1
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Ju YY, Luo H, Li ZJ, Zheng BH, Xing JF, Chen XW, Huang LX, Nie GH, Zhang B, Liu J, Tan YZ. Helical Nanographenes Bearing Pentagon-Heptagon Pairs by Stepwise Dehydrocyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402621. [PMID: 38443314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of pentagon-heptagon pairs into helical nanographenes lacks a facile synthetic route, and the impact of these pairs on chiroptical properties remains unclear. In this study, a method for the stepwise construction of pentagon-heptagon pairs in helical nanographenes by the dehydrogenation of [6]helicene units was developed. Three helical nanographenes containing pentagon-heptagon pairs were synthesized and characterized using this approach. A wide variation in the molecular geometries and photophysical properties of these helical nanographenes was observed, with changes in the helical length of these structures and the introduction of the pentagon-heptagon pairs. The embedded pentagon-heptagon pairs reduced the oxidation potential of the synthesized helical nanographenes. The high isomerization energy barriers enabled the chiral resolution of the helicene enantiomers. Chiroptical investigations revealed remarkably enhanced circularly polarized luminescence and luminescence dissymmetry factors with an increasing number of the pentagon-heptagon pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Ju
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanozymes and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ze-Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bing-Hui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiang-Feng Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xuan-Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ling-Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guo-Hui Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanozymes and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanozymes and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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2
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Liu J, Hong J, Liao Z, Tan J, Liu H, Dmitrieva E, Zhou L, Ren J, Cao XY, Popov AA, Zou Y, Narita A, Hu Y. Negatively Curved Octagon-Incorporated Aza-nanographene and its Assembly with Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400172. [PMID: 38345140 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
A negatively curved aza-nanographene (NG) containing two octagons was synthesized by a regioselective and stepwise cyclodehydrogenation procedure, in which a double aza[7]helicene was simultaneously formed as an intermediate. Their saddle-shaped structures with negative curvature were unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallography, thereby enabling the exploration of the structure-property relationship by photophysical, electrochemical and conformational studies. Moreover, the assembly of the octagon-embedded aza-NG with fullerenes was probed by fluorescence spectral titration, with record-high binding constants (Ka=9.5×103 M-1 with C60, Ka=3.7×104 M-1 with C70) found among reported negatively curved polycyclic aromatic compounds. The tight association of aza-NG with C60 was further elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis of their co-crystal, which showed the formation of a 1 : 1 complex with substantial concave-convex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Hong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenxing Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyun Tan
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Haoliang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Long Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yunbin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
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3
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Teimouri MB, Deperasińska I, Rammo M, Banasiewicz M, Stark CW, Dobrzycki Ł, Cyrański MK, Rebane A, Gryko DT. Strongly Polarized π-Extended 1,4-Dihydropyrrolo[3,2- b]pyrroles Fused with Tetrazolo[1,5- a]quinolines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4657-4672. [PMID: 38530877 PMCID: PMC11002929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
A straightforward route to 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles comprised of two electron-withdrawing quinoline or tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline scaffolds has been developed. The versatile multicomponent reaction affording 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles combined with intramolecular direct arylation enables assembly of these products in just three steps from anilines with overall yields exceeding 30%. The planarized, ladder-type heteroacenes possess up to 14 conjugated rings. These nominally quadrupolar materials exhibit efficient fluorescence with wavelengths spanning most of the visible spectrum from green-yellow for the dyes possessing biaryl bridges and orange-red for the fully fused systems. In many cases, the fluorescence quantum yields are large, the solvatofluorochromic effects are strong, and the fluorescence is maintained even in crystalline state. Analysis of the electronic structure of these molecular architectures using quantum chemical methods suggests that the character and position of the flanking heterocycle determine the shape of HOMO and LUMO and their extension to N-aryl substituents, influencing the values of molar absorption coefficient. An experimental study of the two-photon absorption (2PA) properties has revealed that it occurs in the 700-800 nm range with apparent deviation from the Laporte parity selection rule, which may be attributed to Hertzberg-Teller contribution to vibronically allowed 2PA transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B. Teimouri
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Mofateh Ave, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Irena Deperasińska
- Institute
of Physics of Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
| | - Matt Rammo
- National
Institute for Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute
of Physics of Polish Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
| | - Charles W. Stark
- National
Institute for Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Michał K. Cyrański
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Aleksander Rebane
- National
Institute for Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
- Department
of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
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Ma XH, Gao X, Chen JY, Cao M, Dai Q, Jia ZK, Zhou YB, Zhao XJ, Chu C, Liu G, Tan YZ. Soluble Nanographene C 222: Synthesis and Applications for Synergistic Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2411-2418. [PMID: 38234111 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanographene C222, which consists of a planar graphenic plane containing 222 carbon atoms, holds the record as the largest planar nanographene synthesized to date. However, its complete insolubility makes the processing of C222 difficult. Here we addressed this issue by introducing peripheral substituents perpendicular to the graphene plane, effectively disrupting the interlayer stacking and endowing C222 with good solubility. We also found that the electron-withdrawing substituents played a crucial role in the cyclodehydrogenation process, converting the dendritic polyphenylene precursor to C222. After disrupting the interlayer stacking, the introduction of only a few peripheral carboxylic groups allowed C222 to dissolve in phosphate buffer saline, reaching a concentration of up to 0.5 mg/mL. Taking advantage of the good photosensitizing and photothermal properties of the inner C222 core, the resulting water-soluble C222 emerged as a single-component agent for both photothermal and photodynamic tumor therapy, exhibiting an impressive tumor inhibition rate of 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jia-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Maofeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qixuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhe-Kun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xin-Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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5
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Ruan L, Luo W, Zhang H, Liu P, Shi Y, An P. Cycl[2,2,4]azine-embedded non-alternant nanographenes containing fused antiaromatic azepine ring. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1511-1519. [PMID: 38274082 PMCID: PMC10806646 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of non-alternant nanographenes has attracted considerable attention due to their unique photophysical properties. Herein, we reported a novel aza-doped, non-alternant nanographene (NG) 1 by embedding the cycl[2,2,4]azine unit into the benzenoid NG framework. Single-crystal X-ray diffractometry suggests saddle or twisted nonplanar geometry of the entire backbone of 1 and coplanar conformation of the cycl[2,2,4]azine unit. DFT calculation together with solid structure indicates that NG 1 possesses significant local antiaromaticity in the azepine ring. By oxidative process or trifluoroacetic acid treatment, this nanographene can transform into a mono-radical cation, which was confirmed by UV/Vis absorption, 1H NMR, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The antiaromaticity/aromaticity switching of the azepine ring on 1˙+ from 1 enables the high stability of this radical cation, which remained intact for over 1 day. Due to the electron-donating nature of the nitrogen and the unique electronic structure, NG 1 exhibits strong electron-donating properties, as proved by the intermolecular charge transfer towards C60 with a high association constant. Furthermore, selective modification of NG 1 was accomplished by Vilsmeier reaction, and the derivatives 7 and 8 with substituted benzophenone were obtained. The photophysical and electronic properties can be tuned by the introduction of different electronic groups in benzophenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ruan
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Wanhua Luo
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Haifan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Yong Shi
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
| | - Peng An
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University Kunming 650091 P. R. China
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6
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Liu B, Chen M, Liu X, Fu R, Zhao Y, Duan Y, Zhang L. Bespoke Tailoring of Graphenoid Sheets: A Rippled Molecular Carbon Comprising Cyclically Fused Nonbenzenoid Rings. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28137-28145. [PMID: 38095317 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nonbenzenoid rings into the hexagonal networks of graphenoid nanostructures is of immense importance for electronic, magnetic, and mechanical properties, but the underlying mechanisms of nonbenzenoid ring fusion are rather unexplored. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a rippled C84 molecular carbon, which contains 10 nonbenzenoid rings (five-, seven-, and eight-membered rings) that are contiguously fused to give a cyclic geometry. The fused nonbenzenoid rings impart high solubility, configurational stability, multiple reversible redox behaviors, unique aromaticity, and a narrow band gap to the system. Moreover, this carbon nanostructure allows for further functionalization via electrophilic substitution and metalation reactions, enabling access to finely tuned derivatives. Interestingly, both the bowl-shaped and planar conformations of the core in molecular carbon are observed in the solid state. Additionally, this molecular carbon displays ambipolar transport characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruihua Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuxiao Duan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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7
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Qin L, Huang YY, Wu B, Pan J, Yang J, Zhang J, Han G, Yang S, Chen L, Yin Z, Shu Y, Jiang L, Yi Y, Peng Q, Zhou X, Li C, Zhang G, Zhang XS, Wu K, Zhang D. Diazulenorubicene as a Non-benzenoid Isomer of peri-Tetracene with Two Sets of 5/7/5 Membered Rings Showing Good Semiconducting Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304632. [PMID: 37338996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have received a lot of attention because of their unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, but their synthesis remains challenging. Herein, we report a non-benzenoid isomer of peri-tetracene, diazulenorubicene (DAR), with two sets of 5/7/5 membered rings synthesized by a (3+2) annulation reaction. Compared with the precursor containing only 5/7 membered rings, the newly formed five membered rings switch the aromaticity of the original heptagon/pentagon from antiaromatic/aromatic to non-aromatic/antiaromatic respectively, modify the intermolecular packing modes, and lower the LUMO levels. Notably, compound 2 b (DAR-TMS) shows p-type semiconducting properties with a hole mobility up to 1.27 cm2 V-1 s-1 . Moreover, further extension to larger non-benzenoid PAHs with 19 rings was achieved through on-surface chemistry from the DAR derivative with one alkynyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ying Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Botao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Jinliang Pan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Junfang Yang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Suyu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Peng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Guanxin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Sha Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Deqing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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8
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Fu L, Liu P, Xue R, Tang XY, Cao J, Yao ZF, Liu Y, Yan S, Wang XY. Unravelling the Superiority of Nonbenzenoid Acepleiadylene as a Building Block for Organic Semiconducting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306509. [PMID: 37417837 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Acepleiadylene (APD), a nonbenzenoid isomer of pyrene, exhibits a unique charge-separated character with a large molecular dipole and a small optical gap. However, APD has never been explored in optoelectronic materials to take advantage of these appealing properties. Here, we employ APD as a building block in organic semiconducting materials for the first time, and unravel the superiority of nonbenzenoid APD in electronic applications. We have synthesized an APD derivative (APD-IID) with APD as the terminal donor moieties and isoindigo (IID) as the acceptor core. Theoretical and experimental investigations reveal that APD-IID has an obvious charge-separated structure and enhanced intermolecular interactions as compared with its pyrene-based isomers. As a result, APD-IID displays significantly higher hole mobilities than those of the pyrene-based counterparts. These results imply the advantages of employing APD in semiconducting materials and great potential of nonbenzenoid polycyclic arenes for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Pengcai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiawen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yuchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Shouke Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin, 300071, China
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9
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Gu Y, Qiu Z, Müllen K. Nanographenes and Graphene Nanoribbons as Multitalents of Present and Future Materials Science. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11499-11524. [PMID: 35671225 PMCID: PMC9264366 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As cut-outs from a graphene sheet, nanographenes (NGs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are ideal cases with which to connect the world of molecules with that of bulk carbon materials. While various top-down approaches have been developed to produce such nanostructures in high yields, in the present perspective, precision structural control is emphasized for the length, width, and edge structures of NGs and GNRs achieved by modern solution and on-surface syntheses. Their structural possibilities have been further extended from "flatland" to the three-dimensional world, where chirality and handedness are the jewels in the crown. In addition to properties exhibited at the molecular level, self-assembly and thin-film structures cannot be neglected, which emphasizes the importance of processing techniques. With the rich toolkit of chemistry in hand, NGs and GNRs can be endowed with versatile properties and functions ranging from stimulated emission to spintronics and from bioimaging to energy storage, thus demonstrating their multitalents in present and future materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Gu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Shenzhen
Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and
Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg
University Mainz, Duesbergweg
10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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