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Zhao W, Zhu Q, Wu X, Zhao D. The development of catalysts and auxiliaries for the synthesis of covalent organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7531-7565. [PMID: 38895859 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00908d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently seen significant advancements. Large quantities of structurally & functionally oriented COFs with a wide range of applications, such as gas adsorption, catalysis, separation, and drug delivery, have been explored. Recent achievements in this field are primarily focused on advancing synthetic methodologies, with catalysts playing a crucial role in achieving highly crystalline COF materials, particularly those featuring novel linkages and chemistry. A series of reviews have already been published over the last decade, covering the fundamentals, synthesis, and applications of COFs. However, despite the pivotal role that catalysts and auxiliaries play in forming COF materials and adjusting their properties (e.g., crystallinity, porosity, stability, and morphology), limited attention has been devoted to these essential components. In this Critical Review, we mainly focus on the state-of-the-art progress of catalysts and auxiliaries applied to the synthesis of COFs. The catalysts include four categories: acid catalysts, base catalysts, transition-metal catalysts, and other catalysts. The auxiliaries, such as modulators, oxygen, and surfactants, are discussed as well. This is then followed by the description of several specific applications derived from the utilization of catalysts and auxiliaries. Lastly, a perspective on the major challenges and opportunities associated with catalysts and auxiliaries is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
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2
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Zhang J, Fu X, Qiu J, Wang C, Wang L, Feng J, Dong L, Long C, Wang X, Li D. Construction of High-Performance Anode of Potassium-Ion Batteries by Stripping Covalent Triazine Frameworks with Molten Salt. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401804. [PMID: 38924654 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are promising battery electrodes owing to their designable functional groups, tunable pore sizes, and exceptional stability. However, their practical use is limited because of the difficulty in establishing stable ion adsorption/desorption sites. In this study, a melt-salt-stripping process utilizing molten trichloro iron (FeCl3) is used to delaminate the layer-stacked structure of fluorinated covalent triazine framework (FCTF) and generate iron-based ion storage active sites. This process increases the interlayer spacing and uniformly deposits iron-containing materials, enhancing electron and ion transport. The resultant melt-FeCl3-stripped FCTF (Fe@FCTF) shows excellent performance as a potassium ion battery with a high capacity of 447 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and 257 mAh g-1 at 1.6 A g-1 and good cycling stability. Notably, molten-salt stripping is also effective in improving the CTF's Na+ and Li+ storage properties. A stepwise reaction mechanism of K/Na/Li chelation with C═N functional groups is proposed and verified by in situ X-ray diffraction testing (XRD), ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and theoretical calculations, illustrating that pyrazines and iron coordination groups play the main roles in reacting with K+/Na+/Li+ cations. These results conclude that the Fe@FCTF is a suitable anode material for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xuwang Fu
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jiacheng Qiu
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jianmin Feng
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Lei Dong
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Conglai Long
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Li
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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3
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Liu G, Liu S, Lai C, Qin L, Zhang M, Li Y, Xu M, Ma D, Xu F, Liu S, Dai M, Chen Q. Strategies for Enhancing the Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Efficiency of Covalent Triazine Frameworks for CO 2 Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307853. [PMID: 38143294 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into fuel and high-value-added chemicals is considered a green and effective way to solve global energy and environmental problems. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are extensively utilized as an emerging catalyst for photo/electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) recently recognized for their distinctive qualities, including excellent thermal and chemical stability, π-conjugated structure, rich nitrogen content, and a strong affinity for CO2, etc. Nevertheless, single-component CTFs have the problems of accelerated recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and restricted conductivity, which limit their application for photo/electrocatalytic CO2RR. Therefore, emphasis will then summarize the strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic and electrocatalytic efficiency of CTFs for CO2RR in this paper, including atom doping, constructing a heterojunction structure, etc. This review first illustrates the synthesis strategies of CTFs and the advantages of CTFs in the field of photo/electrocatalytic CO2RR. Subsequently, the mechanism of CTF-based materials in photo/electrocatalytic CO2RR is described. Lastly, the challenges and future prospects of CTFs in photo/electrocatalytic CO2RR are addressed, which offers a fresh perspective for the future development of CTFs in photo/electrocatalytic CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- College of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yixia Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Mengyi Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dengsheng Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Fuhang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
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4
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Kang H, Su B, Lei Z. Construction of Bimetallic-Anchored Two-Dimensional Nanosheets on COF for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16261-16270. [PMID: 38526992 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The preparation of carbon materials by doping bimetallic oxides into triazine frameworks (COFs) is a promising electrocatalyst with the potential to replace precious metals in energy storage systems. In this experiment, a covalent triazine framework (COF) was synthesized by 1,4-dicyanobenzene (DCB) and zinc chloride, in which the COF and transition metals were used as carbon, nitrogen, cobalt, and iron sources. According to the properties of this COF, the destruction of the catalyst during pyrolysis can be prevented. The enhanced catalytic performance of the catalysts can be seen by testing all of the samples of catalysts in an alkaline medium. The high half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.86 V is comparable to Pt/C and also shows excellent durability by testing. Zinc-air batteries were assembled using the prepared catalysts, and the batteries were tested for specific capacity (548 mAh g-1) and power density (189 mW cm-2). This work provides a new direction for COF-derived catalysts for carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Bitao Su
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
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5
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Zhuang R, Zhang X, Qu C, Xu X, Yang J, Ye Q, Liu Z, Kaskel S, Xu F, Wang H. Fluorinated porous frameworks enable robust anode-less sodium metal batteries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh8060. [PMID: 37774016 PMCID: PMC11090372 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh8060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Sodium metal batteries hold great promise for energy-dense and low-cost energy storage technology but are severely impeded by catastrophic dendrite issue. State-of-the-art strategies including sodiophilic seeding/hosting interphase design manifest great success on dendrite suppression, while neglecting unavoidable interphase-depleted Na+ before plating, which poses excessive Na use, sacrificed output voltage and ultimately reduced energy density. We here demonstrate that elaborate-designed fluorinated porous framework could simultaneously realize superior sodiophilicity yet negligible interphase-consumed Na+ for dendrite-free and durable Na batteries. As elucidated by physicochemical and theoretical characterizations, well-defined fluorinated edges on porous channels are responsible for both high affinities ensuring uniform deposition and low reactivity rendering superior Na+ utilization for plating. Accordingly, synergistic performance enhancement is achieved with stable 400 cycles and superior plateau to sloping capacity ratio in anode-free batteries. Proof-of-concept pouch cells deliver an energy density of 325 Watt-hours per kilogram and robust 300 cycles under anode-less condition, opening an avenue with great extendibility for the practical deployment of metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xiuhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Changzhen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosa Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU), Xi’an 710072, P. R. China
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6
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Tomer VK, Malik R, Tjong J, Sain M. State and future implementation perspectives of porous carbon-based hybridized matrices for lithium sulfur battery. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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7
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Wang H, Wang G, Hu L, Ge B, Yu X, Deng J. Porous Polymer Materials for CO 2 Capture and Electrocatalytic Reduction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1630. [PMID: 36837258 PMCID: PMC9967298 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Efficient capture of CO2 and its conversion into other high value-added compounds by electrochemical methods is an effective way to reduce excess CO2 in the atmosphere. Porous polymeric materials hold great promise for selective adsorption and electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 due to their high specific surface area, tunable porosity, structural diversity, and chemical stability. Here, we review recent research advances in this field, including design of porous organic polymers (POPs), porous coordination polymers (PCPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and functional nitrogen-containing polymers for capture and electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. In addition, key issues and prospects for the optimal design of porous polymers for future development are elucidated. This review is expected to shed new light on the development of advanced porous polymer electrocatalysts for efficient CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Genyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingcheng Ge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaojiao Deng
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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8
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Luo XX, Wang XT, Ang EH, Zhang KY, Zhao XX, Lü HY, Wu XL. Advanced Covalent Organic Frameworks for Multi-Valent Metal Ion Batteries. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202723. [PMID: 36250748 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have received increased interest in recent years as an advanced class of materials. By virtue of the available monomers, multiple conformations and various linkages, COFs offer a wide range of opportunities for complex structural design and specific functional development of materials, which has facilitated the widespread application in many fields, including multi-valent metal ion batteries (MVMIBs), described as the attractive candidate replacing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). With their robust skeletons, diverse pores, flexible structures and abundant functional groups, COFs are expected to help realize a high performance MVMIBs. In this review, we present an overview of COFs, describe advances in topology design and synthetic reactions, and study the application of COFs in MVMIBs, as well as discuss challenges and solutions in the preparation of COFs electrodes, in the hope of providing constructive insights into the future direction of COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xi Luo
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Edison Huixiang Ang
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637616, Singapore
| | - Kai-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lü
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Long Wu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China.,MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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Liu M, Deng WH, Wang X, Liu J, Jin S, Xu G, Tan B. Hydrogen Bond Activation by Pyridinic Nitrogen for the High Proton Conductivity of Covalent Triazine Framework Loaded with H 3 PO 4. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201298. [PMID: 36184870 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Under high temperature anhydrous conditions, it is still a formidable challenge to improve the performance of proton-conducting materials based on H3 PO4 and elucidate its proton conduction mechanism. Herein, a highly stable covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) based on H3 PO4 is reported. The more pyridinic nitrogen CTFs contain, the higher proton conductivity is. Compared with H3 PO4 @CTF-L with less pyridinic nitrogen, H3 PO4 @CTF-H has a higher proton conductivity of 1.6×10-1 S cm-1 at 150 °C under anhydrous conditions, which does not decay after about 18 months exposure in air. The high proton conductivity is associated with the formation and breaking of the activated Ntriazine ⋯H+ ⋯H2 PO4 - pairs by pyridinic nitrogen of CTFs. The outstanding long-term stability is mainly attributed to the ultra-strong triazine skeleton structure of CTFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan, 461000, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shangbin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bien Tan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
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10
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Li WB, Cheng YZ, Yang DH, Liu YW, Han BH. Fluorine-Containing Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Application. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022:e2200778. [PMID: 36404104 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a type of crystalline porous polymers that possess ordered structures and eternal pores. Because of their unique structural characteristics and diverse functional groups, COFs have been used in various application fields, such as adsorption, catalysis, separation, ion conduction, and energy storage. Among COFs, the fluorine-containing COFs (fCOFs) have been developed for special applications by virtue of special physical and chemical properties resulting from fluorine element, which is a nonmetallic halogen element and possesses strong electronegativity. In the organic chemistry field, introducing fluorine into chemicals enables those chemicals to exhibit many interesting properties, and fluorine chemistry increasingly plays an important role in the history of chemical development. The introduction of fluorine in COFs can enhance the crystallinity, porosity, and stability of COFs, making COFs having superior performances and some new applications. In this review, the synthesis and application of fCOFs are systematically summarized. The application involves photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide, photocatalytic water splitting, electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, adsorption for different substances (H2 , pesticides, per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, bisphenols, and positively charged organic dye molecules), oil-water separation, energy storage (e.g., zinc-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries), and proton conduction. Perspectives of remaining challenges and possible directions for fCOFs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Hebei Province, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuan-Zhe Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dong-Hui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yu-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Hebei Province, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Bao-Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Chowdhury A, Bhattacharjee S, Chatterjee R, Bhaumik A. A new nitrogen rich porous organic polymer for ultra-high CO2 uptake and as an excellent organocatalyst for CO2 fixation reactions. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Zhang F, Wang P, Zhao R, Wang Y, Wang J, Han B, Liu Z. Tuning d-Band Structure of Cu II in Coordinated Polymer via d-π Conjugation for Improving CO 2 Electroreduction Selectivity toward C 2 Products. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201267. [PMID: 35934674 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper-coordinated catalysts are reported to be effective for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) to C2 products but suffer from low selectivity. Herein a strategy was developed to tune the d-band structure of CuII via coordinating with aromatic ligands to form Cu-based conjugated polymers for CO2 RR to C2 chemicals. The catalysts derived from copper chloride coordinating with tetraminobenzoquinone (TABQ) and with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine possessed high-density and compact Cu single-atom sites and displayed high activity for CO2 RR to C2 products. Especially, Cu-TABQ exhibited a maximum C2 faradaic efficiency of 63.2 % with a current density of 423 mA cm-2 at -1.17 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode). Density functional theory calculations indicated that the TABQ linker possessing C=O groups significantly widened the d-band of coordinated CuII , which facilitated binding of *CO intermediate on the catalyst and thus enhanced C-C coupling. This work provides mechanistic insight into the CuII -coordinated polymers for CO2 RR with high selectivity toward C2 products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2 north 1st street, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, No.46 Jianshe street, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Runyao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2 north 1st street, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yiding Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2 north 1st street, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianji Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, No.46 Jianshe street, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2 north 1st street, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2 north 1st street, 100190, Beijing, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19 Yuquan road, 100049, Beijing, P. R. China
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13
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Qiu LQ, Yang ZW, Yao X, Li XY, He LN. Highly Robust Rhenium(I) Bipyridyl Complexes Containing Dipyrromethene-BF 2 Chromophores for Visible Light-Driven CO 2 Reduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200337. [PMID: 35470575 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
New rhenium bipyridyl complexes with dipyrromethene-BF2 chromophores (A-ReBDP-CZ, A-ReBDP2 , ReBDP-CZ, and ReBDP2 ) were developed for highly efficient photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction to carbon monoxide (CO). These catalysts consisted of two moderate electron-deficient groups (dipyrromethene-BF2 , BDP) as the visible-light-harvesting antenna as well as both electron donor (N-phenylcarbazole, CZ) and acceptor (BDP) on Re bipyridyl framework. Among ReBDP-CZ and ReBDP2 complexes, the ReBDP2 incorporating two electron-deficient BDP chromophores had a longer-lived photoexcited state (182.4 μs) and a twofold enhanced molar absorption coefficient (ϵ=157000 m-1 cm-1 ) compared with ReBDP-CZ. Thus, ReBDP2 achieved the superior photocatalytic reactivity and stability with a CO turnover number (TONCO ) value as high as 1323 and quantum yield (ΦCO ) up to 55 %, which was the most excellent photocatalysis efficiency among the single-active-site Re catalysts without additional photosensitizer. Furthermore, the acetylene-bridged linker was detrimental to the photoactivity and durability of the catalyst. In brief, two BDP-based Re bipyridyl systems with outstanding catalytic performance and significant visible-light-harvesting capabilities in the solar spectrum offer a promising strategy for solar-to-fuel conversion schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qi Qiu
- Department State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wen Yang
- Department State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Yao
- Department State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yang Li
- Department State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian He
- Department State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, P. R. China
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14
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Jiang K, Peng P, Tranca D, Tong G, Ke C, Lu C, Hu J, Liang H, Li J, Zhou S, Kymakis E, Zhuang X. Covalent Triazine Frameworks and Porous Carbons: Perspective from an Azulene-Based Case. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200392. [PMID: 35678742 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are among the most valuable frameworks owing to many fantastic properties. However, molten salt-involved preparation of CTFs at 400-600 °C causes debate on whether CTFs represent organic frameworks or carbon. Herein, new CTFs based on the 1,3-dicyanoazulene monomer (CTF-Azs) are synthesized using molten ZnCl2 at 400-600 °C. Chemical structure analysis reveals that the CTF-Az prepared at low temperature (400 °C) exhibits polymeric features, whereas those prepared at high temperatures (600 °C) exhibit typical carbon features. Even after being treated at even higher temperatures, the CTF-Azs retain their rich porosity, but the polymeric features vanish. Although structural de-conformation is a widely accepted outcome in polymer-to-carbon rearrangement processes, the study evaluates such processes in the context of CTF systems. A proof-of-concept study is performed, observing that the as-synthesized CTF-Azs exhibit promising performance as cathodes for Li- and K-ion batteries. Moreover, the as-prepared NPCs exhibit excellent catalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance; hence, they can be used as air cathodes in Zn-air batteries. This study not only provides new building blocks for novel CTFs with controllable polymer/carbon features but also offers insights into the formation and structure transformation history of CTFs during thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Jiang
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peipei Peng
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Diana Tranca
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gangsheng Tong
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Changchun Ke
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chenbao Lu
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Haiwei Liang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiantong Li
- School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Electrum 229, Kista, 16440, Sweden
| | - Shengqiang Zhou
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Kymakis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, Heraklion, 71410, Greece
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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15
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Giri A, Patra A. Porous Organic Polymers: Promising Testbed for Heterogeneous Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Photocatalysis and Nonredox CO 2 Fixation. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200071. [PMID: 35675959 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Catalysts play a pivotal role in achieving the global need for food and energy. In this context, porous organic polymers (POPs) with high surface area, robust architecture, tunable pore size, and chemical functionalities have emerged as promising testbeds for heterogeneous catalysis. Amorphous POPs having functionalized interconnected hierarchical porous structures activate a diverse range of substrates through covalent/non-covalent interactions or act as a host matrix to encapsulate catalytically active metal centers. On the other hand, conjugated POPs have been explored for photoinduced chemical transformations. In this personal account, we have delineated the evolution of various POPs and the specific role of pores and pore functionalities in heterogeneous catalysis. Subsequently, we retrospect our journey over the last ten years towards designing and fabricating amorphous POPs for heterogeneous catalysis, specifically photocatalytic reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated organic transformations and nonredox chemical fixation of CO2 . We have also outlined some of the future avenues of POPs and POP-based hybrid materials for diverse catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkaprabha Giri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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16
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Wang H, Yang C, Chen F, Zheng G, Han Q. A Crystalline Partially Fluorinated Triazine Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202328. [PMID: 35229432 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A partially fluorinated, metal-free, imine-linked two-dimensional triazine covalent organic framework (TF50 -COF) photocatalyst was developed. Fluorine (F)-substituted and nonsubstituted units were integrated in equimolar amounts on the edge aromatic units, where they mediated two-electron O2 photoreduction. F-substitution created an abundance of Lewis acid sites, which regulated the electronic distribution of adjacent carbon atoms and provided highly active sites for O2 adsorption, and widened the visible-light-responsive range of the catalyst, while enhancing charge separation. Varying the proportion of F maximized the interlayer interactions of TF50 -COF, resulting in improved crystallinity with faster carrier transfer and robust photostability. The TF50 -COF catalyst demonstrates high selectivity and stability in O2 photoreduction into H2 O2 , with a high H2 O2 yield rate of 1739 μmol h-1 g-1 and a remarkable apparent quantum efficiency of 5.1 % at 400 nm, exceeding the performance of previously reported nonmetal COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fangshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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17
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He Z, Goulas J, Parker E, Sun Y, Zhou XD, Fei L. Review on covalent organic frameworks and derivatives for electrochemical and photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Chen H, Suo X, Yang Z, Dai S. Graphitic Aza-Fused π-Conjugated Networks: Construction, Engineering, and Task-Specific Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107947. [PMID: 34739143 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2D π-conjugated networks linked by aza-fused units represent a pivotal category of graphitic materials with stacked nanosheet architectures. Extensive efforts have been directed at their fabrication and application since the discovery of covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs). Besides the triazine cores, tricycloquinazoline and hexaazatriphenylene linkages are further introduced to tailor the structures and properties. Diverse related materials have been developed rapidly, and a thorough outlook is necessitated to unveil the structure-property-application relationships across multiple subcategories, which is pivotal to guide the design and fabrication toward enhanced task-specific performance. Herein, the structure types and development of related materials including CTFs, covalent quinazoline networks, and hexaazatriphenylene networks, are introduced. Advanced synthetic strategies coupled with characterization techniques provide powerful tools to engineer the properties and tune the associated behaviors in corresponding applications. Case studies in the areas of gas adsorption, membrane-based separation, thermo-/electro-/photocatalysis, and energy storage are then addressed, focusing on the correlation between structure/property engineering and optimization of the corresponding performance, particularly the preferred features and strategies in each specific field. In the last section, the underlying challenges and opportunities in construction and application of this emerging and promising material category are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xian Suo
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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19
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Wang H, Yang C, Chen F, Zheng G, Han Q. A Crystalline Partially Fluorinated Triazine Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Fangshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Gengfeng Zheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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