1
|
Senatore R, Malik M, Pace V. Fluoroiodomethane: A CH2F‐Moiety Delivering Agent Suitable for Nucleophilic‐, Electrophilic‐ and Radical‐Harnessed Operations. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
2
|
Jiao Q, Li T, Ou Y, Jing S, Wang F. Probing the Reaction Mechanisms of 3,5-Difluoro-2,4,6-Trinitroanisole (DFTNAN) through a Comparative Study with Trinitroanisole (TNAN). MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072568. [PMID: 35407900 PMCID: PMC9000474 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
To probe the thermal decomposition mechanisms of a novel fluorinated low-melting-point explosive 3,5-difluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole (DFTNAN), a comparative study with trinitroanisole (TNAN) was performed under different heating conditions. The thermal decomposition processes and initial reactions were monitored by DSC-TG-FTIR-MS and T-jump-PyGC-MS coupling analyses, respectively. The results show that fluorine decreased the thermal stability of the molecular structure, and the trigger bond was transferred from the ortho-nitro group of the ether to the para-nitro group. The possible reaction pathway of DFTNAN after the initial bond breakage is the rupture of the dissociative nitro group with massive heat release, which induces the ring opening of benzene. Major side reactions include the generation of polycyclic compounds and fluorine atom migration. Fluorine affects the thermal stability and changes the reaction pathway, and fluorinated products appear in the form of fluorocarbons due to the high stability of the C-F bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Tianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Yapeng Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.J.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.O.); (F.W.)
| | - Suming Jing
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;
| | - Fang Wang
- Science and Technology on Aerospace Chemical Power Laboratory, Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangyang 441003, China
- Correspondence: (Y.O.); (F.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liao L, Zhang Y, Wu ZW, Ye ZT, Zhang XX, Chen G, Yu JS. Nickel-catalyzed regio- and enantio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoroalkylation of 1,3-dienes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12519-12526. [PMID: 36382272 PMCID: PMC9629049 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03958c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly enantio- and regio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoro(methyl)alkylation of 1,3-dienes was developed using redox-neutral nickel catalysis. It provided a facile strategy to construct diverse monofluoromethyl- or monofluoroalkyl-containing chiral allylic molecules. Notably, this represents the first catalytic asymmetric Markovnikov hydrofluoroalkylation of olefins. The practicability of this methodology is further highlighted by its broad substrate scope, mild base-free conditions, excellent enantio- and regio-selectivity, and diversified product elaborations to access useful fluorinated building blocks. We report a highly enantio- and regio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoro(methyl)alkylation of 1,3-dienes using chiral Ni catalysis, allowing access to chiral allylic compounds bearing a CH2F, CD2F or monofluoroalkyl group at the stereocenter.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Ye
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xue-Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Guangying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reichel M, Sile S, Kornath A, Karaghiosoff K. Fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate: A New Electrophilic Monofluoromethylating Reagent. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4423-4431. [PMID: 33661635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate has been prepared for the first time and qualified as a simple to use monofluoromethylating reagent. Its molecular structure in the solid state has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. This reagent proves to be effective for the electrophilic introduction of a CH2F group into selected chalcogen and nitrogen nucleophiles. Monofluoromethyl derivatives of various bifunctional N,O-nucleophiles have been synthesized using fluoromethyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenylsulfonate. Due to the good crystallizing properties of the anion, the fluoromethylated products as well as side products that are difficult to identify by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can readily be characterized by X-ray crystallographic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sami Sile
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Agriculture Building, King's Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Andreas Kornath
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Born M, Fessard TC, Göttemann L, Klapötke TM, Stierstorfer J, Voggenreiter M. 3,3-Dinitratooxetane - an important leap towards energetic oxygen-rich monomers and polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2804-2807. [PMID: 33599655 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00466b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3-Substituted oxetanes are valuable monomers for modern ring-opening polymerizations. A new solid-state oxidizer, 3,3-dinitratooxetane (C3H4N2O7), which has an oxygen content of 62.2% was synthesized by the addition of N2O5 to oxetan-3-one. Monoclinic single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction (ρ 1.80 g cm-3) were obtained by recrystallization from dichloromethane. In addition, 3-nitratooxetane was prepared by an improved method and 3-nitrato-3-methyloxetane was synthesized for the first time. Theoretical calculations were computed by the EXPLO5 software and additionally sensitivities towards impact and friction were determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max Born
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13, München 81377, Germany.
| | - Thomas C Fessard
- Spirochem AG, WRO-1047-3 Mattenstrasse 24, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Göttemann
- Spirochem AG, WRO-1047-3 Mattenstrasse 24, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Klapötke
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13, München 81377, Germany.
| | - Jörg Stierstorfer
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13, München 81377, Germany.
| | - Michael Voggenreiter
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13, München 81377, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reichel M, Wurzenberger MHH, Lommel M, Kofen M, Krumm B, Stierstorfer J, Karaghiosoff K. N
‐Fluoromethylated (Amino)Tetrazoles: Manipulating Thermal and Energetic Properties. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | | | - Marcus Lommel
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Moritz Kofen
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Jörg Stierstorfer
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry LudwigMaximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reichel M, Karaghiosoff K. Reagents for Selective Fluoromethylation: A Challenge in Organofluorine Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12268-12281. [PMID: 32022357 PMCID: PMC7383490 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of a monofluoromethyl moiety has undoubtedly become a very important area of research in recent years. Owing to the beneficial properties of organofluorine compounds, such as their metabolic stability, the incorporation of the CH2 F group as a bioisosteric substitute for various functional groups is an attractive strategy for the discovery of new pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the monofluoromethyl unit is also widely used in agrochemistry, in pharmaceutical chemistry, and in fine chemicals. The problems associated with climate change and the growing need for environmentally friendly industrial processes mean that alternatives to the frequently used CFC and HFBC fluoromethylating agents (CH2 FCl and CH2 FBr) are urgently needed and also required by the Montreal Protocol. This has recently prompted many researchers to develop alternative fluoromethylation agents. This Minireview summarizes both the classical and new generation of fluoromethylating agents. Reagents that act via electrophilic, nucleophilic, and radical pathways are discussed, in addition to their precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilian UniversityButenandstr. 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reichel M, Karaghiosoff K. Reagenzien für die selektive Fluormethylierung: Herausforderungen der Organofluorchemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 München Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reichel M, Krumm B, Vishnevskiy YV, Blomeyer S, Schwabedissen J, Stammler HG, Karaghiosoff K, Mitzel NW. Solid-State and Gas-Phase Structures and Energetic Properties of the Dangerous Methyl and Fluoromethyl Nitrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18557-18561. [PMID: 31573130 PMCID: PMC6916544 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An improved synthesis of the simplest nitric acid ester, methyl nitrate, and a new synthesis of fluoromethyl nitrate use the metathesis of the corresponding iodomethanes with silver nitrate. Both compounds were identified by spectroscopy and the structures determined for in situ grown crystals by X-ray diffraction as well as in the gas phase by electron diffraction. Fluorination leads to structures with shorter C-O and N-O bonds, has an energetically destabilizing effect and increases friction sensitivity, but decreases detonation performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13(D), D-81377, München, Germany
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13(D), D-81377, München, Germany
| | - Yury V Vishnevskiy
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sebastian Blomeyer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan Schwabedissen
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13(D), D-81377, München, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reichel M, Dosch D, Klapötke T, Karaghiosoff K. Correlation between Structure and Energetic Properties of Three Nitroaromatic Compounds: Bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) Ether, Bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) Ether, and Bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) Thioether. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19911-19916. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reichel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Dosch
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Karaghiosoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|