shedding new light on developing micromotors with new configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifu Zhou
- College of Microtechnology & Microtechnology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Daobiao Hong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
| | - Siyu Gao
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (X.L.)
| | - Xuhai Liu
- College of Microtechnology & Microtechnology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (X.L.)
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Urso M, Iffelsberger C, Mayorga-Martinez CC, Pumera M. Nickel Sulfide Microrockets as Self-Propelled Energy Storage Devices to Power Electronic Circuits "On-Demand". SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100511. [PMID: 34927946 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturized energy storage devices are essential to power the growing number and variety of microelectronic technologies. Here, a concept of self-propelled microscale energy storage elements that can move, reach, and power electronic circuits is reported. Microrockets consisting of a nickel sulfide (NiS) outer layer and a Pt inner layer are prepared by template-assisted electrodeposition, and designed to store energy through NiS-mediated redox reactions and propel via the Pt-catalyzed decomposition of H2 O2 fuel. Scanning electrochemical microscopy allows visualizing and studying the energy storage ability of a single microrocket, revealing its pseudocapacitive nature. This proves the great potential of such technique in the field of micro/nanomotors. On-demand delivery of energy storage units to electronic circuits has been demonstrated by releasing microrockets on an interdigitated array electrode as an example of electronic circuit. Owing to their self-propulsion ability, they reach the active area of the electrode and, in principle, power its functions. These autonomously moving energy storage devices will be employed for next-generation electronics to store and deliver energy in previously inaccessible locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Urso
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Iffelsberger
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 61200, Czech Republic
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
- Center for Nanorobotics and Machine Intelligence, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Hermanová S, Ying Y, Plutnar J, Pumera M. A Maze in Plastic Wastes: Autonomous Motile Photocatalytic Microrobots against Microplastics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25102-25110. [PMID: 34009926 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An extremely high quantity of small pieces of synthetic polymers, namely, microplastics, has been recently identified in some of the most intact natural environments, e.g., on top of the Alps and Antarctic ice. This is a "scary wake-up call", considering the potential risks of microplastics for humans and marine systems. Sunlight-driven photocatalysis is the most energy-efficient currently known strategy for plastic degradation; however, attaining efficient photocatalyst-plastic interaction and thus an effective charge transfer in the micro/nanoscale is very difficult; that adds up to the common challenges of heterogeneous photocatalysis including low solubility, precipitation, and aggregation of the photocatalysts. Here, an active photocatalytic degradation procedure based on intelligent visible-light-driven microrobots with the capability of capturing and degrading microplastics "on-the-fly" in a complex multichannel maze is introduced. The robots with hybrid powers carry built-in photocatalytic (BiVO4) and magnetic (Fe3O4) materials allowing a self-propelled motion under sunlight with the possibility of precise actuation under a magnetic field inside the macrochannels. The photocatalytic robots are able to efficiently degrade different synthetic microplastics, particularly polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, thanks to the generated local self-stirring effect in the nanoscale and enhanced interaction with microplastics without using any exterior mechanical stirrers, typically used in conventional systems. Overall, this proof-of-concept study using microrobots with hybrid wireless powers has shown for the first time the possibility of efficient degradation of ultrasmall plastic particles in confined complex spaces, which can impact research on microplastic treatments, with the final goal of diminishing microplastics as an emergent threat for humans and marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa Hermanová
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yulong Ying
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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Gao C, Wang Y, Ye Z, Lin Z, Ma X, He Q. Biomedical Micro-/Nanomotors: From Overcoming Biological Barriers to In Vivo Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000512. [PMID: 32578282 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Self-propelled micro- and nanomotors (MNMs) have shown great potential for applications in the biomedical field, such as active targeted delivery, detoxification, minimally invasive diagnostics, and nanosurgery, owing to their tiny size, autonomous motion, and navigation capacities. To enter the clinic, biomedical MNMs request the biodegradability of their manufacturing materials, the biocompatibility of chemical fuels or externally physical fields, the capability of overcoming various biological barriers (e.g., biofouling, blood flow, blood-brain barrier, cell membrane), and the in vivo visual positioning for autonomous navigation. Herein, the recent advances of synthetic MNMs in overcoming biological barriers and in vivo motion-tracking imaging techniques are highlighted. The challenges and future research priorities are also addressed. With continued attention and innovation, it is believed that, in the future, biomedical MNMs will pave the way to improve the targeted drug delivery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zihan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining (Shenzhen), Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150080, China
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Plutnar J, Pumera M. Near-Atomic-Thick Bismuthene Oxide Microsheets for Flexible Aqueous Anodes: Boosted Performance upon 3D → 2D Transition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55936-55944. [PMID: 33280377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous batteries provide safety, but they usually suffer from low energy and short lifetimes, limiting their use for large-scale energy storage. Two-dimensional materials with infinite lateral dimensions have inherent properties such as high surface area and remarkable power density and cycling stability that are shown to be critical for the next generation of energy storage systems. Here, ultrathin bismuthene oxide with a large aspect ratio is studied as an anode material for rechargeable aqueous metal-ion batteries. The metal oxides are prepared via a novel electrochemical system allowing for a smooth, high-quality transition of bismuthene to bismuthene oxide in a short time. This anodic system is shown to overcome major limiting factors of such batteries, including low capacity and irreversible and unstable redox reactions in aqueous electrolytes. The essential energy storage properties of two-dimensional (2D) microsheets, without the addition of conductive additives and binders, are compared with those of the corresponding three-dimensional (3D) structures. Notably, the battery performance of 2D microsheets is significantly better than that of nanoparticles from all examined aspects, including power density and potential and cycling stability, while exhibiting a capacity density close to their theoretical value. Moreover, 2D microsheets have shown impressive mechanical flexibility related to the ultrathin thickness of individual microsheets and strong interaction between them after film deposition. Combining the excellent energy storage properties of bismuthene oxide, the simple electrode preparation procedure, the inherent flexing characteristic, and the nontoxicity of both the battery material and the electrolyte makes this 2D material an exceptional candidate for large-scale wearable green electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Plutnar
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
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Beladi-Mousavi SM, Klein J, Khezri B, Walder L, Pumera M. Active Anion Delivery by Self-Propelled Microswimmers. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3434-3441. [PMID: 32043877 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-propelled micro- and nanomachines are at the forefront of materials research, branching into applications in biomedical science and environmental remediation. Cationic frameworks enabling the collection and delivery of anionic species (A-) are highly required, due to the large variety of life-threatening pollutants, such as radioactive technetium and carcinogenic chromium, and medicines, such as dexamethasone derivatives with negative charges. However, such autonomous moving carriers for active transport of the anions have been barely discussed. A polymeric viologen (PV++)-consisting of electroactive bicationic subunits-is utilized in a tubular autonomous microswimmer to selectively deliver A- of different sizes and charge densities. The cargo loading is based on a facile anion exchange mechanism. The packed crystal structure of PV++ allows removal of an exceptionally high quantity of anions per one microswimmer (2.55 × 10-13 mol anions per microswimmer), a critical factor often neglected regarding the real-world application of microswimmers. Notably, there was virtually no leakage of anions during the delivery process or upon keeping the loaded microswimmers under ambient conditions for at least 4 months. Multiple release mechanisms, compatible with different environments, including electrochemical, photochemical, and a metathesis reaction, with high efficiencies up to 98% are introduced. Such functional autonomous micromachines provide great promise for the next generation of functional materials for biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-Mousavi
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, Osnabrück D-49069, Germany
| | - Jonas Klein
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, Osnabrück D-49069, Germany
| | - Bahareh Khezri
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Lorenz Walder
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Center of Physics and Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, Osnabrück D-49069, Germany
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for the Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 166 28, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyn̆ova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
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