1
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Reischauer S, Smoljan CS, Rabeah J, Xie H, Formalik F, Chen Z, Vornholt SM, Sha F, Chapman KW, Snurr RQ, Notestein JM, Farha OK. A Titanium-Based Metal-Organic Framework For Tandem Metallaphotocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:33371-33378. [PMID: 38915181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered substantial attention for their unique properties, such as high porosity and tunable structures, making them versatile for various applications. This paper constructs photoactive titanium-organic frameworks by combining Ti(IV) clusters and a bipyridine linker. The MOF is synthesized in situ through imine condensation, resulting in NU-2300. Subsequent ex situ nickel salt complexation results in NU-2300-Ni, which is then used for light-mediated carbon-heteroatom cross-couplings. The photophysical properties of the metallaphotocatalyst were investigated by UV-vis and EPR analyses, and both the Ti cluster and the bipyridine linker were found to contribute to successful catalysis, making it a tandem catalyst. The heterogeneous material retained its performance through five cycles of thioetherification. This work contributes not only to MOF synthetic strategies but also to expanding MOF applications as recyclable, tandem metallaphotocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Courtney S Smoljan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany
| | - Haomiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Filip Formalik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhihengyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Simon M Vornholt
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Fanrui Sha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karena W Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Randall Q Snurr
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Justin M Notestein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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Iwai T, Abe S, Takizawa SY, Masai H, Terao J. Insulated π-conjugated 2,2'-bipyridine transition-metal complexes: enhanced photoproperties in luminescence and catalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8873-8879. [PMID: 38873064 PMCID: PMC11168077 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
2,2'-Bipyridine has been identified as a privileged ligand scaffold for photofunctional transition metal complexes. We herein report on the synthesis and photoproperties of an insulated π-conjugated 2,2'-bipyridine with a linked rotaxane structure consisting of permethylated α-cyclodextrin (PM α-CD) and oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene). The insulated π-conjugated 2,2'-bipyridine exhibited enhanced ligand performance in the solid-state emitting biscyclometalated Ir complexes and visible-light-driven Ni catalysts owing to π-extension and remote steric effects based on the linked rotaxane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Iwai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Abe
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho 332-0012 Kawaguchi Saitama Japan
| | - Jun Terao
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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3
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Cagan D, Bím D, Kazmierczak NP, Hadt RG. Mechanisms of Photoredox Catalysis Featuring Nickel-Bipyridine Complexes. ACS Catal 2024; 14:9055-9076. [PMID: 38868098 PMCID: PMC11165457 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metallaphotoredox catalysis can unlock useful pathways for transforming organic reactants into desirable products, largely due to the conversion of photon energy into chemical potential to drive redox and bond transformation processes. Despite the importance of these processes for cross-coupling reactions and other transformations, their mechanistic details are only superficially understood. In this review, we have provided a detailed summary of various photoredox mechanisms that have been proposed to date for Ni-bipyridine (bpy) complexes, focusing separately on photosensitized and direct excitation reaction processes. By highlighting multiple bond transformation pathways and key findings, we depict how photoredox reaction mechanisms, which ultimately define substrate scope, are themselves defined by the ground- and excited-state geometric and electronic structures of key Ni-based intermediates. We further identify knowledge gaps to motivate future mechanistic studies and the development of synergistic research approaches spanning the physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
A. Cagan
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Daniel Bím
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The
Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Nathanael P. Kazmierczak
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G. Hadt
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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4
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Cusumano AQ, Chaffin BC, Doyle AG. Mechanism of Ni-Catalyzed Photochemical Halogen Atom-Mediated C(sp 3)-H Arylation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15331-15344. [PMID: 38778454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Within the context of Ni photoredox catalysis, halogen atom photoelimination from Ni has emerged as a fruitful strategy for enabling hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-mediated C(sp3)-H functionalization. Despite the numerous synthetic transformations invoking this paradigm, a unified mechanistic hypothesis that is consistent with experimental findings on the catalytic systems and accounts for halogen radical formation and facile C(sp2)-C(sp3) bond formation remains elusive. We employ kinetic analysis, organometallic synthesis, and computational investigations to decipher the mechanism of a prototypical Ni-catalyzed photochemical C(sp3)-H arylation reaction. Our findings revise the previous mechanistic proposals, first by examining the relevance of SET and EnT processes from Ni intermediates relevant to the HAT-based arylation reaction. Our investigation highlights the ability for blue light to promote efficient Ni-C(sp2) bond homolysis from cationic NiIII and C(sp2)-C(sp3) reductive elimination from bipyridine NiII complexes. However interesting, the rates and selectivities of these processes do not account for the productive catalytic pathway. Instead, our studies support a mechanism that involves halogen atom evolution from in situ generated NiII dihalide intermediates, radical capture by a NiII(aryl)(halide) resting state, and key C-C bond formation from NiIII. Oxidative addition to NiI, as opposed to Ni0, and rapid NiIII/NiI comproportionation play key roles in this process. The findings presented herein offer fundamental insight into the reactivity of Ni in the broader context of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Q Cusumano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Braden C Chaffin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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5
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Wallick R, Chakrabarti S, Burke JH, Gnewkow R, Chae JB, Rossi TC, Mantouvalou I, Kanngießer B, Fondell M, Eckert S, Dykstra C, Smith LE, Vura-Weis J, Mirica LM, van der Veen RM. Excited-State Identification of a Nickel-Bipyridine Photocatalyst by Time-Resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4976-4982. [PMID: 38691639 PMCID: PMC11089568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Photoassisted catalysis using Ni complexes is an emerging field for cross-coupling reactions in organic synthesis. However, the mechanism by which light enables and enhances the reactivity of these complexes often remains elusive. Although optical techniques have been widely used to study the ground and excited states of photocatalysts, they lack the specificity to interrogate the electronic and structural changes at specific atoms. Herein, we report metal-specific studies using transient Ni L- and K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of a prototypical Ni photocatalyst, (dtbbpy)Ni(o-tol)Cl (dtb = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl, bpy = bipyridine, o-tol = ortho-tolyl), in solution. We unambiguously confirm via direct experimental evidence that the long-lived (∼5 ns) excited state is a tetrahedral metal-centered triplet state. These results demonstrate the power of ultrafast X-ray spectroscopies to unambiguously elucidate the nature of excited states in important transition-metal-based photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
F. Wallick
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sagnik Chakrabarti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - John H. Burke
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Richard Gnewkow
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Institute
of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische
Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Ju Byeong Chae
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Thomas C. Rossi
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Ioanna Mantouvalou
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Institute
of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische
Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Birgit Kanngießer
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Institute
of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische
Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Mattis Fondell
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eckert
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
| | - Conner Dykstra
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Laura E. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Josh Vura-Weis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Liviu M. Mirica
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Renske M. van der Veen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Atomic-Scale Dynamics in Light-Energy Conversion, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin 14109, Germany
- Institute
of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische
Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
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6
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Bím D, Luedecke KM, Cagan DA, Hadt RG. Light Activation and Photophysics of a Structurally Constrained Nickel(II)-Bipyridine Aryl Halide Complex. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4120-4131. [PMID: 38376134 PMCID: PMC11000520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Transition-metal photoredox catalysis has transformed organic synthesis by harnessing light to construct complex molecules. Nickel(II)-bipyridine (bpy) aryl halide complexes are a significant class of cross-coupling catalysts that can be activated via direct light excitation. This study investigates the effects of molecular structure on the photophysics of these catalysts by considering an underexplored, structurally constrained Ni(II)-bpy aryl halide complex in which the aryl and bpy ligands are covalently tethered alongside traditional unconstrained complexes. Intriguingly, the tethered complex is photochemically stable but features a reversible Ni(II)-C(aryl) ⇄ [Ni(I)···C(aryl)•] equilibrium upon direct photoexcitation. When an electrophile is introduced during photoirradiation, we demonstrate a preference for photodissociation over recombination, rendering the parent Ni(II) complex a stable source of a reactive Ni(I) intermediate. Here, we characterize the reversible photochemical behavior of the tethered complex by kinetic analyses, quantum chemical calculations, and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. Comparison to the previously characterized Ni(II)-bpy aryl halide complex indicates that the structural constraints considered here dramatically influence the excited state relaxation pathway and provide insight into the characteristics of excited-state Ni(II)-C bond homolysis and aryl radical reassociation dynamics. This study enriches the understanding of molecular structure effects in photoredox catalysis and offers new possibilities for designing customized photoactive catalysts for precise organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bím
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Kaitlin M Luedecke
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - David A Cagan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G Hadt
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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7
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Karpova L, Daniel M, Kancherla R, Muralirajan K, Maity B, Rueping M. Excited-State Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Bromides: Synthesis of Diphenylamines and Primary Anilines. Org Lett 2024; 26:1657-1661. [PMID: 38381879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Excited-state nickel-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of aryl bromides with sodium azide enables the synthesis of diarylamines and primary anilines under mild reaction conditions. The oxidative addition of electron-rich aryl bromides with low-valent Ni under the photochemical conditions is endothermic. Herein, we demonstrate a light-mediated nickel-catalyzed reaction of electronically rich aryl bromides that yields diarylamines, while the reaction with electron-deficient aryl bromides gives access to anilines at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Karpova
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matěj Daniel
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Kancherla
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishnamoorthy Muralirajan
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bholanath Maity
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Kaust Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Hu HC, Wang ZP, Liang L, Du XY, Li T, Feng J, Xiao TT, Jin ZM, Ding SY, Liu Q, Lu LQ, Xiao WJ, Wang W. Bottom-Up Construction of Ni(II)-Incorporated Covalent Organic Framework for Metallaphotoredox Catalysis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303476. [PMID: 38065837 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The construction of an all-in-one catalyst, in which the photosensitizer and the transition metal site are close to each other, is important for improving the efficiency of metallaphotoredox catalysis. However, the development of convenient synthetic strategies for the precise construction of an all-in-one catalyst remains a challenging task due to the requirement of precise installation of the catalytic sites. Herein, we have successfully established a facile bottom-up strategy for the direct synthesis of Ni(II)-incorporated covalent organic framework (COF), named LZU-713@Ni, as a versatile all-in-one metallaphotoredox catalyst. LZU-713@Ni showed excellent activity and recyclability in the photoredox/nickel-catalyzed C-O, C-S, and C-P cross-coupling reactions. Notably, this catalyst displayed a better catalytic activity than its homogeneous analogues, physically mixed dual catalyst system, and, especially, LZU-713/Ni which was prepared through post-synthetic modification. The improved catalytic efficiency of LZU-713@Ni should be attributed to the implementation of bottom-up strategy, which incorporated the fixed, ordered, and abundant catalytic sites into its framework. This work sheds new light on the exploration of concise and effective strategies for the construction of multifunctional COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Tian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Ming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - San-Yuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Photoenergy Utilization for Pollution Control and Carbon Reduction, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, P. R. China
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9
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Wang G, Gao L, Feng Y, Lin L. Visible-Light-Activated Nickel Thiolates for C-S Couplings. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37267073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Thiolates are known as the inhibitors of metal catalysis due to their strong coordination with the metal. Herein, we reported visible-light-induced homolysis of the Ni-S bond to activate the nickel(II) thiolates for the C-S coupling, obviating the use of exogenous photocatalysts and other additives. Various aryl bromides/iodides can efficiently couple with thiols with a wide range of functional groups under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested the homolysis of the Ni-S bond is the key step for couplings and nickel(0) is not involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Yunhui Feng
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Luqing Lin
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
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10
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Luo H, Wang G, Feng Y, Zheng W, Kong L, Ma Y, Matsunaga S, Lin L. Photoinduced Nickel-Catalyzed Carbon-Heteroatom Coupling. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202385. [PMID: 36214656 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report visible light-promoted single nickel catalysis for diverse carbon-heteroatom couplings under mild conditions. This mild, general, and robust method to couple diverse nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur nucleophiles with aryl(heteroaryl)/alkenyl iodides/bromides exhibits a wide functional group tolerance and is applicable to late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals and natural products. On the base of preliminary mechanistic studies, a NiI /NiIII cycle via the generation of active NiI complexes that appear from homolysis of NiII -I rather than NiII -aryl bond was tentatively proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Luo
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Feng
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Wanyao Zheng
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Lingya Kong
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Ma
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Luqing Lin
- Department Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku, 060-0812, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Cavedon C, Gisbertz S, Reischauer S, Vogl S, Sperlich E, Burke JH, Wallick RF, Schrottke S, Hsu W, Anghileri L, Pfeifer Y, Richter N, Teutloff C, Müller‐Werkmeister H, Cambié D, Seeberger PH, Vura‐Weis J, van der Veen RM, Thomas A, Pieber B. Intraligand Charge Transfer Enables Visible-Light-Mediated Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211433. [PMID: 36161982 PMCID: PMC9828175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that several visible-light-mediated carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions can be carried out using a photoactive NiII precatalyst that forms in situ from a nickel salt and a bipyridine ligand decorated with two carbazole groups (Ni(Czbpy)Cl2 ). The activation of this precatalyst towards cross-coupling reactions follows a hitherto undisclosed mechanism that is different from previously reported light-responsive nickel complexes that undergo metal-to-ligand charge transfer. Theoretical and spectroscopic investigations revealed that irradiation of Ni(Czbpy)Cl2 with visible light causes an initial intraligand charge transfer event that triggers productive catalysis. Ligand polymerization affords a porous, recyclable organic polymer for heterogeneous nickel catalysis of cross-coupling reactions. The heterogeneous catalyst shows stable performance in a packed-bed flow reactor during a week of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Cavedon
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Sebastian Gisbertz
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Sarah Vogl
- Department of ChemistryFunctional MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinHardenbergstraße 4010623BerlinGermany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24–2514476PotsdamGermany
| | - John H. Burke
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Rachel F. Wallick
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Stefanie Schrottke
- Department of PhysicsFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Wei‐Hsin Hsu
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Lucia Anghileri
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Yannik Pfeifer
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24–2514476PotsdamGermany
| | - Noah Richter
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Christian Teutloff
- Department of PhysicsFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | | | - Dario Cambié
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany,Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Josh Vura‐Weis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Renske M. van der Veen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois61801USA,Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109BerlinGermany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of ChemistryFunctional MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinHardenbergstraße 4010623BerlinGermany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax-Planck-Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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12
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Toriumi N, Inoue T, Iwasawa N. Shining Visible Light on Reductive Elimination: Acridine-Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Carboxylic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19592-19602. [PMID: 36219695 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent tremendous progress on transition-metal/photoredox dual catalysis in organic synthesis, single transition-metal catalysis under visible-light irradiation, which can utilize light energy more efficiently, is still underdeveloped. Herein, we report the design of photosensitizing phosphinoacridine bidentate ligands for visible-light-induced transition-metal catalysis, expecting that the electron-accepting acridine moiety would create a highly reactive electron-deficient metal center toward reductive elimination via metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT). Using these ligands, we have achieved a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with carboxylic acids under visible-light irradiation. Electronic tuning of the phosphinoacridine ligands not only enabled the use of a variety of aryl halides as the coupling partner, including less reactive aryl chlorides, under blue light irradiation, but also realized the employment of lower-energy green and red light for the cross-coupling. Experimental mechanistic studies have proved that the reductive elimination of aryl esters is induced by photoirradiation of phosphinoacridine-ligated arylpalladium(II) carboxylate complexes. The theoretical calculation suggests that the reductive elimination in the excited state is promoted by decreasing the electron density of the Pd center through photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer, i.e., MLCT, in the transition state owing to the electron-deficient acridine scaffold. This is a very rare example of photoinduced reductive elimination on palladium(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Toriumi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O̅okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tomonori Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O̅okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O̅okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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