1
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Pei J, Shang H, Mao J, Chen Z, Sui R, Zhang X, Zhou D, Wang Y, Zhang F, Zhu W, Wang T, Chen W, Zhuang Z. A replacement strategy for regulating local environment of single-atom Co-S xN 4-x catalysts to facilitate CO 2 electroreduction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:416. [PMID: 38195701 PMCID: PMC10776860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The performances of single-atom catalysts are governed by their local coordination environments. Here, a thermal replacement strategy is developed for the synthesis of single-atom catalysts with precisely controlled and adjustable local coordination environments. A series of Co-SxN4-x (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) single-atom catalysts are successfully synthesized by thermally replacing coordinated N with S at elevated temperature, and a volcano relationship between coordinations and catalytic performances toward electrochemical CO2 reduction is observed. The Co-S1N3 catalyst has the balanced COOH*and CO* bindings, and thus locates at the apex of the volcano with the highest performance toward electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO, with the maximum CO Faradaic efficiency of 98 ± 1.8% and high turnover frequency of 4564 h-1 at an overpotential of 410 mV tested in H-cell with CO2-saturated 0.5 M KHCO3, surpassing most of the reported single-atom catalysts. This work provides a rational approach to control the local coordination environment of the single-atom catalysts, which is important for further fine-tuning the catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Pei
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huishan Shang
- Energy & Catalysis Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junjie Mao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Rui Sui
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuejiang Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Danni Zhou
- Energy & Catalysis Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facilities, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Energy & Catalysis Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhongbin Zhuang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China.
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2
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Jiang W, Yang X, Lin L, Yan C, Zhao Y, Wang M, Shi Z. Merging Visible Light Photocatalysis and P(III)-Directed C-H Activation by a Single Catalyst: Modular Assembly of P-Alkyne Hybrid Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309709. [PMID: 37814137 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed C-H activation strategies provide an efficient approach for synthesis by minimizing atom, step, and redox economy. Developing milder, greener, and more effective protocols for these strategies is always highly desirable to the scientific community. In this study, the utilization of a single rhodium complex enabled the visible-light-induced late-stage C-H activation of biaryl-type phosphines with alkynyl bromides, employing inherent phosphorus atoms as directing groups. This chemistry combines P(III)-directed C-H activation with visible light photocatalysis, under exogenous photosensitizer-free conditions, offering a unique platform for ligand design and preparation. Furthermore, this study also explores the asymmetric catalysis and coordination chemistry of the resulting P-alkyne hybrid ligands with specific transition metals. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations demonstrate the mechanistic intricacies of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chaoguo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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3
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Yu IF, Wilson JW, Hartwig JF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Silylation and Borylation of C-H Bonds for the Synthesis and Functionalization of Complex Molecules. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11619-11663. [PMID: 37751601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of C-H bonds in organic molecules containing functional groups has been one of the holy grails of catalysis. One synthetically important approach to the diverse functionalization of C-H bonds is the catalytic silylation or borylation of C-H bonds, which enables a broad array of downstream transformations to afford diverse structures. Advances in both undirected and directed methods for the transition-metal-catalyzed silylation and borylation of C-H bonds have led to their rapid adoption in early-, mid-, and late-stage of the synthesis of complex molecules. In this Review, we review the application of the transition-metal-catalyzed silylation and borylation of C-H bonds to the synthesis of bioactive molecules, organic materials, and ligands. Overall, we aim to provide a picture of the state of art of the silylation and borylation of C-H bonds as applied to the synthesis and modification of diverse architectures that will spur further application and development of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac F Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jake W Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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4
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Li X, Wang X, Zhang J. Ruthenium-catalysed decarboxylative unsymmetric dual ortho-/ meta-C-H bond functionalization of arenecarboxylic acids. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5470-5476. [PMID: 37234909 PMCID: PMC10208063 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01226c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe a ruthenium-catalysed decarboxylative unsymmetric ortho-C-H azaarylation/meta-C-H alkylation via a traceless directing group relay strategy. The installation of a 2-pyridyl functionality via carboxyl directed ortho-C-H activation is critical to promote decarboxylation and enable meta-C-H bond alkylation to streamline the synthesis of 4-azaaryl-benzo-fused five-membered heterocycles. This protocol is characterized by high regio- and chemoselectivity, broad substrate scopes, and good functional group tolerance under redox-neutral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankai Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province 430072 China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province 430072 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province 430072 China
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5
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Docherty JH, Lister TM, Mcarthur G, Findlay MT, Domingo-Legarda P, Kenyon J, Choudhary S, Larrosa I. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation for the Formation of C-C Bonds in Complex Molecules. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37163671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Site-predictable and chemoselective C-H bond functionalization reactions offer synthetically powerful strategies for the step-economic diversification of both feedstock and fine chemicals. Many transition-metal-catalyzed methods have emerged for the selective activation and functionalization of C-H bonds. However, challenges of regio- and chemoselectivity have emerged with application to highly complex molecules bearing significant functional group density and diversity. As molecular complexity increases within molecular structures the risks of catalyst intolerance and limited applicability grow with the number of functional groups and potentially Lewis basic heteroatoms. Given the abundance of C-H bonds within highly complex and already diversified molecules such as pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials, design and selection of reaction conditions and tolerant catalysts has proved critical for successful direct functionalization. As such, innovations within transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization for the direct formation of carbon-carbon bonds have been discovered and developed to overcome these challenges and limitations. This review highlights progress made for the direct metal-catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions including alkylation, methylation, arylation, and olefination of C-H bonds within complex targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie H Docherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas M Lister
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Mcarthur
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Findlay
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Domingo-Legarda
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Kenyon
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Shweta Choudhary
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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6
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Dattatri, Kumar Reddy Singam M, Vavilapalli S, Babu Nanubolu J, Sridhar Reddy M. Propargyl Alcohols as Bifunctional Reagents for Divergent Annulations of Biphenylamines via Dual C-H Functionalization/Dual Oxidative Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215825. [PMID: 36583268 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The C-H functionalization strategy provides access to valuable molecules that previously required convoluted synthetic attempts. Dual C-H unsymmetrical functionalization, with a single bifunctional reagent, is an effective tactic. Propargyl alcohols (PAs), despite containing a reactive C≡C bond, have not been explored as building blocks via oxidative cleavage. Annulations via C-H activation are a versatile and synthetically attractive strategy. We disclose PA as a new bifunctional reagent for unsymmetrical dual C-H functionalization of biphenylamine for regioselectively annulated outcomes. On tuning the conditions, the annulation bifurcated towards an unusual dual oxidative cyclization. This method accommodates a wide range of PAs and showcases late-stage diversification of some natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatri
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Maneesh Kumar Reddy Singam
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Suresh Vavilapalli
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | - Maddi Sridhar Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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7
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Liu L, Fan X, Wang B, Deng H, Wang T, Zheng J, Chen J, Shi Z, Wang H. P
III
‐Directed Late‐Stage Ligation and Macrocyclization of Peptides with Olefins by Rhodium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206177. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Xinlong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Boning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Hong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Tianhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center of Nanjing University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University No. 163 Xianlin Ave Nanjing 210093 China
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8
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Palmese M, Pérez-Torrente JJ, Passarelli V. Cyclometalated iridium complexes based on monodentate aminophosphanes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12334-12351. [PMID: 35904083 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monodentate aminophosphanes HNP [NH(4-tolyl)PPh2] and SiMe3NP [SiMe3N(4-tolyl)PPh2] react with [Ir(μ-Cl)(cod)]2 affording tetra- or pentacoordinate complexes of formula [IrCl(L)n(cod)] (L = HNP, n = 1, 2; L = SiMe3NP, n = 1). The reaction of [IrCl(SiMe3NP)(cod)] with carbon monoxide smoothly renders [Ir(CO)3(SiMe3NP)2][IrCl2(CO)2]. The reaction of HNP or SiMe3NP with [Ir(CH3CN)2(cod)][PF6] yields the cyclometalated iridium(III)-hydride derivatives [IrH{κ2C,P-NR(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(cod)(CH3CN)][PF6] (R = H, SiMe3) as a result of the intramolecular oxidative addition of the tolyl C2-H bond to iridium. The straighforward formation of [IrH{κ2C,P-SiMe3N(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(cod)(CH3CN)]+ was observed when the reaction was monitored by NMR spectroscopy at 233 K, whereas a more complex reaction sequence was observed in the formation of [IrH{κ2C,P-NH(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(cod)(CH3CN)]+, including the formation of [IrH{κ2C,P-NH(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(HNP)(cod)]+ and [Ir(cod)(HNP)2]+. The "mixed" complex [IrH{κ2C,P-SiMe3N(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(HNP)(cod)]+ was obtained upon reaction of [IrH{κ2C,P-NH(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(cod)(CH3CN)][PF6] with SiMe3NP at 233 K. Finally, the reaction of [Ir(CH3CN)2(coe)2][PF6] with SiMe3NP or HNP resulted in the formation of [Ir(CH3CN)2(SiMe3NP)2][PF6] and [IrH{κ2C,P-NH(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(HNP)2(CH3CN)][PF6], respectively. Both the OC-6-35 and the OC-6-52 isomers of [IrH{κ2C,P-NH(4-C6H3CH3)PPh2}(HNP)2(CH3CN)]+ - featuring facial and meridional dispositions of the phosphorus atoms, respectively - were isolated depending on the reaction solvent. Several compounds described herein catalyse the dehydrogenation of formic acid in DMF, [IrCl(HNP)2(cod)] being the most active, with TOF1 min of about 2300 h-1 (5 mol% catalyst, 50 mol% sodium formate, DMF, 80 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Palmese
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Jesús J Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, ES-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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9
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LIU LEI, FAN XINLONG, WANG BONING, DENG HONG, WANG TIANHANG, ZHENG JIE, CHEN JUN, SHI ZHUANGZHI, Wang H. P(III)‐Directed Late‐Stage Ligation and Macrocyclization of Peptides with Olefins by Rhodium Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LEI LIU
- Nanjing University CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CHINA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - JUN CHEN
- Nanjing University CHEMISTRY CHINA
| | | | - Huan Wang
- Nanjing University Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 163 Xianlin Ave.Chemistry Building, E504 210023 Nanjing CHINA
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10
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Chen F, Zheng Y, Yang H, Yang Q, Wu L, Zhou N. Iron‐Catalyzed Silylation and Spirocyclization of Biaryl‐Ynones: A Radical Cascade Process toward Silylated Spiro[5.5]trienones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs Anyang Key Laboratory of New Functional Complex Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs Anyang Key Laboratory of New Functional Complex Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs Anyang Key Laboratory of New Functional Complex Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing‐Yun Yang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs Anyang Key Laboratory of New Functional Complex Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu‐Yan Wu
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs Anyang Key Laboratory of New Functional Complex Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anyang Normal University Anyang 455000 People's Republic of China
| | - Nengneng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 People's Republic of China
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11
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He Y, Huang Z, Wu K, Ma J, Zhou YG, Yu Z. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2759-2852. [PMID: 35297455 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
C-H functionalization has been emerging as a powerful method to establish carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Many efforts have been devoted to transition-metal-catalyzed direct transformations of C-H bonds. Metal carbenes generated in situ from transition-metal compounds and diazo or its equivalents are usually applied as the transient reactive intermediates to furnish a catalytic cycle for new C-C and C-X bond formation. Using this strategy compounds from unactivated simple alkanes to complex molecules can be further functionalized or transformed to multi-functionalized compounds. In this area, transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds has been paid continuous attention. Diverse catalyst design strategies, synthetic methods, and potential applications have been developed. This critical review will summarize the advance in transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds dated up to July 2021, by the categories of C-H bonds from aliphatic C(sp3)-H, aryl (aromatic) C(sp2)-H, heteroaryl (heteroaromatic) C(sp2)-H bonds, alkenyl C(sp2)-H, and alkynyl C(sp)-H, as well as asymmetric carbene insertion to C-H bonds, and more coverage will be given to the recent work. Due to the rapid development of the C-H functionalization area, future directions in this topic are also discussed. This review will give the authors an overview of carbene insertion chemistry in C-H functionalization with focus on the catalytic systems and synthetic applications in C-C bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Huang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Ma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengkun Yu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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12
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Martínez-Flores S, Mujica-Martinez CA, Polindara-García LA. Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C(sp2/sp3)‐H Arylation of Aryl‐glycinamide Derivatives Using Picolinamide as Directing Group. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martínez-Flores
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Instituto de Química Ciudad Universitaria 04310 Ciudad de Mexico MEXICO
| | | | - Luis Angel Polindara-García
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Chemistry Institute Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de Mexico MEXICO
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13
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Niu Y, Yan CX, Yang XX, Bai PB, Zhou PP, Yang SD. Solvent-controlled regioselective arylation of indoles and mechanistic explorations. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01454d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new reaction for the regioselective arylation of indoles at C2 or C3 positions achieved by adjusting the solvent and with P(O)tBu2 as an auxiliary group is reported. And the experimental results and DFT confirmed the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao-Xian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng-Bo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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14
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Lv J, Zhang XJ, Wang M, Zhao Y, Shi Z. BBr 3 -Mediated P(III)-Directed C-H Borylation of Phosphines. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104100. [PMID: 34878200 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H borylation has been widely used in the preparation of organoboron compounds. Here, we developed a general protocol on metal-free P(III)-directed C-H borylation of phosphines mediated by BBr3 , resulting in the formation of products bearing both phosphorus and boron. The development of the metal-free strategy to mimic previous metallic processes has shown low cost, superior practicality, and environmental friendliness. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate the preferred pathway for this metal-free directed C-H borylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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15
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Sheng Y, Gao Y, Duan B, Lv M, Chen Y, Yang M, Zhou J, Liang G, Song Z. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Direct C7‐Selective Alkenylation and Alkylation of Indoles with Maleimides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguang Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Zengqiang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325035 People's Republic of China
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16
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Prabagar B, Yang Y, Shi Z. Site-selective C-H functionalization to access the arene backbone of indoles and quinolines. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11249-11269. [PMID: 34486584 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00334d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective C-H bond functionalization of heteroarenes can eventually provide chemists with great techniques for editing and building complex molecular scaffolds. During the past decade, benzo-fused N-heterocycles such as indoles and quinolines have been among the most widely investigated organic templates. Early developments have led to site-selective C-H bond functionalization on the pyrrole and pyridine cores of indoles and quinolines; however, C-H functionalization on the benzenoid ring has remained a great challenge in catalysis. In this review, we elaborate on recent developments in the highly challenging functionalization of C-H bonds on the less-reactive benzenoid core of indoles and quinolines. These findings are mainly described as selective directing group assisted strategies, remote C-H functionalization techniques and their reaction mechanisms. The underlying principle in each strategy is elucidated, which aims to facilitate the design of a more advanced structure of heterocycles based on bioactive molecules, synthetic drugs, and material aspects. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives for catalytic C-H functionalization to access the arene backbone of indoles and quinolines are also proposed in the conclusion section.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Prabagar
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Youqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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17
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Kona CN, Nishii Y, Miura M. Sulfur-Directed C 7-Selective Alkenylation of Indoles under Rhodium Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:6252-6256. [PMID: 34351764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective direct functionalization of an indole benzenoid fragment has been a significant challenge because of its inherently lower reactivity. In this report, we introduce a Rh-catalyzed C7-selective alkenylation of indole derivatives using a new sulfur directing group N-SCy. A notable feature of this system is that the directing group is readily installed to the indoles and easily removed after the catalysis under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrababu Naidu Kona
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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18
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Carvalho RL, de Miranda AS, Nunes MP, Gomes RS, Jardim GAM, Júnior ENDS. On the application of 3d metals for C-H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1849-1938. [PMID: 34386103 PMCID: PMC8329403 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several valuable biologically active molecules can be obtained through C-H activation processes. However, the use of expensive and not readily accessible catalysts complicates the process of pharmacological application of these compounds. A plausible way to overcome this issue is developing and using cheaper, more accessible, and equally effective catalysts. First-row transition (3d) metals have shown to be important catalysts in this matter. This review summarizes the use of 3d metal catalysts in C-H activation processes to obtain potentially (or proved) biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Amanda S de Miranda
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mateus P Nunes
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto S Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centre for Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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19
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Pocock IA, Alotaibi AM, Jagdev K, Prior C, Burgess GR, Male L, Grainger RS. Direct formation of 4,5-disubstituted carbazoles via regioselective dilithiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7252-7255. [PMID: 34190745 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02892h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbazoles are widely exploited for their interesting photophysical and electronic properties, however bay (4,5-) functionalization is challenging, and previously inaccessible through carbazole C-H activation. We report a simple methodology which introduces a range of versatile 4,5-functionality, enabling the wider investigation of ring annulation and close proximity effects on carbazole properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Pocock
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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20
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Shi X, Wang Z, Li Y, Li X, Li X, Shi D. Palladium-Catalyzed Remote C-H Phosphonylation of Indoles at the C4 and C6 Positions by a Radical Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13871-13876. [PMID: 33851763 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed direct C-H activation of indole benzenoid moiety has been achieved in the past decade. However, palladium-catalyzed remote C-H activation of indoles is rare. Herein, we report a challenging palladium-catalyzed remote C4-H phosphonylation of indoles by a radical approach. The method provides access to a series of C4-phosphonylated indoles, including tryptophan and tryptophan-containing dipeptides, which are typically inaccessible by direct C4-H activation due to its heavy reliance on C3 directing groups. Notably, unexpected C6-phosphonylated indoles were obtained through blocking of the C4 position. The preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the reactions may proceed via a C7-palladacycle/remote-activation process. Based on the strategy, examples of remote C4-H difluoromethylation with BrCF2 COOEt are also presented, suggesting that the strategy may offer a general blueprint for other cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 168 Weihai Road, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
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21
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Shi X, Wang Z, Li Y, Li X, Li X, Shi D. Palladium‐Catalyzed Remote C−H Phosphonylation of Indoles at the C4 and C6 Positions by a Radical Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, and Marine Biotechnology Research Center Shandong University 72 Binhai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology 168 Weihai Road Qingdao 266237 Shandong P. R. China
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