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Wei C, Li L, Zheng Y, Wang L, Ma J, Xu M, Lin J, Xie L, Naumov P, Ding X, Feng Q, Huang W. Flexible molecular crystals for optoelectronic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3687-3713. [PMID: 38411997 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The cornerstones of the advancement of flexible optoelectronics are the design, preparation, and utilization of novel materials with favorable mechanical and advanced optoelectronic properties. Molecular crystalline materials have emerged as a class of underexplored yet promising materials due to the reduced grain boundaries and defects anticipated to provide enhanced photoelectric characteristics. An inherent drawback that has precluded wider implementation of molecular crystals thus far, however, has been their brittleness, which renders them incapable of ensuring mechanical compliance required for even simple elastic or plastic deformation of the device. It is perplexing that despite a plethora of reports that have in the meantime become available underpinning the flexibility of molecular crystals, the "discovery" of elastically or plastically deformable crystals remains limited to cases of serendipitous and laborious trial-and-error approaches, a situation that calls for a systematic and thorough assessment of these properties and their correlation with the structure. This review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of the current understanding of the origins of crystal flexibility, the working mechanisms of deformations such as plastic and elastic bending behaviors, and insights into the examples of flexible molecular crystals, specifically concerning photoelectronic changes that occur in deformed crystals. We hope this summary will provide a reference for future experimental and computational efforts with flexible molecular crystals aimed towards improving their mechanical behavior and optoelectronic properties, ultimately intending to advance the flexible optoelectronic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Jingyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Man Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Linghai Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE), Henan University, 379 Mingli Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, Skopje MK-1000, Macedonia
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Xuehua Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Quanyou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) and Henan Institute of Flexible Electronics (HIFE), Henan University, 379 Mingli Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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Xie Z, Liu D, Zhao Z, Gao C, Wang P, Jiang C, Liu X, Zhang X, Ren Z, Yan S, Hu W, Dong H. High Mobility Emissive Excimer Organic Semiconductor Towards Color-Tunable Light-Emitting Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319380. [PMID: 38246876 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) are highly integrated and minimized optoelectronic devices with significant potential superiority in smart displays and optical communications. To realize these various applications, it is urgently needed for color-tunable emission in OLETs, but remains a great challenge as a result of the difficulty for designing organic semiconductors simultaneously integrating high carrier mobility, strong solid-state emission, and the ability for potential tunable colors. Herein, a high mobility emissive excimer organic semiconductor, 2,7-di(2-anthryl)-9H-fluorene (2,7-DAF) was reasonably designed by introducing a rotatable carbon-carbon single bond connecting two anthracene groups at the 2,7-sites of fluorene, and the small torsion angles simultaneously guarantee effective conjugation and suppress fluorescence quenching. Indeed, the unique stable dimer arrangement and herringbone packing mode of 2,7-DAF single crystal enables its superior integrated optoelectronic properties with high carrier mobility of 2.16 cm2 ⋅ V-1 ⋅ s-1 , and strong excimer emission with absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 47.4 %. Furthermore, the voltage-dependent electrically induced color-tunable emission from orange to blue was also demonstrated for an individual 2,7-DAF single crystal based OLETs for the first time. This work opens the door for a new class of high mobility emissive excimer organic semiconductors, and provides a good platform for the study of color-tunable OLETs.
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Grants
- 2022YFB3603800, 2018YFA0703200 Ministry of Science and Technology
- 52233010, 52103245, 61890943, 22021002, 51725304 and 22305252 Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- YSBR-053 Training Program for Excellent Young Innovators of Changsha
- 2023YFB3609000, 2022YFB3603800, 2018YFA0703200 Ministry of Science and Technology of China
- 52233010, 52103245, 22021002, and 22305252 Natural Science Foundation of China
- YSBR-053 CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research
- BNLMS-CXXM-202012 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- 2023M733555 China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- GZB20230771 Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhennan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Can Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Pu Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuanxiu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Guo S, Jin X, Zhang D, Zhou H, Yu C, Huang J, Zhang Z, Su J. Exploring Efficient Dual-Phase Emissive Fluorophores with High Mobility by Integrating a Rigid Donor and Flexible Acceptor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:10407-10416. [PMID: 38365193 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Developing luminogens with a high emission efficiency in both single-molecule and aggregate states, as well as high mobility, shows promise for advancing the iteration and update of organic optoelectronic materials. However, achieving a delicate balance between the plane configuration of luminophores and the strong exciton interactions of aggregates is a formidable task from the molecular design perspective. This dilemma was overcome by integrating a rigid donor and flexible acceptor to establish donor-acceptor (D-A) type emitters. The π-conjugate-extended donor ensures the substantial planarity of these molecules, allowing strong emission in solution with photoluminescence quantum yield values of 86% and 75%. Furthermore, the restricted molecular motion of the aggregation-induced emission moiety and the formation of J-aggregates reduce the quenching effect, leading to a high emissive efficiency of 85% and 91% in the aggregate state. The mildly distorted D-A geometry builds moderate electrostatic interaction, resulting in high mobility with μM,h of 7.12 × 10-5 and 3.27 × 10-4 cm2/V s. Additionally, an improved synthesized procedure for terminal E-configured acrylonitrile with metal-free and concise reaction conditions is presented. The successful application of the synthesized compounds in organic light-emitting diode devices demonstrates the practicability of the molecular design strategy with connecting a rigid donor and flexible acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Daheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Shanghai Taoe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yu
- Shanghai Taoe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Jinhai Huang
- Shanghai Taoe Chemical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Su
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Gao C, Wang P, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xie W, Xu H, Dang Y, Liu D, Ren Z, Yan S, Wang Z, Hu W, Dong H. High Electron Mobility Hot-Exciton Induced Delayed Fluorescent Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217653. [PMID: 36631427 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is of great significance for the fabrication of miniaturized optoelectronic devices, such as organic light emitting transistors. However, great challenge exists in designing key materials, especially those who integrates triplet exciton utilization ability. Herein, dinaphthylanthracene diimides (DNADIs), with 2,6-extended anthracene donor, and 3'- or 4'-substituted naphthalene monoimide acceptors were designed and synthesized. By introducing acceptor-donor-acceptor structure, both materials show high electron mobility. Moreover, by fine-tuning of substitution sites, good integration with high solid state photoluminescence quantum yield of 26 %, high electron mobility of 0.02 cm2 V-1 s-1 , and the feature of hot-exciton induced delayed fluorescence were obtained in 4'-DNADI. This work opens a new avenue for developing high electron mobility emissive organic semiconductors with efficient utilization of triplet excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - C Gao
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - P Wang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Z Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - W Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - H Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Y Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - D Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - S Yan
- Department Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - W Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, 350207, China
| | - H Dong
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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5
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Gao C, Ni Z, Zhang X, Hu W, Dong H. Recent advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors and their multi-functional applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1331-1381. [PMID: 36723084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00720g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have received broad attention and research interest due to their unique integration of semiconducting properties with structural tunability, intrinsic flexibiltiy and low cost. In order to meet the requirements of organic electronic devices and their integrated circuits, p-type, n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors are all necessary. However, due to the limitation in both material synthesis and device fabrication, the development of n-type and ambipolar materials is quite behind that of p-type materials. Recent development in synthetic methods of organic semiconductors greatly enriches the range of n-type and ambipolar materials. Moreover, the newly developed materials with multiple functions also put forward multi-functional device applications, including some emerging research areas. In this review, we give a timely summary on these impressive advances in n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors with a special focus on their synthesis methods and advanced materials with enhanced properties of charge carrier mobility, integration of high mobility and strong emission and thermoelectric properties. Finally, multi-functional device applications are further demonstrated as an example of these developed n-type and ambipolar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongshuai Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Can Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Circularly polarized electroluminescence from a single-crystal organic microcavity light-emitting diode based on photonic spin-orbit interactions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:31. [PMID: 36596798 PMCID: PMC9810703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35745-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Circularly polarized (CP) electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has aroused considerable attention for their potential in future display and photonic technologies. The development of CP-OLEDs relies largely on chiral-emitters, which not only remain rare owing to difficulties in design and synthesis but also limit the performance of electroluminescence. When the polarization (pseudospin) degrees of freedom of a photon interact with its orbital angular momentum, photonic spin-orbit interaction (SOI) emerges such as Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) effect. Here, we demonstrate a chiral-emitter-free microcavity CP-OLED with a high dissymmetry factor (gEL) and high luminance by embedding a thin two-dimensional organic single crystal (2D-OSC) between two silver layers which serve as two metallic mirrors forming a microcavity and meanwhile also as two electrodes in an OLED architecture. In the presence of the RD effect, the SOIs in the birefringent 2D-OSC microcavity result in a controllable spin-splitting with CP dispersions. Thanks to the high emission efficiency and high carrier mobility of the OSC, chiral-emitter-free CP-OLEDs have been demonstrated exhibiting a high gEL of 1.1 and a maximum luminance of about 60000 cd/m2, which places our device among the best performing CP-OLEDs. This strategy opens an avenue for practical applications towards on-chip microcavity CP-OLEDs.
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Zhao Y, Wang W, He Z, Peng B, Di CA, Li H. High-performance and multifunctional organic field-effect transistors. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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8
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Liu D, Wu X, Gao C, Li C, Zheng Y, Li Y, Xie Z, Ji D, Liu X, Zhang X, Li L, Peng Q, Hu W, Dong H. Integrating Unexpected High Charge-Carrier Mobility and Low-Threshold Lasing Action in an Organic Semiconductor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200791. [PMID: 35298062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Integrating high charge-carrier mobility and low-threshold lasing action in an organic semiconductor is crucial for the realization of an electrically pumped laser, but remains a great challenge. Herein, we present an organic semiconductor, named as 2,7-di(2-naphthyl)-9H-fluorene (LD-2), which shows an unexpected high charge-carrier mobility of 2.7 cm2 V-1 s-1 and low-threshold lasing characteristic of 9.43 μJ cm-2 and 9.93 μJ cm-2 and high-quality factor (Q) of 2131 and 1684 at emission peaks of 420 and 443 nm, respectively. Detailed theoretical calculations and photophysical data analysis demonstrate that a large intermolecular transfer integral of 10.36-45.16 meV together with a fast radiative transition rate of 8.0×108 s-1 are responsible for the achievement of the superior integrated optoelectronic properties in the LD-2 crystal. These optoelectronic performances of LD-2 are among the highest reported low-threshold lasing organic semiconductors with efficient charge transport, suggesting its promise for research of electrically pumped organic lasers (EPOLs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianxin Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Can Gao
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yingshuang Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yang Li
- Normal College, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Ziyi Xie
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Deyang Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qian Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Liu D, Wu X, Gao C, Li C, Zheng Y, Li Y, Xie Z, Ji D, Liu X, Zhang X, Li L, Peng Q, Hu W, Dong H. Integrating unexpected high charge‐carrier mobility and low‐threshold lasing action in an organic semiconductor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of organic solids CHINA
| | - Xianxin Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CHINA
| | - Can Gao
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids CHINA
| | - Chenguang Li
- Henan University Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering ,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Nano Functional Materials and Applications CHINA
| | - yingshuang Zheng
- tian jin da xue: Tianjin University Tian jin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Department of Chemistry, Insititue of Molecular Aggregation Science CHINA
| | - Yang Li
- Shenyang University Normal College CHINA
| | - Ziyi Xie
- Institute of Chemistry CAS: Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids CHINA
| | - Deyang Ji
- Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectrinic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Aggregation Sciencs CHINA
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechlolgy CHINA
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry,Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science CHINA
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Mecular Optoelectronic Sciences,Deportment of Chemistry, Institute of Melecular Aggregation Science CHINA
| | - Qian Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer and Control Engineering: University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science and Technology School of Chemical Science CHINA
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University &Collaborative Innovation Center od Chemical Science and Enginering CHINA
| | - Huanli Dong
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of organic solids zhongguancun 100190 Beijing CHINA
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10
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Fang Y, Hou Y, Fu X, Wang X. Semiconducting Polymers for Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Light Illumination. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4204-4256. [PMID: 35025505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel has stimulated intensive scientific interest, as this technology has the potential to revolutionize fossil fuel-based energy systems in modern society. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) determines the performance of overall water splitting owing to its sluggish kinetics with multielectron transfer processing. Polymeric photocatalysts have recently been developed for the OER, and substantial progress has been realized in this emerging research field. In this Review, the focus is on the photocatalytic technologies and materials of polymeric photocatalysts for the OER. Two practical systems, namely, particle suspension systems and film-based photoelectrochemical systems, form two main sections. The concept is reviewed in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics, and polymeric photocatalysts are discussed based on three key characteristics, namely, light absorption, charge separation and transfer, and surface oxidation reactions. A satisfactory OER performance by polymeric photocatalysts will eventually offer a platform to achieve overall water splitting and other advanced applications in a cost-effective, sustainable, and renewable manner using solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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Sun X, Liao MY, Yu X, Wu YS, Zhong C, Chueh CC, Li Z, Li Z. An asymmetric 2,3-fluoranthene imide building block for regioregular semiconductors with aggregation-induced emission properties. Chem Sci 2022; 13:996-1002. [PMID: 35211264 PMCID: PMC8790796 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06807e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For organic semiconductors, the development of electron-deficient building blocks has lagged far behind that of the electron-rich ones. Moreover, it remains a significant challenge to design organic molecules with efficient charge transport and strong solid-state emission simultaneously. Herein, we describe a facile synthetic route toward a new π-acceptor imide building block, namely 2,3-fluoranthene imide, based on which four regioregular small molecules (F1–F4) are synthesized by tuning the imide orientations and the central linkage bridges. All molecules exhibit attractive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics with strong far-red emission in the powder state, and F3 shows the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 5.9%. F1 and F3 with a thiophene bridge present an obvious p-type characteristic, while for F3 with an outward imide orientation, the maximum hole mobility from a solution-processed field-effect transistor (FET) device reaches 0.026 cm2 V−1 s−1, being ∼104 times higher than the value of F1 with an inward imide orientation. By using a fluorinated thiophene bridge, the resulting F2 and F4 can be turned into n-type semiconductors, showing an electron mobility of ∼1.43 × 10−4 and ∼3.34 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. Our work not only demonstrates that asymmetric 2,3-fluoranthene imide is a promising building block for constructing organic materials with high carrier mobility and strong solid-state emission, but also highlights the importance of regioregular structures in the materials' properties. A new electron-deficient 2,3-fluoranthene imide unit was easily synthesized through a one-pot reaction for constructing small molecule regioregular semiconductors with good carrier transport ability and strong solid-state emission.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Ming-Yun Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Xinyu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Ying-Sheng Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
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Gao H, Miao Z, Hu W, Dong H. Research on Key Materials and Devices of Organic Light-emitting Transistors ※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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