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Chaumeil MM, Bankson JA, Brindle KM, Epstein S, Gallagher FA, Grashei M, Guglielmetti C, Kaggie JD, Keshari KR, Knecht S, Laustsen C, Schmidt AB, Vigneron D, Yen YF, Schilling F. New Horizons in Hyperpolarized 13C MRI. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:222-232. [PMID: 38147265 PMCID: PMC10972948 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization techniques significantly enhance the sensitivity of magnetic resonance (MR) and thus present fascinating new directions for research and applications with in vivo MR imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S). Hyperpolarized 13C MRI/S, in particular, enables real-time non-invasive assessment of metabolic processes and holds great promise for a diverse range of clinical applications spanning fields like oncology, neurology, and cardiology, with a potential for improving early diagnosis of disease, patient stratification, and therapy response assessment. Despite its potential, technical challenges remain for achieving clinical translation. This paper provides an overview of the discussions that took place at the international workshop "New Horizons in Hyperpolarized 13C MRI," in March 2023 at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Munich, Germany. The workshop covered new developments, as well as future directions, in topics including polarization techniques (particularly focusing on parahydrogen-based methods), novel probes, considerations related to data acquisition and analysis, and emerging clinical applications in oncology and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - James A Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua D Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Christoffer Laustsen
- The MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Daniel Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wodtke P, Grashei M, Schilling F. Quo Vadis Hyperpolarized 13C MRI? Z Med Phys 2023:S0939-3889(23)00120-4. [PMID: 38160135 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, hyperpolarized 13C MRI has gained significance in both preclinical and clinical studies, hereby relying on technologies like PHIP-SAH (ParaHydrogen-Induced Polarization-Side Arm Hydrogenation), SABRE (Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange), and dDNP (dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization), with dDNP being applied in humans. A clinical dDNP polarizer has enabled studies across 24 sites, despite challenges like high cost and slow polarization. Parahydrogen-based techniques like SABRE and PHIP offer faster, more cost-efficient alternatives but require molecule-specific optimization. The focus has been on imaging metabolism of hyperpolarized probes, which requires long T1, high polarization and rapid contrast generation. Efforts to establish novel probes, improve acquisition techniques and enhance data analysis methods including artificial intelligence are ongoing. Potential clinical value of hyperpolarized 13C MRI was demonstrated primarily for treatment response assessment in oncology, but also in cardiology, nephrology, hepatology and CNS characterization. In this review on biomedical hyperpolarized 13C MRI, we summarize important and recent advances in polarization techniques, probe development, acquisition and analysis methods as well as clinical trials. Starting from those we try to sketch a trajectory where the field of biomedical hyperpolarized 13C MRI might go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Wodtke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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Yeste J, Azagra M, Ortega MA, Portela A, Matajsz G, Herrero-Gómez A, Kim Y, Sriram R, Kurhanewicz J, Vigneron DB, Marco-Rius I. Parallel detection of chemical reactions in a microfluidic platform using hyperpolarized nuclear magnetic resonance. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4950-4958. [PMID: 37906028 PMCID: PMC10661666 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00474k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of NMR may be enhanced by more than four orders of magnitude via dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP), potentially allowing real-time, in situ analysis of chemical reactions. However, there has been no widespread use of the technique for this application and the major limitation has been the low experimental throughput caused by the time-consuming polarization build-up process at cryogenic temperatures and fast decay of the hyper-intense signal post dissolution. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a microfluidic device compatible with dDNP-MR spectroscopic imaging methods for detection of reactants and products in chemical reactions in which up to 8 reactions can be measured simultaneously using a single dDNP sample. Multiple MR spectroscopic data sets can be generated under the same exact conditions of hyperpolarized solute polarization, concentration, pH, and temperature. A proof-of-concept for the technology is demonstrated by identifying the reactants in the decarboxylation of pyruvate via hydrogen peroxide (e.g. 2-hydroperoxy-2-hydroxypropanoate, peroxymonocarbonate and CO2). dDNP-MR allows tracing of fast chemical reactions that would be barely detectable at thermal equilibrium by MR. We envisage that dDNP-MR spectroscopic imaging combined with microfluidics will provide a new high-throughput method for dDNP enhanced MR analysis of multiple components in chemical reactions and for non-destructive in situ metabolic analysis of hyperpolarized substrates in biological samples for laboratory and preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Yeste
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marc Azagra
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria A Ortega
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Portela
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gergő Matajsz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Herrero-Gómez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Graduate program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Graduate program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Irene Marco-Rius
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mouloudakis K, Bodenstedt S, Azagra M, Mitchell MW, Marco-Rius I, Tayler MCD. Real-Time Polarimetry of Hyperpolarized 13C Nuclear Spins Using an Atomic Magnetometer. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1192-1197. [PMID: 36715634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a method for nondestructive quantification of nuclear spin polarization, of relevance to hyperpolarized spin tracers widely used in magnetic resonance from spectroscopy to in vivo imaging. In a bias field of around 30 nT we use a high-sensitivity miniaturized 87Rb-vapor magnetometer to measure the field generated by the sample, as it is driven by a windowed dynamical decoupling pulse sequence that both maximizes the nuclear spin lifetime and modulates the polarization for easy detection. We demonstrate the procedure applied to a 0.08 M hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate solution produced by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization, measuring polarization repeatedly during natural decay at Earth's field. Application to real-time and continuous quality monitoring of hyperpolarized substances is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Mouloudakis
- ICFO─Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sven Bodenstedt
- ICFO─Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Azagra
- IBEC─Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Morgan W Mitchell
- ICFO─Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA─Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Marco-Rius
- ICFO─Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael C D Tayler
- ICFO─Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
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Lewis JS, Gaunt AP, Comment A. Photochemistry of pyruvic acid is governed by photo-induced intermolecular electron transfer through hydrogen bonds. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11849-11855. [PMID: 36320913 PMCID: PMC9580485 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite more than 85 years of research, the mechanism behind the photodecarboxylation of pyruvic acid remains elusive. Most studies focused on the gas and liquid phase of diluted solutions of pyruvic acid to understand the impact of sun light on the degradation of this molecule in the atmosphere. By analyzing concentrated supercooled solutions at 77 K, we demonstrate that instead of decarboxylating, the pyruvic acid molecule plays the role of electron donor and transfers an electron to an acceptor molecule that subsequently degrades to form CO2. We show that this electron transfer occurs via hydrogen bonding and that in aqueous solutions of pyruvic acid, the hydrated form is the electron acceptor. These findings demonstrate that photo-induced electron transfer via hydrogen bonding can occur between two simple carboxylic acids and that this mechanism governs the photochemistry of pyruvic acid, providing unexplored alternative pathways for the decarboxylation of photo-inactive molecules. When supercooled pyruvic acid is photo-irradiated, a radical detectable by ESR forms following the transfer of an electron from a molecule in its keto form to a molecule in its hydrated form. The latter subsequently degrades to CO2 and acetic acid.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S. Lewis
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of CambridgeRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK
| | - Adam P. Gaunt
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of CambridgeRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK
| | - Arnaud Comment
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of CambridgeRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0REUK,General Electric HealthcarePollards Wood, Nightingales Lane, Chalfont St GilesHP8 4SPUK
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