1
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Mandal I, Mandal A, Kilbinger AFM. Macrochain Transfer Agents for Catalytic Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1384-1389. [PMID: 36455213 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A monosubstituted 1,3-diene derivative attached to a polymer is demonstrated to act as a macrochain transfer agent in catalytic ring-opening metathesis polymerization. PEG- and PLA-based macrochain transfer agents were synthesized in a few steps and were characterized using NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry. Poly(l-lactide) based diblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-based diblock, and triblock (ABA type) copolymers of varied chain lengths were prepared catalytically in a one-pot approach via metathesis polymerization. Block copolymers were characterized by SEC and showed monomodal molecular weight distributions. Moreover, DOSY NMR spectroscopy further proved the block microstructures of the synthesized polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indradip Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ankita Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F M Kilbinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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2
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Yasir M, Singh M, Kilbinger AFM. A Single Functionalization Agent for Heterotelechelic ROMP Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:813-817. [PMID: 35674524 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heterotelechelic polymers are an important class of materials finding applications in bioconjugation, imaging, sensing, and synthesis of organic/inorganic hybrid systems with interesting features. However, the synthesis of such polymers is challenging. Here, we report a mechanistically unique and most efficient method based on a single functionalization agent to prepare heterotelechelic polymers by a ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Different functionalization agents can be synthesized in one simple step from inexpensive commercial starting materials. The functionalization agents initially generate a functional initiator from commercial Grubbs' first-generation ruthenium benzylidene catalyst. During this process, a functional dihydrofuran derivative is produced. After functional initiation and propagation of a suitable monomer, the dihydrofuran derivative functionally terminates the polymerization yielding a primary alcohol-terminated heterotelechelic polymer. Molecular weight control is achieved by varying the ratio between monomer and Grubbs' first-generation catalyst. This method may emerge as a popular choice to prepare heterotelechelic polymers due to its simplicity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F M Kilbinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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3
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Dong Z, Liu P, Crochet A, Kilbinger AFM. Fast Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Tricyclic Oxanorbornene Derivatives. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Museé 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Museé 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Crochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Museé 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F. M. Kilbinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Museé 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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4
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Martínez A, Zárate-Saldaña D, Vargas J, Santiago AA. Unsaturated Copolyesters from Macrolactone/Norbornene: Toward Reaction Kinetics of Metathesis Copolymerization Using Ruthenium Carbene Catalysts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094521. [PMID: 35562910 PMCID: PMC9102099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Unsaturated copolyesters are of great interest in polymer science due to their broad potential applications and sustainability. Copolyesters were synthesized from the ring-opening metathesis copolymerization of ω-6-hexadecenlactone (HDL) and norbornene (NB) using ruthenium-alkylidene [Ru(Cl2)(=CHPh)(1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene)(PCy3)] (Ru1), [Ru(Cl)2(=CHPh)(PCy3)2] (Ru2), and ruthenium-vinylidene [RuCl2(=C=CH(p-C6H4CF3))(PCy3)2] (Ru3) catalysts, respectively, yielding HDL-NB copolymers with different ratios of the monomer HDL in the feed. The activity of N-heterocyclic-carbene (NHC) (Ru1) and phosphine (Ru2 and Ru3) ligands containing ruthenium-carbene catalysts were evaluated in the synthesis of copolymer HDL-NB. The catalysts Ru1 with an NHC ligand showed superior activity and stability over catalysts Ru2 and Ru3 bearing PCy3 ligands. The incorporation of the monomers in the copolymers determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy was similar to that of the HDL-NB values in the feed. Experiments, at distinct monomer molar ratios, were carried out using the catalysts Ru1–Ru3 to determine the copolymerization reactivity constants by applying the Mayo–Lewis and Fineman–Ross methods. The copolymer distribution under equilibrium conditions was studied by the 13C NMR spectra, indicating that the copolymer HDL-NB is a gradient copolymer. The main factor determining the decrease in melting temperature is the inclusion of norbornene units, indicating that the PNB units permeate trough the HDL chains. The copolymers with different molar ratios [HDL]/[NB] have good thermal stability up to 411 °C in comparison with the homopolymer PHDL (384 °C). Further, the stress–strain measurements in tension for these copolymers depicted the appreciable increment in stress values as the NB content increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Martínez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia C.P. 58190, Michoacán, Mexico; (D.Z.-S.); (A.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5559042697
| | - Daniel Zárate-Saldaña
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia C.P. 58190, Michoacán, Mexico; (D.Z.-S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Joel Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia C.P. 58190, Michoacán, Mexico;
| | - Arlette A. Santiago
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia C.P. 58190, Michoacán, Mexico; (D.Z.-S.); (A.A.S.)
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5
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Zou J, Zhou M, Ji Z, Xiao X, Wu Y, Cui R, Deng S, Liu R. Controlled copolymerization of α-NCAs and α-NNTAs for preparing peptide/peptoid hybrid polymers with adjustable proteolysis. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01413g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The living and controlled copolymerization of α-NCAs and α-NNTAs enables the facile synthesis of peptide/peptoid hybrid polymers with an alternating-like distribution of residues and adjustable proteolysis by varying the proportion of peptoid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhemin Ji
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yueming Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ruxin Cui
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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6
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Diels–Alder Cycloadditions of Bio-Derived Furans with Maleimides as a Sustainable «Click» Approach towards Molecular, Macromolecular and Hybrid Systems. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review highlights the recent research trends in designing organic or organic-inorganic hybrid molecular, biomolecular and macromolecular systems employing intermolecular Diels–Alder cycloadditions of biobased, furan-containing substrates and maleimide dienophiles. The furan/maleimide Diels–Alder reaction is a well-known process that may proceed with high efficiency under non-catalytic and solvent-free conditions. Due to the simplicity, 100% atom economy and biobased nature of many furanic substrates, this type of [4+2]-cycloaddition may be recognized as a sustainable “click” approach with high potential for application in many fields, such as fine organic synthesis, bioorganic chemistry, material sciences and smart polymers development.
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7
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A versatile approach for the synthesis of degradable polymers via controlled ring-opening metathesis copolymerization. Nat Chem 2021; 14:53-58. [PMID: 34795434 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Norbornene derivatives (NBEs) are common monomers for living ring-opening metathesis polymerization and yield polymers with low dispersities and diverse functionalities. However, the all-carbon backbone of poly-NBEs is non-degradable. Here we report a method to synthesize degradable polymers by copolymerizing 2,3-dihydrofuran with NBEs. 2,3-Dihydrofuran rapidly reacts with Grubbs catalyst to form a thermodynamically stable Ru Fischer carbene-the only detectable active Ru species during copolymerization-and the addition of NBEs becomes rate determining. This reactivity attenuates the NBE homoaddition and allows uniform incorporation of acid-degradable enol ether linkages throughout the copolymers, which enables complete polymer degradation while maintaining the favourable characteristics of living ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Copolymerization of 2,3-dihydrofuran with NBEs gives low dispersity polymers with tunable solubility, glass transition temperature and mechanical properties. These polymers can be fully degraded into small molecule or oligomeric species under mildly acidic conditions. This method can be readily adapted to traditional ring-opening metathesis polymerization of widely used NBEs to synthesize easily degradable polymers with tunable properties for various applications and for environmental sustainability.
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8
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Galkin KI, Ananikov VP. Intermolecular Diels-Alder Cycloadditions of Furfural-Based Chemicals from Renewable Resources: A Focus on the Regio- and Diastereoselectivity in the Reaction with Alkenes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11856. [PMID: 34769287 PMCID: PMC8584476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent strong trend toward green and sustainable chemistry has promoted the intensive use of renewable carbon sources for the production of polymers, biofuels, chemicals, monomers and other valuable products. The Diels-Alder reaction is of great importance in the chemistry of renewable resources and provides an atom-economic pathway for fine chemical synthesis and for the production of materials. The biobased furans furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, which can be easily obtained from the carbohydrate part of plant biomass, were recognized as "platform chemicals" that will help to replace the existing oil-based refining to biorefining. Diels-Alder cycloaddition of furanic dienes with various dienophiles represents the ideal example of a "green" process characterized by a 100% atom economy and a reasonable E-factor. In this review, we first summarize the literature data on the regio- and diastereoselectivity of intermolecular Diels-Alder reactions of furfural derivatives with alkenes with the aim of establishing the current progress in the efficient production of practically important low-molecular-weight products. The information provided here will be useful and relevant to scientists in many fields, including medical and pharmaceutical research, polymer development and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin I. Galkin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Functional Composite Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5/1, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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9
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Zhou M, Zou J, Liu L, Xiao X, Deng S, Wu Y, Xie J, Cong Z, Ji Z, Liu R. Synthesis of poly-α/β-peptides with tunable sequence via the copolymerization on N-carboxyanhydride and N-thiocarboxyanhydride. iScience 2021; 24:103124. [PMID: 34622171 PMCID: PMC8481979 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fascinating functions of proteins and peptides in biological systems have attracted intense interest to explore their mimics using polymers, including polypeptides synthesized from polymerization. The folding, structures and functions of proteins and polypeptides are largely dependent on their sequence. However, sequence-tunable polymerization for polypeptide synthesis is a long-lasting challenge. The application of polypeptides is also greatly hindered by their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. Although poly-α/β-peptide has proven to be an effective strategy to address the stability issue, the synthesis of poly-α/β-peptide from polymerization is not available yet. Hereby, we demonstrate a living and controlled copolymerization on α-NCA and β-NTA to prepare sequence-tunable poly-α/β-peptides. This polymerization strategy shows a prominent solvent-driven characteristic, providing random-like copolymers of poly-α/β-peptides in THF and block-like copolymers of poly-α/β-peptides in a mixed solvent of CHCl3/H2O (95/5, v/v), and opens new avenues for sequence-tunable polymerization and enables facile synthesis of proteolysis tunable poly-α/β-peptides for diverse applications. Realizing controlled synthesis of poly-α/β-peptides via one-pot polymerization Sequence-tunable copolymerization via solvent-dependent polymerization kinetics Adjustable proteolytic stability and antibacterial activity of poly-α/β-peptides Tunable self-assembly behavior of poly-α/β-peptides via one-pot polymerization
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jingcheng Zou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Longqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yueming Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zihao Cong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhemin Ji
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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10
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Boadi FO, Sampson NS. Gradient Copolymer Prepared from Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis of Three Monomers. Polym Chem 2021; 12:5613-5622. [PMID: 35480962 PMCID: PMC9038129 DOI: 10.1039/d1py00690h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide is a simple but highly strained olefin monomer which forms an alternating copolymer with cyclohexene in the presence of N-heterocyclic carbene-ruthenium catalyst. [4.2.0] moiety with bulky substituent on C7 that chelate with the ruthenium center of the catalyst propagate more slowly than monomers that cannot chelate. Accordingly, the reactivity ratio of N-propylbicyclo[4.2.0]oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide with cyclohexene is significantly higher than that of N-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethan)-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-6-ene-7-carboxamide with cyclohexene. A copolymerization involving the three monomers in a 1:1:2 (propyl:ethylene glycol:cyclohexene) molar ratio formed a gradient copolymer in a one-pot reaction. Surface hydrophobicity, topology, and thermal properties of the gradient copolymer were similar to those of a copolymer comprised of six microblocks prepared through multistep synthesis by alternately employing the same two bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-6-ene-7-carboxamides in each microblock. The properties of the gradient copolymer were distinct from a copolymer comprised of two larger blocks based on the same bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-6-ene-7-carboxamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O Boadi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Nicole S Sampson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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11
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Semghouli A, Benke Z, Remete AM, Novák TT, Fustero S, Kiss L. Selective Transformation of Norbornadiene into Functionalized Azaheterocycles and β-Amino Esters with Stereo- and Regiocontrol. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3873-3881. [PMID: 34498420 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Novel functionalized azaheterocycles with multiple chiral centers have been accessed from readily available norbornene β-amino acids or β-lactams across a stereocontrolled synthetic route, based on ring-opening metathesis (ROM) of the staring unsaturated bicyclic amino esters, followed by selective cyclization through ring-closing metathesis (RCM). The RCM transformations have been studied under various experimental conditions to assess the scope of conversion, catalyst, yield, and substrate influence. The structure of the starting norbornene β-amino acids predetermined the structure of the new azaheterocycles, and the developed synthetic route took place with the conservation of the configuration of the chiral centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Semghouli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Zsanett Benke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Attila M Remete
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Tamás T Novák
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Santos Fustero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Pharmacy Faculty, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720, Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
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12
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Benke Z, Remete AM, Kiss L. A study on selective transformation of norbornadiene into fluorinated cyclopentane-fused isoxazolines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2051-2066. [PMID: 34457076 PMCID: PMC8372314 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents an examination of the selective functionalization of norbornadiene through nitrile oxide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/ring-opening metathesis (ROM)/cross-metathesis (CM) protocols. Functionalization of commercially available norbornadiene provided novel bicyclic scaffolds with multiple stereogenic centers. The synthesis involved selective cycloadditions, with subsequent ROM of the formed cycloalkene-fused isoxazoline scaffolds and selective CM by chemodifferentiation of the olefin bonds of the resulting alkenylated derivatives. Various experimental conditions were applied for the CM transformations with the goal of exploring substrate and steric effects, catalyst influence and chemodifferentiation of the olefin bonds furnishing the corresponding functionalized, fluorine-containing isoxazoline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Benke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Attila M Remete
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary.,University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
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13
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Ravasco JMJM, Gomes RFA. Recent Advances on Diels-Alder-Driven Preparation of Bio-Based Aromatics. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3047-3053. [PMID: 34058082 PMCID: PMC8453924 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of high value-added chemicals from renewable resources is a crucial approach towards a sustainable economy. One prominent alternative to the production of petroleum-based chemicals from fossil resources is through the sequential Diels-Alder/aromatization reactions of biomass-derived furan platforms. This Concept is focused on the recent boom in bio-based furan DA strategies for aromatization of bio-based platform chemicals, particularly that of furfurals, ranging from indirect use and activation strategies to recent examples of direct DA reaction of these electron-withdrawing biomass-derived furans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao M. J. M. Ravasco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LisbonAvenida Professor Gama Pinto1649-003LisbonPortugal
| | - Rafael F. A. Gomes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of LisbonAvenida Professor Gama Pinto1649-003LisbonPortugal
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14
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Lee J, Kim H, Park H, Kim T, Hwang SH, Seo D, Chung TD, Choi TL. Universal Suzuki-Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polymerization for Precision Synthesis of Strong Donor/Acceptor-Based Conjugated Polymers and Their Sequence Engineering. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11180-11190. [PMID: 34264077 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst-transfer polymerization has revolutionized the field of polymer synthesis due to its living character, but for a given catalyst system, the polymer scope is rather narrow. Herein we report a highly efficient Suzuki-Miyaura catalyst-transfer polymerization (SCTP) that covers a wide range of monomers from electron-rich (donor, D) to electron-deficient (acceptor, A) (hetero)arenes by rationally designing boronate monomers and using commercially available Buchwald RuPhos and SPhos Pd G3 precatalysts. Initially, we optimized the controlled polymerization of 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT), benzotriazole (BTz), quinoxaline (QX), and 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (QXPh) by introducing new boronates, such as 4,4,8,8-tetramethyl-1,3,6,2-dioxazaborocane and its N-benzylated derivative, to modulate the reactivity and stability of the monomers. As a result, PProDOT, PBTz, PQX, and PQXPh were prepared with controlled molecular weight and narrow dispersity (Đ < 1.29) in excellent yield (>85%). A detailed investigation of the polymer structures using 1H NMR and MALDI-TOF spectrometry supported the chain-growth mechanism and the high initiation efficiency of the SCTP method. In addition, the use of RuPhos-Pd showing excellent catalyst-transfer ability on both D/A monomers led to unprecedented controlled D-A statistical copolymerization, thereby modulating the HOMO energy level (from -5.11 to -4.80 eV) and band gap energy (from 1.68 to 1.91 eV) of the resulting copolymers. Moreover, to demonstrate the living nature of SCTP, various combinations of D-A and A-A block copolymers (PBTz-b-PProDOT, PQX-b-PProDOT, and PQX-b-PBTz) were successfully prepared by the sequential addition method. Finally, simple but powerful one-shot D-A block copolymerization was achieved by maximizing the rate difference between a fast-propagating pinacol boronate donor and a slow-propagating acceptor to afford well-defined poly(3-hexylthiophene)-b-poly(benzotriazole).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daye Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Dong Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, 16229 Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Barther D, Moatsou D. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene-Based Monomers Obtained via the Passerini Three Component Reaction. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100027. [PMID: 33644929 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization is a robust method to synthesize a variety of polymers by using ring-strained molecules as monomers, e.g., norbornenes. However, the synthesis of monomers with multiple functional groups remains a challenge, albeit peptide functional norbornenes have previously been used. Here, the Passerini three component reaction is exploited to synthesize norbornenes with two variable functional groups varying in bulkiness and distance from the polymerizable alkene. The results indicate that the functional groups do not affect the kinetics of the polymerization, whereas the length of the linker has a minor effect. Furthermore, a diblock-type copolymer is synthesized in a one-pot fashion, also indicating good control of the polymerization process. The thermal properties of all polymers are evaluated, highlighting the effect of monomer composition. This synthetic approach can be transferred to a variety of compounds, thus promising highly diverse polymers with complex compositions and architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Barther
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Dafni Moatsou
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
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