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He J, Bai M, Xiao X, Qiu S, Chen W, Li J, Yu Y, Tian W. Intramolecular Cation-π Interactions Organize Bowl-Shaped, Luminescent Molecular Containers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402697. [PMID: 38433608 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Molecules with nonplanar architectures are highly desirable due to their unique topological structures and functions. We report here the synthesis of two molecular containers (1 ⋅ 3Br- and 1 ⋅ 3Cl-), which utilize intramolecular cation-π interactions to enforce macrocylic arrangements and exhibit high binding affinity and luminescent properties. Remarkably, the geometry of the cation-π interaction can be flexibly tailored to achieve a precise ring arrangement, irrespective of the angle of the noncovalent bonds. Additionally, the C-H⋅⋅⋅Br- hydrogen bonds within the container are also conducive to stabilizing the bowl-shaped conformation. These bowl-shaped conformations were confirmed both in solution through NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by X-ray studies. 1 ⋅ 3Br- shows high binding affinity and selectivity: F->Cl-, through C-H⋅⋅⋅X- (X=F, Cl) hydrogen bonds. Additionally, these containers exhibited blue fluorescence in solution and yellow room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in the solid state. Our findings illustrate the utility of cation-π interactions in designing functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Minggui Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xuedong Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhuo Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University., Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Stares DL, Szumna A, Schalley CA. Encapsulation in Charged Droplets Generates Distorted Host-Guest Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302112. [PMID: 37724745 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The ability of various hydrogen-bonded resorcinarene-based capsules to bind α,ω-alkylbisDABCOnium (DnD) guests of different lengths was investigated in solution and in the gas-phase. While no host-guest interactions were detected in solution, encapsulation could be achieved in the charged droplets formed during electrospray ionisation (ESI). This included guests, which are far too long in their most stable conformation to fit inside the cavity of the capsules. A combination of three mass spectrometric techniques, namely, collision-induced dissociation, hydrogen/deuterium exchange, and ion-mobility mass spectrometry, together with computational modelling allow us to determine the binding mode of the DnD guests inside the cavity of the capsules. Significant distortions of the guest into horseshoe-like arrangements are required to optimise cation-π interactions with the host, which also adopt distorted geometries with partially open hydrogen-bonding seams when binding longer guests. Such quasi "spring-loaded" capsules can form in the charged droplets during the ESI process as there is no competition between guest encapsulation and ion pair formation with the counterions that preclude encapsulation in solution. The encapsulation complexes are sufficiently stable in the gas-phase - even when strained - because non-covalent interactions significantly strengthen in the absence of solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Stares
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Ma F, Qiao X, Zuo W, Tao Y, Li A, Luo Z, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang X, Sun W, Jia C. Less is More: A Shortcut for Anionocages Design Based on (RPO
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)‐Monourea Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210478. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xinrui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710600 China
| | - Yu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Anyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Zhipeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xueru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Chuandong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
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Ma F, Qiao X, Zuo W, Tao Y, Li A, Luo Z, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang X, Sun W, Jia C. Less is More: A Shortcut for Anionocages Design Based on (RPO32‐)‐Monourea Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ma
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Xinrui Qiao
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Wei Zuo
- Xi'an Polytechnic University College of Emvironmental and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yu Tao
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Anyang Li
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Zhipeng Luo
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Xueru Liu
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Wei Sun
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Chuandong Jia
- Northwest University College of Chemistry and Materials Science No.1, Xuefu Ave. Chang'an District 710127 Xi'an CHINA
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