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Grecchi S, Bonczak B, Malacarne F, Salinas G, Cirilli R, Arnaboldi S. Wireless asymmetric umpolung electrosynthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38979647 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02406k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Electroorganic synthesis has become an exciting tool for the asymmetric conversion of pro-chiral compounds. Herein, we introduced a wireless methodology based on bipolar electrochemistry in synergy with the enantioselective capabilities of inherently chiral oligomers to induce an umpolung chirality transfer. This was exemplified by the electro-conversion of a racemic mixture of lansoprazole to an enantio-enriched solution of a single antipode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grecchi
- Dip. Di Chimica, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Gerardo Salinas
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Roberto Cirilli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Centro Nazionale per il Controllo e la Valutazione dei Farmaci, Rome, Italy
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Liu H, Sun R, Yang Y, Zhang C, Zhao G, Zhang K, Liang L, Huang X. Review on Microreactors for Photo-Electrocatalysis Artificial Photosynthesis Regeneration of Coenzymes. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:789. [PMID: 38930759 PMCID: PMC11205774 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, with the outbreak of the global energy crisis, renewable solar energy has become a focal point of research. However, the utilization efficiency of natural photosynthesis (NPS) is only about 1%. Inspired by NPS, artificial photosynthesis (APS) was developed and utilized in applications such as the regeneration of coenzymes. APS for coenzyme regeneration can overcome the problem of high energy consumption in comparison to electrocatalytic methods. Microreactors represent a promising technology. Compared with the conventional system, it has the advantages of a large specific surface area, the fast diffusion of small molecules, and high efficiency. Introducing microreactors can lead to more efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly coenzyme regeneration in artificial photosynthesis. This review begins with a brief introduction of APS and microreactors, and then summarizes research on traditional electrocatalytic coenzyme regeneration, as well as photocatalytic and photo-electrocatalysis coenzyme regeneration by APS, all based on microreactors, and compares them with the corresponding conventional system. Finally, it looks forward to the promising prospects of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Rui Sun
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Biosemiconductors, Xiangfu Laboratory, Jiashan 314102, China;
| | - Yujing Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chuanhao Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gaozhen Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Kaihuan Zhang
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
| | - Lijuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China; (H.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.Z.); (G.Z.)
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Gao R, Beladi-Mousavi M, Salinas G, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Synthesis of Multi-Functional Graphene Monolayers via Bipolar Electrochemistry. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400257. [PMID: 38757220 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Graphene has gained substantial research interest in many fields due to its remarkable properties among many other two-dimensional materials. In this study, we propose a wireless electrochemical approach, bipolar electrochemistry, for the precise modification of single layers of graphene at predefined locations, such as distinct edges or corners, with a variety of metals or polymers, thus enabling the elaboration of multi-functional monolayer graphene sheets. We illustrate the concept e. g. by depositing multiple metals, or platinum and a catalyst-containing porous polymer on the same graphene sheet, but at separate corners. This configuration allows activating chemiluminescence on the polymer spot, and simultaneously generates the driving force for autonomous motion on the Pt side through the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen bubbles. This integration of different chemical features on the same object, exemplified by these proof-of-principle experiments, enhances the functionality of two-dimensional materials, paving the way for the use of these hybrid materials for a variety of applications, ranging from sensing and catalysis to targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchao Gao
- Henan University, Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, 475000, Kaifeng, China
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | | | - Gerardo Salinas
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Lin Zhang
- Henan University, Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, 475000, Kaifeng, China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Henan University, Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, 475000, Kaifeng, China
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
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Gao R, Beladi-Mousavi SM, Salinas G, Garrigue P, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Spatial Precision Tailoring the Catalytic Activity of Graphene Monolayers for Designing Janus Swimmers. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8180-8185. [PMID: 37642420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphene monolayers have interesting applications in many fields due to their intrinsic physicochemical properties, especially when they can be postmodified with high precision. Herein, we describe the highly site-selective functionalization of freestanding graphene monolayers with platinum (Pt) clusters by bipolar electrochemistry. The deposition of such metal spots leads to catalytically active hybrid two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. Their catalytic functionality is illustrated by the spatially controlled decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, inducing motion at the water/air interface due to oxygen bubble evolution. A series of such 2D Janus structures with Pt deposition at predefined positions (corners and edges) is studied with respect to the generation of autonomous motion. The type and speed of motion can be fine-tuned by controlling the deposition time and location of the Pt clusters. These proof-of-principle experiments indicate that this type of hybrid 2D object opens up interesting perspectives in terms of applications, such as environmental detection or remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchao Gao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, 475000 Kaifeng, China
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607 Pessac, France
| | | | - Gerardo Salinas
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Garrigue
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, 475000 Kaifeng, China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, 475000 Kaifeng, China
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607 Pessac, France
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Bai S, You Y, Chen X, Liu C, Wang L. Monitoring Bipolar Electrochemistry and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of a Single Gold Microparticle under Sub-Micropipette Confinement. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2054-2061. [PMID: 36625753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an approach to track the process of autorepeating bipolar reactions and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on a micro gold bipolar electrode (BPE) is established. Once blocking the channel of the sub-micropipette tip, the formed gold microparticle is polarized into the wireless BPE, which induces the dissolution of the gold at the anode and the HER at the cathode. The current response shows a periodic behavior with three regions: the bubble generation region (I), the bubble rupture/generation region (II), and the channel opening region (III). After a stable low baseline current of region I, a series of positive spike signals caused by single H2 nanobubbles rupture/generation are recorded standing for the beginning of region II. Meanwhile, the dissolution of the gold blocking at the orifice will create a new channel, increasing the baseline current for region III, where the synthesis of gold occurs again, resulting in another periodic response. Finite element simulations are applied to unveil the mechanism thermodynamically. In addition, the integral charge of the H2 nanobubbles in region II corresponds to the consumption of the anode gold. It simultaneously monitors autorepeating bipolar reactions of a single gold microparticle and HER of a single H2 nanobubble electrochemically, which reveals an insightful physicochemical mechanism in nanoscale confinement and makes the glass nanopore an ideal candidate to further reveal the heterogeneity of catalytic capability at the single particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
| | - Yongtao You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
| | - Xiangping Chen
- Jewelry Institute, Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, Guangzhou511483, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China
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Fattah ZA. Efficient Removal of Mercury from Polluted Aqueous Solutions Using the Wireless Bipolar Electrochemistry Technique. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200231. [PMID: 36541655 PMCID: PMC9769084 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mercury represents one of the major toxic pollutants in water that affect human and ecosystem. Extensive efforts have been globally invested to remove mercury using various chemical and electrochemical approaches. In this study, I propose the use of bipolar electrochemistry for the first time for mercury depollution process. Mercury(II) is removed from aqueous solutions by direct electrodeposition on millimeter scale graphite rods held in a bipolar setup. By adjusting the strength of the applied electric field and the number of the graphite rods the efficiency of the system can be controlled. This wireless technique allows the use of multiple graphite rod arrays within the bulk cell which resulted in high removal efficiency (98 %) of Hg2+ ions from the polluted solution. The method is straightforward, green, and efficient. The concept can be adapted to remove other heavy metal ions or electrochemically active contaminants from polluted water as long as their reduction potentials are within the water stability window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ali Fattah
- Chemistry DepartmentDuhok UniversityZakho Street 381006AJ Duhok Kurdistan RegionIraq
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Li W, Zhang C, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Zhang L, Kuhn A. Fine-Tuning the Electrocatalytic Regeneration of NADH Cofactor Using [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl] +-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46673-46681. [PMID: 36215128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical regeneration of the reduced form of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) cofactor catalyzed by immobilized [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ is a promising approach for the enzymatic synthesis of many valuable chemicals with NAD-dependent dehydrogenases. However, rational control of the efficiency is often limited by the irregular structure of the electrode/electrolyte interface and the accessibility of the molecular catalyst. Here, we propose an electrochemical system for NADH cofactor regeneration, based on highly ordered three- dimensional (3D) metal-organic framework (NU-1000) films. [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ is incorporated at the zirconium nodes of NU-1000 via solvent-assisted ligand incorporation (SALI), leading to a diffusion-controlled behavior, associated with an electron hopping mechanism. Varying the ratio of redox-active [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)Cl]+ and inactive postgrafting agents enables the elaboration of functional electrodes with tunable electrocatalytic activity for NADH regeneration. The exceptionally high faradic efficiency of 97%, associated with a very high turnover frequency (TOF) of ∼1400 h-1 for NADH regeneration, and the total turnover number (TTN) of over 20000 for the enzymatic conversion from pyruvate to l-lactate, when coupled with l-lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) as a model reaction, open up promising perspectives for employing these electrodes in various alternative bioelectrosynthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Ziman Zheng
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM UMR 5255, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33400, France
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Wang M, Zhao Z, Li C, Li H, Liu J, Yang Q. Synergy of metal nanoparticles and organometallic complex in NAD(P)H regeneration via relay hydrogenation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5699. [PMID: 36171210 PMCID: PMC9519545 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Most, if not all, of the hydrogenation reactions are catalyzed by organometallic complexes (M) or heterogeneous metal catalysts, but to improve both the activity and selectivity simultaneously in one reaction via a rational combination of the two types of catalysts remains largely unexplored. In this work, we report a hydrogenation mode though H species relay from supported metal nanoparticles (NPs) to M, where the former is responsible for H2 dissociation, and M is for further hydride transferring to reactants. The synergy between metal NPs and M yields an efficient NAD(P)H regeneration system with >99% selectivity and a magnitude higher activity than the corresponding metal NPs and M. The modularizing of hydrogenation reaction into hydrogen activation with metal NPs and substrate activation with metal complex paves a new way to rationally address the challenging hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Chunzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
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