1
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Chaudhary S, Ali Z, Mahfouz M. Molecular farming for sustainable production of clinical-grade antimicrobial peptides. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:2282-2300. [PMID: 38685599 PMCID: PMC11258990 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerging as next-generation therapeutics due to their broad-spectrum activity against drug-resistant bacterial strains and their ability to eradicate biofilms, modulate immune responses, exert anti-inflammatory effects and improve disease management. They are produced through solid-phase peptide synthesis or in bacterial or yeast cells. Molecular farming, i.e. the production of biologics in plants, offers a low-cost, non-toxic, scalable and simple alternative platform to produce AMPs at a sustainable cost. In this review, we discuss the advantages of molecular farming for producing clinical-grade AMPs, advances in expression and purification systems and the cost advantage for industrial-scale production. We further review how 'green' production is filling the sustainability gap, streamlining patent and regulatory approvals and enabling successful clinical translations that demonstrate the future potential of AMPs produced by molecular farming. Finally, we discuss the regulatory challenges that need to be addressed to fully realize the potential of molecular farming-based AMP production for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Chaudhary
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological Sciences4700 King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Zahir Ali
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological Sciences4700 King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Mahfouz
- Laboratory for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological Sciences4700 King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwalSaudi Arabia
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2
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Ding Y, Pedersen SS, Wang H, Xiang B, Wang Y, Yang Z, Gao Y, Morosan E, Jones MR, Xiao H, Ball ZT. Selective Macrocyclization of Unprotected Peptides with an Ex Situ Gaseous Linchpin Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405344. [PMID: 38753429 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Peptide cyclization has dramatic effects on a variety of important properties, enhancing metabolic stability, limiting conformational flexibility, and altering cellular entry and intracellular localization. The hydrophilic, polyfunctional nature of peptides creates chemoselectivity challenges in macrocyclization, especially for natural sequences without biorthogonal handles. Herein, we describe a gaseous sulfonyl chloride derived reagent that achieves amine-amine, amine-phenol, and amine-aniline crosslinking through a minimalist linchpin strategy that affords macrocyclic urea or carbamate products. The cyclization reaction is metal-mediated and involves a novel application of sulfine species that remains unexplored in aqueous or biological contexts. The aqueous method delivers unique cyclic or bicyclic topologies directly from a variety of natural bioactive peptides without the need for protecting-group strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Simon S Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
- Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Haofan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Baorui Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Yixian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Yuxiang Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Emilia Morosan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Matthew R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
| | - Zachary T Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, United States
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3
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Lin J, Chen S, Butt UD, Yan M, Wu B. A comprehensive review on ziconotide. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31105. [PMID: 38779019 PMCID: PMC11110537 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Managing severe chronic pain is a challenging task, given the limited effectiveness of available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This issue continues to be a significant public health concern, requiring a substantial therapeutic response. Ziconotide, a synthetic peptide initially isolated from Conus magus in 1982 and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency in 2004, is the first-line intrathecal method for individuals experiencing severe chronic pain refractory to other therapeutic measures. Ziconotide produces powerful analgesia by blocking N-type calcium channels in the spinal cord, which inhibits the release of pain-relevant neurotransmitters from the central terminals of primary afferent neurons. However, despite possessing many favorable qualities, including the absence of tolerance development, respiratory depression, and withdrawal symptoms (largely due to the absence of a G-protein mediation mechanism), ziconotide's application is limited due to factors such as intrathecal administration and a narrow therapeutic window resulting from significant dose-related undesired effects of the central nervous system. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and clinically relevant summary of the literatures concerning the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of intrathecal ziconotide. It will also describe strategies intended to enhance clinical efficacy while reducing the incidence of side effects. Additionally, the review will explore the current efforts to refine the structure of ziconotide for better clinical outcomes. Lastly, it will prospect potential developments in the new class of selective N-type voltage-sensitive calcium-channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuwei Chen
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | | | - Min Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 321000, China
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4
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Li B, Parker J, Tong J, Kodadek T. Synthesis of Membrane-Permeable Macrocyclic Peptides via Imidazopyridinium Grafting. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14633-14644. [PMID: 38752889 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Macrocyclic peptides (MPs) are a class of compounds that have been shown to be particularly well suited for engaging difficult protein targets. However, their utility is limited by their generally poor cell permeability and bioavailability. Here, we report an efficient solid-phase synthesis of novel MPs by trapping a reversible intramolecular imine linkage with a 2-formyl- or 2-keto-pyridine to create an imidazopyridinium (IP+)-linked ring. This chemistry is useful for the creation of macrocycles of different sizes and geometries, including head-to-side and side-to-side chain configurations. Many of the IP+-linked MPs exhibit far better passive membrane permeability than expected for "beyond Rule of 5" molecules, in some cases exceeding that of much lower molecular weight, traditional drug molecules. We demonstrate that this chemistry is suitable for the creation of libraries of IP+-linked MPs and show that these libraries can be mined for protein ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Joshua Parker
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Joel Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Thomas Kodadek
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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5
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Bruce A, Adebomi V, Czabala P, Palmer J, McFadden WM, Lorson ZC, Slack RL, Bhardwaj G, Sarafianos SG, Raj M. A Tag-Free Platform for Synthesis and Screening of Cyclic Peptide Libraries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320045. [PMID: 38529717 PMCID: PMC11254100 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of high-throughput screening (HTS), macrocyclic peptide libraries traditionally necessitate decoding tags, essential for both library synthesis and identifying hit peptide sequences post-screening. Our innovation introduces a tag-free technology platform for synthesizing cyclic peptide libraries in solution and facilitates screening against biological targets to identify peptide binders through unconventional intramolecular CyClick and DeClick chemistries (CCDC) discovered through our research. This combination allows for the synthesis of diverse cyclic peptide libraries, the incorporation of various amino acids, and facile linearization and decoding of cyclic peptide binder sequences. Our sensitivity-enhancing derivatization method, utilized in tandem with nano LC-MS/MS, enables the sequencing of peptides even at exceedingly low picomolar concentrations. Employing our technology platform, we have successfully unearthed novel cyclic peptide binders against a monoclonal antibody and the first cyclic peptide binder of HIV capsid protein responsible for viral infections as validated by microscale thermal shift assays (TSA), biolayer interferometry (BLI) and functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angele Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
| | - Victor Adebomi
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 98195
| | - Patrick Czabala
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
| | - Jonathan Palmer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 98195
| | - William M McFadden
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Zachary C Lorson
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Ryan L Slack
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Gaurav Bhardwaj
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 98195
| | - Stefan G Sarafianos
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
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6
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Guo P, Chu X, Wu C, Qiao T, Guan W, Zhou C, Wang T, Tian C, He G, Chen G. Peptide Stapling by Crosslinking Two Amines with α-Ketoaldehydes through Diverse Modified Glyoxal-Lysine Dimer Linkers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318893. [PMID: 38376389 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
α-Ketoaldehydes play versatile roles in the ubiquitous natural processes of protein glycation. However, leveraging the reactivity of α-ketoaldehydes for biomedical applications has been challenging. Previously, the reactivity of α-ketoaldehydes with guanidine has been harnessed to design probes for labeling Arg residues on proteins in an aqueous medium. Herein, a highly effective, broadly applicable, and operationally simple protocol for stapling native peptides by crosslinking two amino groups through diverse imidazolium linkers with various α-ketoaldehyde reagents is described. The use of hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent facilitates rapid and clean reactions under mild conditions and enables unique selectivity for Lys over Arg. The naturally occurring GOLD/MOLD linkers have been expanded to encompass a wide range of modified glyoxal-lysine dimer (OLD) linkers. In a proof-of-concept trial, these modular stapling reactions enabled a convenient two-round strategy to streamline the structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of the wasp venom peptide anoplin, leading to enhanced biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Guo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Chu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chengjin Wu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tianjiao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenli Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chuanzheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Changlin Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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7
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He J, Ghosh P, Nitsche C. Biocompatible strategies for peptide macrocyclisation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2300-2322. [PMID: 38362412 PMCID: PMC10866349 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05738k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides are increasingly important drug candidates, offering numerous advantages over conventional small molecules. However, they face significant challenges related to stability, cellular uptake and overall bioavailability. While individual modifications may not address all these challenges, macrocyclisation stands out as a single modification capable of enhancing affinity, selectivity, proteolytic stability and membrane permeability. The recent successes of in situ peptide modifications during screening in combination with genetically encoded peptide libraries have increased the demand for peptide macrocyclisation reactions that can occur under biocompatible conditions. In this perspective, we aim to distinguish biocompatible conditions from those well-known examples that are fully bioorthogonal. We introduce key strategies for biocompatible peptide macrocyclisation and contextualise them within contemporary screening methods, providing an overview of available transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming He
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Pritha Ghosh
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Christoph Nitsche
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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8
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Diaz DB, Rowshanpour R, Saunders GJ, Dudding T, Yudin AK. The Role of Attractive Non-Covalent Interactions in Peptide Macrocyclization. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1483-1491. [PMID: 38217516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The efficiency of macrocyclization reactions relies on the appropriate conformational preorganization of a linear precursor, ensuring that reactive ends are in spatial proximity prior to ring closure. Traditional peptide cyclization approaches that reduce the extent of terminal ion pairing often disfavor cyclization-conducive conformations and can lead to undesired cyclodimerization or oligomerization side reactions, particularly when they are performed without high dilution. To address this challenge, synthetic strategies that leverage attractive noncovalent interactions, such as zwitterionic attraction between chain termini during macrocyclization, offer a potential solution by reducing the entropic penalty associated with linear peptides adopting precyclization conformations. In this study, we investigate the role of (N-isocyanoimino)triphenylphosphorane (Pinc) in facilitating the cyclization of linear peptides into conformationally rigid macrocycles. The observed moderate diastereoselectivity is consistent with the preferential Si-facial addition of Pinc, where the isocyanide adds to the E-iminium ion on the same face as the l-proline amide group. The resulting peptide chain reveals that the activated phosphonium ylide of Pinc brings the reactive ends close together, promoting cyclization by enclosing the carboxylate within the interior of the pentapeptide and preventing the formation of byproducts. For shorter peptides with modified peptide backbones, the cyclization mechanism and outcome are redirected, as nucleophilic motifs such as thiazole and imidazole can covalently trap nitrilium intermediates. The isolation of the intermediate in the unproductive macrocyclization pathway, along with nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory studies, provides insights into heterocycle-dependent selectivity. The Pinc-driven macrocyclization process has generated diverse collections of cyclic molecules, and our models offer a comprehensive understanding of observed trends, facilitating the development of other heterocycle-forming macrocyclization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego B Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Rozhin Rowshanpour
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - George J Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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9
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Xie L, Zhao C, Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhao Y, Liu X, Xu X, Liu W, Li X, Wu L. Synthesis of Polycyclic Imidazolidinones via Cascade [3 + 2]-Annulation of β-Oxo-acrylamides with Cyclic N-Sulfonyl Imines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15805-15816. [PMID: 37906181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
An Et3N-catalyzed cascade [3 + 2]-annulation of β-oxo-acrylamides with cyclic N-sulfonyl ketimines or sulfamate-derived imines is developed under mild reaction conditions, which provides a concise and efficient route to access valuable sultam- or sulfamidate-fused imidazolidinone derivatives in good to excellent yields (80-95% yields) with excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1 drs). The current protocol features atom economy, a transition-metal-free process, and broad functional group tolerance. Moreover, the asymmetric variant of the [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction was achieved in the presence of diphenylethanediamine or quinine-based bifunctional squaramide organocatalysts C-1 and C-11, giving the corresponding chiral polycyclic imidazolidinones in 68-90% yields with 25-94% ees and >20:1 drs in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chenyi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zirui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xinghan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- Liaocheng Inspection and Testing Center, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wanxing Liu
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lingang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
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10
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Shao H, Adebomi V, Bruce A, Raj M, Houk KN. Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding Enables a Zwitterionic Mechanism for Macrocyclic Peptide Formation: Computational Mechanistic Studies of CyClick Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307210. [PMID: 37475575 PMCID: PMC10592271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic peptides have become increasingly important in the pharmaceutical industry. We present a detailed computational investigation of the reaction mechanism of the recently developed "CyClick" chemistry to selectively form imidazolidinone cyclic peptides from linear peptide aldehydes, without using catalysts or directing groups (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 19073-19080). We conducted computational mechanistic to investigate the effects of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IMHBs) in promoting a kinetically facile zwitterionic mechanism in "CyClick" of pentapeptide aldehyde AFGPA. Our DFT calculations highlighted the importance of IMHB in pre-organization of the resting state, stabilization of the zwitterion intermediate, and the control of the product stereoselectivity. Furthermore, we have also identified that the low ring strain energy promotes the "CyClick" of hexapeptide aldehyde AAGPFA to form a thermodynamically more stable 15+5 imidazolidinone cyclic peptide product. In contrast, large ring strain energy suppresses "CyClick" reactivity of tetra peptide aldehyde AFPA from forming the 9+5 imidazolidinone cyclic peptide product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Victor Adebomi
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Angele Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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11
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Roblin A, Casaretto N, Archambeau A. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Cycloadditions of 5-Vinyloxazolidine-2,4-diones with Electrophilic Imines. Org Lett 2023; 25:6453-6458. [PMID: 37639245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of the 4-imidazolidinone scaffold in bioactive compounds or organocatalysts, methodologies to access these nitrogenated heterocycles remain scarce. This manuscript describes a novel preparation of 4-imidazolidinones via a diastereo- and enantioselective (3 + 2) cycloaddition between 5-vinyloxazolidine-2,4-diones (VOxD) and electrophilic imines under palladium catalysis. This work supports the synthetic potential of VOxD as a promising equivalent of the C-C(═O)-N synthon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Roblin
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, UMR 7652, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Casaretto
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 9168, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Alexis Archambeau
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, UMR 7652, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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12
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Wu C, Zhang H, Kong N, Wu B, Lin X, Wang H. Dynamic Control of Cyclic Peptide Assembly to Form Higher-Order Assemblies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303455. [PMID: 37409642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Chirality correction, asymmetry, ring-chain tautomerism and hierarchical assemblies are fundamental phenomena in nature. They are geometrically related and may impact the biological roles of a protein or other supermolecules. It is challenging to study those behaviors within an artificial system due to the complexity of displaying these features. Herein, we design an alternating D,L peptide to recreate and validate the naturally occurring chirality inversion prior to cyclization in water. The resulting asymmetrical cyclic peptide containing a 4-imidazolidinone ring provides an excellent platform to study the ring-chain tautomerism, thermostability and dynamic assembly of the nanostructures. Different from traditional cyclic D,L peptides, the formation of 4-imidazolidinone promotes the formation of intertwined nanostructures. Analysis of the nanostructures confirmed the left-handedness, representing chirality induced self-assembly. This proves that a rationally designed peptide can mimic multiple natural phenomena and could promote the development of functional biomaterials, catalysts, antibiotics, and supermolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Nan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bihan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinhui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, No. 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Garnes-Portolés F, Merino E, Leyva-Pérez A. Mizoroki-Heck Macrocyclization Reactions at 1 M Concentration Catalyzed by Sub-nanometric Palladium Clusters. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300200. [PMID: 37115962 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of cyclized organic compounds with more than ten atoms (macrocycles) is traditionally based on reversible reactions under highly diluted conditions, typically <0.05 M, in order to circumvent the formation of intermolecular products. These reaction conditions severely hamper industrial productivity and the use of solid catalysts. Herein, it is shown that the intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck reaction of ω-iodide cinnamates proceeds at 1 M concentration when catalyzed by few-atom Pd clusters, either in solution or supported on a solid, to give different macrocycles in good yields. This paradigmatic increase in reaction concentration not only opens the door for macrocycle production with high throughputs but also enables the use of solid catalysts for a macrocyclization reaction in flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Garnes-Portolés
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politècnica de València Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Merino
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Facultad de Farmacia, Alcalá de Henares, 28805, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politècnica de València Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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14
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Zhou Y, Harvey PJ, Koehbach J, Chan LY, Jones A, Andersson Å, Vetter I, Durek T, Craik DJ. A Chemoenzymatic Approach To Produce a Cyclic Analogue of the Analgesic Drug MVIIA (Ziconotide). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302812. [PMID: 37148162 PMCID: PMC10952433 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ziconotide (ω-conotoxin MVIIA) is an approved analgesic for the treatment of chronic pain. However, the need for intrathecal administration and adverse effects have limited its widespread application. Backbone cyclization is one way to improve the pharmaceutical properties of conopeptides, but so far chemical synthesis alone has been unable to produce correctly folded and backbone cyclic analogues of MVIIA. In this study, an asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP)-mediated cyclization was used to generate backbone cyclic analogues of MVIIA for the first time. Cyclization using six- to nine-residue linkers did not perturb the overall structure of MVIIA, and the cyclic analogues of MVIIA showed inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV 2.2) and substantially improved stability in human serum and stimulated intestinal fluid. Our study reveals that AEP transpeptidases are capable of cyclizing structurally complex peptides that chemical synthesis cannot achieve and paves the way for further improving the therapeutic value of conotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Peta J. Harvey
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Johannes Koehbach
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Lai Yue Chan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Alun Jones
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- School of PharmacyInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - David J. Craik
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
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15
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Costa L, Sousa E, Fernandes C. Cyclic Peptides in Pipeline: What Future for These Great Molecules? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:996. [PMID: 37513908 PMCID: PMC10386233 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are molecules that are already used as drugs in therapies approved for various pharmacological activities, for example, as antibiotics, antifungals, anticancer, and immunosuppressants. Interest in these molecules has been growing due to the improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the cyclic structure over linear peptides and by the evolution of chemical synthesis, computational, and in vitro methods. To date, 53 cyclic peptides have been approved by different regulatory authorities, and many others are in clinical trials for a wide diversity of conditions. In this review, the potential of cyclic peptides is presented, and general aspects of their synthesis and development are discussed. Furthermore, an overview of already approved cyclic peptides is also given, and the cyclic peptides in clinical trials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Costa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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16
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Hernández D, Porras M, Boto A. Conversion of Hydroxyproline "Doubly Customizable Units" to Hexahydropyrimidines: Access to Conformationally Constrained Peptides. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37429014 PMCID: PMC10367070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The efficient transformation of hydroxyproline "doubly customizable units" into rigid hexahydropyrimidine units takes place in good global yields and generates compounds of pharmaceutical interest. In particular, the process can readily provide access to peptidomimetics and peptides with reversed sequences or with valuable turns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dácil Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Marina Porras
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
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17
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Shimizu A, Shibata A, Kano T, Kumai Y, Kawakami R, Esaki H, Fukushima K, Tada N, Itoh A. Synthesis of 4-Imidazolidinones from Diamides and Ethynyl Benziodoxolones via Double Michael-Type Addition: Ethynyl Benziodoxolones as Electrophilic Ynol Synthons. Org Lett 2022; 24:8859-8863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Shimizu
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shibata
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takashi Kano
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuuichi Kumai
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Kawakami
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Esaki
- Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fukushima
- Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tada
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akichika Itoh
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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18
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Wills R, Adebomi V, Spancake C, Cohen RD, Raj M. Synthesis of L-cyclic tetrapeptides by backbone amide activation CyClick strategy. Tetrahedron 2022; 126:133071. [PMID: 37994371 PMCID: PMC10664817 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic tetrapeptides exhibit high cellular permeability and a wide range of biological properties and thus have gained great interest in the field of medicinal chemistry. We synthesized highly strained 12-membered head to tail cyclic peptides with varying reactive amino acids, without oligomerization using the exclusively intramolecular CyClick chemistry. This occurs by a two-step process involving the low-energy formation of a 15 atom-containing cyclic imine, followed by a chemoselective ring contraction of the peptide backbone generating a highly strained 12 atom-containing cyclic tetrapeptide. This reaction exhibited high substrate scope and generated head to tail cyclic tetrapeptides with varying amino acids at the N-terminus, showing chemoselectivity without the need for side group protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wills
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Victor Adebomi
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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19
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Ochs J, Pagnacco CA, Barroso-Bujans F. Macrocyclic polymers: Synthesis, purification, properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Luo Z, Xu L, Tang X, Zhao X, He T, Lubell WD, Zhang J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel all-hydrocarbon cross-linked aza-stapled peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7963-7971. [PMID: 36190455 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01496c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel all-hydrocarbon cross-linked aza-stapled peptides were designed and synthesized for the first time by ring-closing metathesis between two aza-alkenylglycine residues. Three aza-stapled peptidic analogues based on the peptide dual inhibitor of p53-MDM2/MDMX interactions were synthesized and screened for biological activities. Among the three aza-stapled peptides, aSPDI-411 displayed increased anti-tumor activity, binding affinities to both MDM2 and MDMX, and cell membrane permeability compared to its linear peptide counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Luo
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaomin Tang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Xuejun Zhao
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Tong He
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
| | - William D Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China. .,Chongqing University Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic of China
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21
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Bell HJ, Malins LR. Peptide macrocyclisation via late-stage reductive amination. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6250-6256. [PMID: 35621075 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00782g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-component reductive amination approach to the synthesis of peptide macrocycles is reported which leverages the inherent reactivity of proteinogenic amine nucleophiles. Unprotected peptides bearing α-amine and side chain amine motifs undergo two-fold reductive amination reactions with 2,6-pyridinedialdehyde linkers in aqueous media to afford macrocyclic peptide products with backbone embedded pyridine motifs. Dialdehyde staples bearing valuable azide and alkyne handles also enable the post-cyclisation modification of peptides using copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden J Bell
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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22
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Li J, Lai W, Pang A, Liu L, Ye L, Xiong XF. On-Resin Synthesis of Linear Aryl Thioether Containing Peptides and in-Solution Cyclization via Cysteine S NAr Reaction. Org Lett 2022; 24:1673-1677. [PMID: 35195423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides represent one of the most promising therapeutic agents in drug discovery due to their good affinity and selectivity. Herein, an on-resin synthesis of aryl thioether containing peptides and a concise cyclization strategy via chemoselective cysteine SNAr reaction was developed. The arylation group could be incorporated into a series of amino acids and used for standard SPPS and peptides cyclization. Constructed cyclic peptides showed increased cellular uptakes compared to their linear peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ao Pang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lianbao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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23
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Oppewal T, Jansen ID, Hekelaar J, Mayer C. A Strategy to Select Macrocyclic Peptides Featuring Asymmetric Molecular Scaffolds as Cyclization Units by Phage Display. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3644-3652. [PMID: 35171585 PMCID: PMC8895403 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic peptides (MPs) have positioned themselves as a privileged class of compounds for the discovery of therapeutics and development of chemical probes. Aided by the development of powerful selection strategies, high-affinity binders against biomolecular targets can readily be elicited from massive, genetically encoded libraries by affinity selection. For example, in phage display, MPs are accessed on the surface of whole bacteriophages via disulfide formation, the use of (symmetric) crosslinkers, or the incorporation of non-canonical amino acids. To facilitate a straightforward cyclization of linear precursors with asymmetric molecular scaffolds, which are often found at the core of naturally occurring MPs, we report an efficient two-step strategy to access MPs via the programmed modification of a unique cysteine residue and an N-terminal amine. We demonstrate that this approach yields MPs featuring asymmetric cyclization units from both synthetic peptides and when linear precursors are appended onto a phage-coat protein. Finally, we showcase that our cyclization strategy is compatible with traditional phage-display protocols and enables the selection of MP binders against a model target protein from naïve libraries. By enabling the incorporation of non-peptidic moieties that (1) can serve as cyclization units, (2) provide interactions for binding, and/or (3) tailor pharmacological properties, our head-to-side-chain cyclization strategy provides access to a currently under-explored chemical space for the development of chemical probes and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titia
Rixt Oppewal
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9474 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Ivar D. Jansen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9474 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Hekelaar
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9474 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Mayer
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9474 AG, The Netherlands
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24
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Zhang H, Chen S. Cyclic peptide drugs approved in the last two decades (2001-2021). RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:18-31. [PMID: 35128405 PMCID: PMC8729179 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00154j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the major families of small molecules and antibodies, cyclic peptides, as a family of synthesizable macromolecules, have distinct biochemical and therapeutic properties for pharmaceutical applications. Cyclic peptide-based drugs have increasingly been developed in the past two decades, confirming the common perception that cyclic peptides have high binding affinities and low metabolic toxicity as antibodies, good stability and ease of manufacture as small molecules. Natural peptides were the major source of cyclic peptide drugs in the last century, and cyclic peptides derived from novel screening and cyclization strategies are the new source. In this review, we will discuss and summarize 18 cyclic peptides approved for clinical use in the past two decades to provide a better understanding of cyclic peptide development and to inspire new perspectives. The purpose of the present review is to promote efforts to resolve the challenges in the development of cyclic peptide drugs that are more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Zhang
- Biotech Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Biotech Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
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25
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Zheng M, Haeffner F, Gao J. N-Terminal cysteine mediated backbone-side chain cyclization for chemically enhanced phage display. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8349-8354. [PMID: 35919713 PMCID: PMC9297441 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03241d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display, an ingenious invention for evaluating peptide libraries, has been limited to natural peptides that are ribosomally assembled with proteinogenic amino acids. Recently, there has been growing interest in chemically modifying phage libraries to create nonnatural cyclic and multicyclic peptides, which are appealing for use as inhibitors of protein–protein interactions. While earlier reports largely focused on side-chain side-chain cyclization, we report herein a novel strategy for creating backbone-side chain cyclized peptide libraries on phage. Our strategy capitalizes on the unique reactivity of an N-terminal cysteine (NCys) with 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) which, in conjugation with another thiol-reactive group, can elicit rapid cyclization between an NCys and an internal cysteine. The resulting library was screened against two model proteins, namely Keap1 and Sortase A. The screening readily revealed potent inhibitors for both proteins with certain Keap1 ligands reaching low nanomolar potency. The backbone-side chain cyclization strategy described herein presents a significant addition to the toolkit of creating nonnatural macrocyclic peptide libraries for phage display. An NCys–Cys crosslinker elicits rapid and clean backbone-side chain cyclization, yielding nonnatural cyclic peptide libraries for phage display.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Fredrik Haeffner
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Jianmin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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26
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Kim DI, Han SJ, Lim YB. Unique behaviour of α-helix in bending deformation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4368-4371. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00008c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Maximum degree of bending that can be tolerated by the rigid rod-like α-helix remains unknown; however, it should be very difficult or even impossible to make α-helices with varying degrees...
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27
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Chiarinelli J, Barreiro-Lage D, Bolognesi P, RICHTER R, Zettergren H, Stockett MH, Díaz-Tendero S, Avaldi L. Electron and ion spectroscopy of the cyclo-alanine-alanine dipeptide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5855-5867. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05811h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The VUV photoionisation and photofragmentation of cyclo-alanine-alanine (cAA) has been studiedin a joint experimental and theoretical work. The photoelectron spectrum and the photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) measurements, which enable a control...
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28
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Chirality-matched catalyst-controlled macrocyclization reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2113122118. [PMID: 34599107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrocycles, formally defined as compounds that contain a ring with 12 or more atoms, continue to attract great interest due to their important applications in physical, pharmacological, and environmental sciences. In syntheses of macrocyclic compounds, promoting intramolecular over intermolecular reactions in the ring-closing step is often a key challenge. Furthermore, syntheses of macrocycles with stereogenic elements confer an additional challenge, while access to such macrocycles are of great interest. Herein, we report the remarkable effect peptide-based catalysts can have in promoting efficient macrocyclization reactions. We show that the chirality of the catalyst is essential for promoting favorable, matched transition-state relationships that favor macrocyclization of substrates with preexisting stereogenic elements; curiously, the chirality of the catalyst is essential for successful reactions, even though no new static (i.e., not "dynamic") stereogenic elements are created. Control experiments involving either achiral variants of the catalyst or the enantiomeric form of the catalyst fail to deliver the macrocycles in significant quantity in head-to-head comparisons. The generality of the phenomenon, demonstrated here with a number of substrates, stimulates analogies to enzymatic catalysts that produce naturally occurring macrocycles, presumably through related, catalyst-defined peripheral interactions with their acyclic substrates.
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Wu Y, Chau H, Thor W, Chan KHY, Ma X, Chan W, Long NJ, Wong K. Solid-Phase Peptide Macrocyclization and Multifunctionalization via Dipyrrin Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20301-20307. [PMID: 34272794 PMCID: PMC8457249 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a new and highly efficient synthetic protocol towards multifunctional fluorescent cyclopeptides by solid-phase peptide macrocyclization via dipyrrin construction, with full scope of proteinogenic amino acids and different ring sizes. Various bicyclic peptides can be created by dipyrrin-based crosslinking and double dipyrrin-ring formation. The embedded dipyrrin can be either transformed to fluorescent BODIPY and then utilized as cancer-selective targeted protein imaging probe in vitro, or directly employed as a selective metal sensor in aqueous media. This work provides a valuable addition to the peptide macrocyclization toolbox, and a blueprint for the development of multifunctional dipyrrin linkers in cyclopeptides for a wide range of potential bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Ho‐Fai Chau
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Waygen Thor
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Kaitlin Hao Yi Chan
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina
| | - Xia Ma
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
| | - Wai‐Lun Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina
| | - Nicholas J. Long
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research HubLondonUK
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongKowloonHong Kong SARChina
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30
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Wu Y, Chau H, Thor W, Chan KHY, Ma X, Chan W, Long NJ, Wong K. Solid‐Phase Peptide Macrocyclization and Multifunctionalization via Dipyrrin Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Ho‐Fai Chau
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Waygen Thor
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Kaitlin Hao Yi Chan
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xia Ma
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wai‐Lun Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Nicholas J. Long
- Department of Chemistry Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub London UK
| | - Ka‐Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
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31
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Ilangala AB, Lechanteur A, Fillet M, Piel G. Therapeutic peptides for chemotherapy: Trends and challenges for advanced delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 167:140-158. [PMID: 34311093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The past decades witnessed an increasing interest in peptides as clinical therapeutics. Rightfully considered as a potential alternative for small molecule therapy, these remarkable pharmaceuticals can be structurally fine-tuned to impact properties such as high target affinity, selectivity, low immunogenicity along with satisfactory tissue penetration. Although physicochemical and pharmacokinetic challenges have mitigated, to some extent, the clinical applications of therapeutic peptides, their potential impact on modern healthcare remains encouraging. According to recent reports, there are more than 400 peptides under clinical trials and 60 were already approved for clinical use. As the demand for efficient and safer therapy became high, especially for cancers, peptides have shown some exciting developments not only due to their potent antiproliferative action but also when used as adjuvant therapies, either to decrease side effects with tumor-targeted therapy or to enhance the activity of anticancer drugs via transbarrier delivery. The first part of the present review gives an insight into challenges related to peptide product development. Both molecular and formulation approaches intended to optimize peptide's pharmaceutical properties are covered, and some of their current issues are highlighted. The second part offers a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications of therapeutic peptides in chemotherapy from bioconjugates to nanovectorized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange B Ilangala
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Anna Lechanteur
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Piel
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Nanomedicine Development, CIRM, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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32
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Hayes HC, Luk LYP, Tsai YH. Approaches for peptide and protein cyclisation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3983-4001. [PMID: 33978044 PMCID: PMC8114279 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00411e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The cyclisation of polypeptides can play a crucial role in exerting biological functions, maintaining stability under harsh conditions and conferring proteolytic resistance, as demonstrated both in nature and in the laboratory. To date, various approaches have been reported for polypeptide cyclisation. These approaches range from the direct linkage of N- and C- termini to the connection of amino acid side chains, which can be applied both in reaction vessels and in living systems. In this review, we categorise the cyclisation approaches into chemical methods (e.g. direct backbone cyclisation, native chemical ligation, aldehyde-based ligations, bioorthogonal reactions, disulphide formation), enzymatic methods (e.g. subtiligase variants, sortases, asparaginyl endopeptidases, transglutaminases, non-ribosomal peptide synthetases) and protein tags (e.g. inteins, engineered protein domains for isopeptide bond formation). The features of each approach and the considerations for selecting an appropriate method of cyclisation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Hayes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Louis Y P Luk
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK and Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tsai
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK and Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
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33
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Godin É, Nguyen Thanh S, Guerrero-Morales J, Santandrea J, Caron A, Minozzi C, Beaucage N, Rey B, Morency M, Abel-Snape X, Collins SK. Synthesis and Diversification of Macrocyclic Alkynediyl Sulfide Peptides. Chemistry 2020; 26:14575-14579. [PMID: 32886838 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of rare macrocyclic alkynediyl sulfides by a Cu-catalyzed Csp -S cross-coupling is presented. The catalytic protocol (Cu(MeCN)4 PF6 /dtbbpy) promotes macrocyclization of peptides, dipeptides and tripeptides at ambient temperature (14 examples, 23→73 % yields) via thiols and bromoalkynes, and is chemoselective with regards to terminal alkynes. Importantly, the underexplored alkynediyl sulfide functionality incorporates a rigidifying structural element and opens new opportunities for diversification of macrocyclic frameworks through S oxidation, halide addition and azide-alkyne cycloaddition chemistries to integrate sulfones, halides or valuable fluorophores (7 examples, 37→92 % yields).
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Godin
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Sacha Nguyen Thanh
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Javier Guerrero-Morales
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Santandrea
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Antoine Caron
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Clémentine Minozzi
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Noémie Beaucage
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Bastien Rey
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Mathieu Morency
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Xavier Abel-Snape
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Shawn K Collins
- Département de Chimie, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec, H2V 0B3, Canada
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34
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Abboud SA, Aucagne V. An optimized protocol for the synthesis of N-2-hydroxybenzyl-cysteine peptide crypto-thioesters. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8199-8208. [PMID: 33034311 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01737j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a robust upgraded synthetic protocol for the synthesis of N-Hnb-Cys crypto-thioester peptides, useful building blocks for segment-based chemical protein synthesis through native chemical ligation. We recently observed the formation of an isomeric co-product when using a different solid support than the originally-reported one, thus hampering the general applicability of the methodology. We undertook a systematic study to characterize this compound and identify the parameters favouring its formation. We show here that epimerization from l- to d-cysteine occurred during the key solid-supported reductive amination step. We also observed the formation of imidazolidinones by-products arising from incomplete reduction of the imine. Structural characterization combined with the deciphering of underlying reaction mechanisms allowed us to optimize conditions that abolished the formation of all these side-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skander A Abboud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France.
| | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France.
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35
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Raj M, Wills RD, Adebomi VT. Peptide Cyclization at High Concentration. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of cyclic peptides as pharmaceuticals has led to an eruption of new methodologies for macrocyclization. However, the cyclization of peptides at high concentrations presents a challenge due to the production of side products like dimers and oligomers. This factor is more pronounced with the cyclization of peptides composed of fewer than seven amino acids, thus has created a need for a new synthetic strategy. Herein, we will elucidate a new chemoselective method termed ‘CyClick’ that works in an exclusively intramolecular fashion preventing the formation of commonly occurring side products such as dimers and oligomers, even at relatively high concentration.1 Introduction2 Known Methodologies3 Novel CyClick Chemistry4 Conclusion and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University Auburn
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36
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Pomplun S, Shugrue CR, Schmitt AM, Schissel CK, Farquhar CE, Pentelute BL. Secondary Amino Alcohols: Traceless Cleavable Linkers for Use in Affinity Capture and Release. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pomplun
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Christopher R. Shugrue
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | | | - Carly K. Schissel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Charlotte E. Farquhar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Bradley L. Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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37
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Reguera L, Rivera DG. Macrocyclic Iminopeptides Diversify To Better Target Proteins. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1111-1112. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Reguera
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Havana, Zapata y G Havana 10400 Cuba
| | - Daniel G. Rivera
- Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Havana, Zapata y G Havana 10400 Cuba
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38
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Pomplun S, Shugrue CR, Schmitt AM, Schissel CK, Farquhar CE, Pentelute BL. Secondary Amino Alcohols: Traceless Cleavable Linkers for Use in Affinity Capture and Release. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11566-11572. [PMID: 32227406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Capture and release of peptides is often a critical operation in the pathway to discovering materials with novel functions. However, the best methods for efficient capture impede facile release. To overcome this challenge, we report linkers based on secondary amino alcohols for the release of peptides after capture. These amino alcohols are based on serine (seramox) or isoserine (isoseramox) and can be incorporated into peptides during solid-phase peptide synthesis through reductive amination. Both linkers are quantitatively cleaved within minutes under NaIO4 treatment. Cleavage of isoseramox produced a native peptide N-terminus. This linker also showed broad substrate compatibility; incorporation into a synthetic peptide library resulted in the identification of all sequences by nanoLC-MS/MS. The linkers are cell compatible; a cell-penetrating peptide that contained this linker was efficiently captured and identified after uptake into cells. These findings suggest that such secondary amino alcohol based linkers might be suitable tools for peptide-discovery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pomplun
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Christopher R Shugrue
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Adeline M Schmitt
- Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carly K Schissel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Charlotte E Farquhar
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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