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González JA, Arribas A, Tian P, Díaz-Alonso S, Mascareñas JL, López F, Nevado C. Gold(III) Auracycles Featuring C(sp 3)-Au-C(sp 2) Bonds: Synthesis and Mechanistic Insights into the Cycloauration Step. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402798. [PMID: 38776235 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The direct auration of arenes is a key step in numerous gold-catalyzed reactions. Although reported more than 100 years ago, understanding of its underlying mechanism has been hampered by the difficulties in the isolation of relevant intermediates given the propensity of gold(III) species to undergo reductive elimination. Here, we report the synthesis and isolation of a new family of intriguing zwitterionic [C(sp3)^C(sp2)]-auracyclopentanes, as well as of their alkyl-gold(III) precursors and demonstrate their value as mechanistic probes to study the C(sp2)-Au bond-forming event. Experimental investigations employing Kinetic Isotope Effects (KIE), Hammett plot, and Eyring analysis provided important insights into the formation of the auracycle. The data suggest a SEAr mechanism wherein the slowest step might be the π-coordination between the arene and the gold(III) center, en route to the Wheland intermediate. We also show that these auracyclopentanes can work as catalysts in several gold-promoted transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A González
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrés Arribas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Puyang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Díaz-Alonso
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 36680, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
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2
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Portugués A, Martínez-Nortes MÁ, Bautista D, González-Herrero P, Gil-Rubio J. Reductive Elimination Reactions in Gold(III) Complexes Leading to C(sp 3)-X (X = C, N, P, O, Halogen) Bond Formation: Inner-Sphere vs S N2 Pathways. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1708-1718. [PMID: 36658748 PMCID: PMC9890567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The reactions leading to the formation of C-heteroatom bonds in the coordination sphere of Au(III) complexes are uncommon, and their mechanisms are not well known. This work reports on the synthesis and reductive elimination reactions of a series of Au(III) methyl complexes containing different Au-heteroatom bonds. Complexes [Au(CF3)(Me)(X)(PR3)] (R = Ph, X = OTf, OClO3, ONO2, OC(O)CF3, F, Cl, Br; R = Cy, X = Me, OTf, Br) were obtained by the reaction of trans-[Au(CF3)(Me)2(PR3)] (R = Ph, Cy) with HX. The cationic complex cis-[Au(CF3)(Me)(PPh3)2]OTf was obtained by the reaction of [Au(CF3)(Me)(OTf)(PPh3)] with PPh3. Heating these complexes led to the reductive elimination of MeX (X = Me, Ph3P+, OTf, OClO3, ONO2, OC(O)CF3, F, Cl, Br). Mechanistic studies indicate that these reductive elimination reactions occur either through (a) the formation of tricoordinate intermediates by phosphine dissociation, followed by reductive elimination of MeX, or (b) the attack of weakly coordinating anionic (TfO- or ClO4-) or neutral nucleophiles (PPh3 or NEt3) to the Au-bound methyl carbon. The obtained results show for the first time that the nucleophilic substitution should be considered as a likely reductive elimination pathway in Au(III) alkyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Portugués
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-Nortes
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- ACTI,
Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Herrero
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Gil-Rubio
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain,
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Cadge JA, Gates PJ, Bower JF, Russell CA. Migratory Insertion of CO into a Au–C Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19719-19725. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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4
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Martín J, Gómez‐Bengoa E, Genoux A, Nevado C. Synthesis of Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes via Catalytic Rhodium to Gold(III) Transmetalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116755. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Martín
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Enrique Gómez‐Bengoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizabal 3 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Alexandre Genoux
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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5
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Martín J, Gómez‐Bengoa E, Genoux A, Nevado C. Synthesis of Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes via Catalytic Rhodium to Gold(III) Transmetalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Martín
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Enrique Gómez‐Bengoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Manuel Lardizabal 3 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Alexandre Genoux
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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Beucher H, Schörgenhumer J, Merino E, Nevado C. Chelation-assisted C-C bond activation of biphenylene by gold(i) halides. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15084-15089. [PMID: 34909149 PMCID: PMC8612398 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A chelation-assisted oxidative addition of gold(i) into the C-C bond of biphenylene is reported here. The presence of a coordinating group (pyridine, phosphine) in the biphenylene unit enabled the use of readily available gold(i) halide precursors providing a new, straightforward entry towards cyclometalated (N^C^C)- and (P^C)-gold(iii) complexes. Our study, combining spectroscopic and crystallographic data with DFT calculations, showcases the importance of neighboring, weakly coordinating groups towards the successful activation of strained C-C bonds by gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Beucher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH 8057 Switzerland
| | - Johannes Schörgenhumer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH 8057 Switzerland
| | - Estíbaliz Merino
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Andrés M. del Río (IQAR), Facultad de Farmacia Alcalá de Henares 28805 Madrid Spain.,Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9.100 28034 Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich CH 8057 Switzerland
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Rodriguez J, Tabey A, Mallet-Ladeira S, Bourissou D. Oxidative additions of alkynyl/vinyl iodides to gold and gold-catalyzed vinylation reactions triggered by the MeDalphos ligand. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7706-7712. [PMID: 34168822 PMCID: PMC8188461 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The hemilabile Ad2P(o-C6H4)NMe2 ligand promotes fast, quantitative and irreversible oxidative addition of alkynyl and vinyl iodides to gold. The reaction is general. It works with a broad range of substrates of various electronic bias and steric demand, and proceeds with complete retention of stereochemistry from Z and E vinyl iodides. Both alkynyl and vinyl iodides react faster than aryl iodides. The elementary step is amenable to catalysis. Oxidative addition of vinyl iodides to gold and π-activation of alkenols (and N-alkenyl amines) at gold have been combined to achieve hetero-vinylation reactions. A number of functionalized heterocycles, i.e. tetrahydrofuranes, tetrahydropyranes, oxepanes and pyrrolidines were obtained thereby (24 examples, 87% average yield). Taking advantage of the chemoselectivity for vinyl iodides over aryl iodides, sequential transformations involving first a hetero-vinylation step and then a C-N coupling, a C-C coupling or an heteroarylation were achieved from a vinyl/aryl bis-iodide substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Alexis Tabey
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS 118 route de Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse France
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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