1
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Han JT, Tsuji N, Zhou H, Leutzsch M, List B. Organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of Si-stereogenic silacycles. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5846. [PMID: 38992000 PMCID: PMC11239892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A strong and confined Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective cyclization of bis(methallyl)silanes provides enantioenriched Si-stereogenic silacycles. High enantioselectivities of up to 96.5:3.5 er were obtained for a range of bis(methallyl)silanes. NMR and ESI-MS studies reveal that the formation of a covalent adduct irreversibly inhibits turnover. Remarkably, we found that acetic acid as an additive promotes the collapse of this adduct, enabling full turnover. Experimental investigation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to elucidate the origin of this phenomenon and the observed enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Tae Han
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hui Zhou
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.
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2
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Mei P, Ma Z, Chen Y, Wu Y, Hao W, Fan QH, Zhang WX. Chiral bisphosphine Ph-BPE ligand: a rising star in asymmetric synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6735-6778. [PMID: 38826108 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Chiral 1,2-bis(2,5-diphenylphospholano)ethane (Ph-BPE) is a class of optimal organic bisphosphine ligands with C2-symmetry. Ph-BPE with its excellent catalytic performance in asymmetric synthesis has attracted much attention of chemists with increasing popularity and is growing into one of the most commonly used organophosphorus ligands, especially in asymmetric catalysis. Over two hundred examples have been reported since 2012. This review presents how Ph-BPE is utilized in asymmetric synthesis and how powerful it is as a chiral ligand or even a catalyst in a wide range of reactions including applications in the total synthesis of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Mei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Zibin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Wei Hao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing-Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Rare-Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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3
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Zhao JH, Zheng L, Zou JY, Zhang SY, Shen HC, Wu Y, Wang P. Construction of Si-Stereogenic Silanols by Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Alkenylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402612. [PMID: 38410071 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The construction of silicon-stereogenic silanols via Pd-catalyzed intermolecular C-H alkenylation with the assistance of a commercially available L-pyroglutamic acid has been realized for the first time. Employing oxime ether as the directing group, silicon-stereogenic silanol derivatives could be readily prepared with excellent enantioselectivities, featuring a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, parallel kinetic resolution with unsymmetric substrates further highlighted the generality of this protocol. Mechanistic studies indicate that L-pyroglutamic acid could stabilize the Pd catalyst and provide excellent chiral induction. Preliminary computational studies unveil the origin of the enantioselectivity in the C-H bond activation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Long Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ye Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sheng-Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hua-Chen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Gao J, Ge Y, He C. X-type silyl ligands for transition-metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4648-4673. [PMID: 38525837 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00893b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Given the critical importance of novel ligand development for transition-metal (TM) catalysis, as well as the resurgence of the field of organosilicon chemistry and silyl ligands, to summarize the topic of X-type silyl ligands for TM catalysis is highly attractive and timely. This review particularly emphasizes the unique σ-donating characteristics and trans-effects of silyl ligands, highlighting their crucial roles in enhancing the reactivity and selectivity of various catalytic reactions, including small molecule activation, Kumada cross-coupling, hydrofunctionalization, C-H functionalization, and dehydrogenative Si-O coupling reactions. Additionally, future developments in this field are also provided, which would inspire new insights and applications in catalytic synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Provincial, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Yicong Ge
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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5
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Gan WE, Wu YS, Wu B, Fang CY, Cao J, Xu Z, Xu LW. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Silicon-Stereogenic Benzoxasiloles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317973. [PMID: 38179840 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of silicon-stereogenic benzoxasiloles has been realized via intramolecular Si-O coupling of [2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]silanes. Cu(I)/difluorphos is found to be an efficient catalytic system for enantioselective Si-C bond cleavage and Si-O bond formation. In addition, kinetic resolution of racemic substituted [2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]silanes using Cu(I)/ PyrOx (pyridine-oxazoline ligands) as the catalytic system is developed to afford carbon- and silicon-stereogenic benzoxasiloles. Ring-opening reactions of chiral benzoxasiloles with organolithiums and Grignard reagents yield various enantioenriched functionalized tetraorganosilanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Er Gan
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Shun Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yuan Fang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jian Cao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, P. R. China
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6
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Huang WS, Xu H, Yang H, Xu LW. Catalytic Synthesis of Silanols by Hydroxylation of Hydrosilanes: From Chemoselectivity to Enantioselectivity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302458. [PMID: 37861104 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
As a crucial class of functional molecules in organosilicon chemistry, silanols are found valuable applications in the fields of modern science and will be a potentially powerful framework for biologically active compounds or functional materials. It has witnessed an increasing demand for non-natural organosilanols, as well as the progress in the synthesis of these structural features. From the classic preparative methods to the catalytic selective oxidation of hydrosilanes, electrochemical hydrolysis of hydrosilanes, and then the construction of the most challenging silicon-stereogenic silanols. This review summarized the progress in the catalyzed synthesis of silanols via hydroxylation of hydrosilanes in the last decade, with a particular emphasis on the latest elegant developments in the desymmetrization strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanols from dihydrosilanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
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7
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Chen H, Hu X, Wang W, Gao L, Song Z. Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Silaspiranes. Chemistry 2023:e202302371. [PMID: 37739927 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Silaspiranes bearing a spiro-silicon center are promising ring frameworks for the synthesis of novel spirocyclic molecules possessing unique properties. Development of efficient methods towards these ring structures has therefore attracted considerable attentions of synthetic chemists. This minireview highlights the representative advances in the field, and is categorized into four parts according to the ring formation strategies: cyclization, annulation, ring expansion and cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science and, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wanshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and, Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and, Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, P. R. China
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8
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Wang X, Feng C, Jiang J, Maeda S, Kubota K, Ito H. Stereospecific synthesis of silicon-stereogenic optically active silylboranes and general synthesis of chiral silyl Anions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5561. [PMID: 37689789 PMCID: PMC10492825 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon-stereogenic optically active silylboranes could potentially allow the formation of chiral silyl nucleophiles as well as the synthesis of various chiral silicon compounds. However, the synthesis of such silicon-stereogenic silylboranes has not been achieved so far. Here, we report the synthesis of silicon-stereogenic optically active silylboranes via a stereospecific Pt(PPh3)4-catalyzed Si-H borylation of chiral hydrosilanes, which are synthesized by stoichiometric and catalytic asymmetric synthesis, in high yield and very high or perfect enantiospecificity (99% es in one case, and >99% es in the others) with retention of the configuration. Furthermore, we report a practical approach to generate silicon-stereogenic silyl nucleophiles with high enantiopurity and configurational stability using MeLi activation. This protocol is suitable for the stereospecific and general synthesis of silicon-stereogenic trialkyl-, dialkylbenzyl-, dialkylaryl-, diarylalkyl-, and alkylary benzyloxy-substituted silylboranes and their corresponding silyl nucleophiles with excellent enantiospecificity (>99% es except one case of 99% es). Transition-metal-catalyzed C-Si bond-forming cross-coupling reactions and conjugate-addition reactions are also demonstrated. The mechanisms underlying the stability and reactivity of such chiral silyl anion were investigated by combining NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Wang
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Chi Feng
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Julong Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Koji Kubota
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Hajime Ito
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
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Yang B, Gao J, Tan X, Ge Y, He C. Chiral PSiSi-Ligand Enabled Iridium-Catalyzed Atroposelective Intermolecular C-H Silylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307812. [PMID: 37462125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective intermolecular C-H silylation offers an efficient approach for the rapid construction of chiral organosilicon compounds, but remains a significant challenge. Herein, a new type of chiral silyl ligand is developed, which enables the first iridium-catalyzed atroposelective intermolecular C-H silylation reaction of 2-arylisoquinolines. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, high atom economy, and remarkable yield with excellent stereoselectivity (up to 99 % yield, 99 % ee), delivering enantioenriched axially chiral silane platform molecules with facile convertibility. Key to the success of this unprecedented transformation relies on a novel chiral PSiSi-ligand, which facilitates the intermolecular C-H silylation process with perfect chem-, regio- and stereo-control via a multi-coordinated silyl iridium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jihui Gao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xingfa Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yicong Ge
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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10
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Liu MM, Xu Y, He C. Catalytic Asymmetric Dehydrogenative Si-H/N-H Coupling: Synthesis of Silicon-Stereogenic Silazanes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11727-11734. [PMID: 37204933 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing progress in the construction of silazanes, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silazanes is significantly less explored and remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we report a highly enantioselective synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silazanes via catalytic dehydrogenative coupling of dihydrosilanes with anilines. The reaction readily produces a wide range of chiral silazanes and bis-silazanes in excellent yields and stereoselectivities (up to 99% ee). Further utility of this process is demonstrated by the construction of polycarbosilazanes featuring configurational main chain silicon-stereogenic chirality. In addition, the straightforward transformation of the enantioenriched silazanes delivers various chiral silane compounds in a stereospecific fashion, illustrating their potential utilities as synthons for the synthesis of novel silicon-containing functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yankun Xu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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11
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Liao X, Zhou H, Chen X, Xu J. Isothiourea-Catalyzed Acylative Desymmetrization of Silicon-Centered Bisphenols. Org Lett 2023; 25:3099-3103. [PMID: 37129310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of optically pure organosilicon compounds bearing a stereogenic center at the silicon atom is an attractive but challenging enterprise. Herein we disclose an isothiourea (ITU)-catalyzed monoacylation reaction of silicon-centered bisphenols with 2,2-diphenylacetic pivalic anhydride, delivering tetrasubstituted organosilanes in moderate to excellent yields (36-91%) with moderate to excellent enantiomeric ratios (68:32-97.5:2.5). This organocatalytic desymmetrization approach can be performed on gram scale, and the products can be converted to other valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanlong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, P. R. China
| | - Xingkuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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12
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Prieto-Pascual U, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Freixa Z, Huertos MA. Tailor-Made Synthesis of Hydrosilanols, Hydrosiloxanes, and Silanediols Catalyzed by di-Silyl Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3095-3105. [PMID: 36757389 PMCID: PMC10863934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Siloxanes and silanols containing Si-H units are important building blocks for the synthesis of functionalized siloxane materials, and their synthesis is a current challenge. Herein, we report the selective synthesis of hydrosilanols, hydrosiloxanes, and silanodiols depending on the nature of the catalysts and the silane used. Two neutral ({MCl[SiMe2(o-C6H4PPh2)]2}; M = Rh, Ir) and two cationic ({M[SiMe2(o-C6H4PPh2)]2(NCMe)}[BArF4]; M = Rh, Ir) have been synthesized and their catalytic behavior toward hydrolysis of secondary silanes has been described. Using the iridium complexes as precatalysts and diphenylsilane as a substrate, the product obtained is diphenylsilanediol. When rhodium complexes are used as precatalysts, it is possible to selectively obtain silanediol, hydrosilanol, and hydrosiloxane depending on the catalysts (neutral or cationic) and the silane substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unai Prieto-Pascual
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad del País
Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Zoraida Freixa
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad del País
Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Huertos
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad del País
Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Gao J, He C. Chiral Silanols: Strategies and Tactics for Their Synthesis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203475. [PMID: 36617499 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Silanols are valuable and important compounds, which have found widespread applications in the field of materials science, synthetic chemistry, and medicinal chemistry. Although a handful of approaches have been developed for the synthesis of various silanols, access to enantioenriched silicon-stereogenic silanols remains underdeveloped. This Concept article intends to summarize and highlight recent advances in the construction of silicon-stereogenic silanols and endeavors to encourage further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Gao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry, and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China
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Langenohl F, Rösler J, Zühlke S, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C. A Silicon-Stereogenic Silanol - 18 O-Isotope Labeling and Stereogenic Probe Reveals Hidden Stereospecific Water Exchange Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202935. [PMID: 36166278 PMCID: PMC10100314 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A silicon-stereogenic aminosilanol was isolated in excellent diastereomeric ratio and the absolute configuration was determined. The silanol is configurative and condensation stable in solution and shows stereoselective transformations with a clean stereospecific pathway in follow-up reactions, which leads to the isolation of a silicon-stereogenic zinc complex and siloxane compounds. Investigations with 18 O-labelled water and mass spectrometry analysis revealed an otherwise hidden exchange of oxygen atoms of silanol and water in solution that proceeds with retention of the configuration at the silicon center. This novel combination of a stereochemical probe and isotopic labeling in a silicon-stereogenic compound opens new analytic possibilities to study stereochemical courses of reactions with the aid of chiral silanols mechanistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Langenohl
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonas Rösler
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6/6a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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