1
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Choi H, Ham WS, van Bonn P, Zhang J, Kim D, Chang S. Mechanistic Approach Toward the C4-Selective Amination of Pyridines via Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401388. [PMID: 38589725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The development of site-selective functionalization of N-heteroarenes is highly desirable in streamlined synthesis. In this context, direct amination of pyridines stands as an important synthetic methodology, with particular emphasis on accessing 4-aminopyridines, a versatile pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report a reaction manifold for the C4-selective amination of pyridines by employing nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (SNH). Through 4-pyridyl pyridinium salt intermediates, 4-aminopyridine products are obtained in reaction with aqueous ammonia without intermediate isolation. The notable regioselectivity was achieved by the electronic tuning of the external pyridine reagents along with the maximization of polarizability in the proton elimination stage. Further mechanistic investigations provided a guiding principle for the selective C-H pyridination of additional N-heteroarenes, presenting a strategic avenue for installation of diverse functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoonchul Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Won Seok Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Pit van Bonn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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2
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Deng X, Jiang F, Wang X. Asymmetric Deoxygenative Functionalization of Secondary Amides with Vinylpyridines Enabled by a Triple Iridium-Photoredox-Chiral Phosphoric Acid System. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38489756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
An enantioselective deoxygenative functionalization of secondary amides with vinylpridines is developed by merging relay iridium catalysis and cooperative photoredox-chiral Brønsted acid catalysis, affording a series of valuable chiral amines in moderate to good yields with good enantioselectivities. The intriguing multiple catalytic system invoking triple-catalysis was found to be the key to the success of the current reactions, which may stimulate further development of catalytic methodologies for asymmetric deoxygenative transformations of amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyike Deng
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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3
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Wang Z, Lin JH, Xiao JC. Photocatalytic Keto- and Amino-Trifluoromethylation of Alkenes. Org Lett 2024; 26:1980-1984. [PMID: 38421197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Efforts to develop alternatives to triflic anhydride (Tf2O) as a trifluoromethylation reagent continue due to its limitations, including volatility, corrosiveness, and moisture sensitivity. Described herein is the use of a trifluoromethylsulfonylpyridinium salt (TFSP), easily obtained by a one-step reaction of Tf2O with 4-dimethylaminopyridine, as a reagent for the trifluoromethylative difunctionalization of alkenes by photoredox catalysis. DMSO and CH3CN are suitable solvents for achieving keto- and amino-trifluoromethylation of alkenes, respectively, with good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, 200032 Shanghai, China
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4
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Fu D, Xu J. Tf 2O/2-Chloropyridine-Triggered Synthesis of Benzo[ b]thiophene 1,1-Dioxides from Sulfonium α-Acyl Sulfonylmethylides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3072-3083. [PMID: 38357895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Triflic anhydride and 2-chloropyridine-comediated tandem activation, intramolecular aromatic electrophilic addition, and 1,2-sulfonyl shift via spirocyclic intermediates of sulfonium α-acyl sulfonylmethylides realize the efficient synthesis of 2-alkyl/arylthiobenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxides. The deactivated sulfonyl group determines the site-selectivity of the electrophilic addition via the ipso-attack, while the following S-migration controls the regioselectivity. Some of 2-methylthiobenzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxides show fluorescence properties in the solid state and in their solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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5
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He C, Wang Q, Zhou X, Yi L, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Xie H, Huang Q, Qiu G, Yang M. Photocatalytic Cyclization Cascades by Radical Relay toward Pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles: Synthesis, Mechanism, and Application. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3509-3524. [PMID: 38362658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A photocatalytic annulation cascade of unactivated N-alkene-linked indoles with Langlois' reagent by a radical relay is developed at room temperature under blue LED irradiation. The reaction afforded a series of tri/difluoromethylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in moderate to good yields. The DFT study suggests that the reaction is ascribed to a rhodamine 6G-induced cyclization cascade involving vinyl addition-radical relay and hydrogen-atom-abstraction (HAA) processes, and interestingly, pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles are applied as fluorescent dyes into the fluorescence spectrum and live-cell imaging. This paper represents an initial example on photocatalytic cyclization cascades by radical relay and the HAA process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Lin Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province 318000, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Y2, second Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Qitong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
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6
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Ouyang Y, Qing FL. Photoredox Catalyzed Radical Fluoroalkylation with Non-Classical Fluorinated Reagents. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2815-2824. [PMID: 38385430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of photocatalysis has greatly advanced radical fluoroalkylation reactions. Central to this advancement is the introduction and refinement of radical reagents, which play a pivotal role in driving these reactions forward. Intriguingly, some of these reagents, previously not recognized for their radical properties, have emerged as key players in this area. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of four representative reagents pioneered by our laboratory, which have subsequently garnered extensive application in broader research contexts, including difluorocarbene precursors bromodifluoromethylphosphonium bromide, electrophilic sulfonylation reagent triflic anhydride, and nucleophilic trifluoromethylation reagent methyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate (Chen's reagent). The integration of phosphonium reagents, triflic anhydride, and methyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate into photocatalysis has enabled some unexpected reactivities and now notably expanded the capabilities in radical difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, and difluoroalkylation. Our discussion highlights how these atypical reagents have enriched the toolkit available for radical fluoroalkylations, offering insights that could inspire future research and application in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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7
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Zhang C, Lin J, Wang L, Mei Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Lu Y, Tian J, Wang W, Chen L, Guo M, Zhou C. Tf 2O-Mediated Tandem Reaction of Enaminones for the Synthesis of Functionalized Conjugated-Enals/β-Naphthalaldehydes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:373-378. [PMID: 38096478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A highly efficient and regioselective method for constructing functionalized conjugated enals via the Tf2O-mediated tandem reaction of enaminones with thiophenols has been described. Chain products with excellent stereoselectivity could be obtained through substrate regulation. Additionally, a feasible method for synthesizing β-naphthalaldehydes through PhSO2Na/DABCO promoting hydrogen atom transfer process has also been reported here. Mechanism studies have shown that 2-formyl vinyl triflate 8 and sulfonylated enal 9 were the key intermediates in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yingxuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Yichun Vocational Technical College, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Lanjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Jiakai Tian
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Mengping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, P. R. China
| | - Cailong Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
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8
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Jiang DF, Qi Z, Li D, Wen SM, Liu Z, Hao WJ, Jiang B. PhI(OAc) 2-mediated aminoacyloxylation of β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones using Togni reagent II as an acyloxyl precursor. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6757-6761. [PMID: 37615101 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free protocol for the direct construction of C(sp2)-N and C-O bonds via a PhI(OAc)2-mediated dehydrogenative aminoacyloxylation of β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones with Togni reagent II is reported. Initiated by the carboxyl-containing species generated in situ from Togni reagent II, this method offers a new solution for regioselective functionalization at a remote site on β,γ-unsaturated hydrazones, thus providing a straightforward method for the synthesis of acyloxyl-substituted pyridazines. This reaction features a broad substrate scope and mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Fang Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Provincial First-Class Applied Discipline (Pharmacy), Changsha, 410219, China.
| | - Zhenjie Qi
- Department of Engineering, Jining University, Qufu, Shandong, 273155, P. R. China.
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Provincial First-Class Applied Discipline (Pharmacy), Changsha, 410219, China.
| | - Si-Miaomiao Wen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Provincial First-Class Applied Discipline (Pharmacy), Changsha, 410219, China.
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Provincial First-Class Applied Discipline (Pharmacy), Changsha, 410219, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China.
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9
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Zhang C, Wang W, Zhu X, Chen L, Luo H, Guo M, Liu D, Liu F, Zhang H, Li Q, Lin J. Synthesis of Indolizines via Tf 2O-Mediated Cascade Reaction of Pyridyl-enaminones with Thiophenols/Thioalcohols. Org Lett 2023; 25:1192-1197. [PMID: 36779678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A cost-effective, highly regioselective and metal-free version for the synthesis of indolizine derivatives by means of Tf2O-mediated cascade reaction of pyridyl-enaminones and thiophenols/thioalcohols under mild reaction conditions has been reported. Diverse electron-rich indolizine derivatives could be obtained in up to 94% yield via the selective 1,4-addition of vinyl iminium triflate tandem cyclization/aromatization, which allowed the simultaneous construction of C-N and C-S/and one example of C-Se bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Xuncheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Hejiang Luo
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Mengping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Huisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Applied Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Bio-engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, 336000, P.R. China
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