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Klein M, Binder M, Koželj M, Perini A, Gouveia T, Diemant T, Schür A, Brutti S, Bodo E, Bresser D, Gómez-Urbano JL, Balducci A. Understanding the Role of Imide-Based Salts and Borate-Based Additives for Safe and High-Performance Glyoxal-Based Electrolytes in Ni-Rich NMC 811 Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401610. [PMID: 38856970 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the design of novel and safe electrolyte formulations for high-voltage Ni-rich cathodes is reported. The solvent mixture comprising 1,1,2,2-tetraethoxyethane and propylene carbonate not only displays good transport properties, but also greatly enhances the overall safety of the cell thanks to its low flammability. The influence of the conducting salts, that is, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), and of the additives lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) and lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) is examined. Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to gain insights into the local structure of the different electrolytes and the lithium-ion coordination. Furthermore, special emphasis is placed on the film-forming abilities of the salts to suppress the anodic dissolution of the aluminum current collector and to create a stable cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI). In this regard, the borate-based additives significantly alleviate the intrinsic challenges associated with the use of LiTFSI and LiFSI salts. It is worth remarking that a superior cathode performance is achieved by using the LiFSI/LiDFOB electrolyte, displaying a high specific capacity of 164 mAh g-1 at 6 C and ca. 95% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C. This is attributed to the rich chemistry of the generated CEI layer, as confirmed by ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Klein
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Binder
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matjaž Koželj
- Solvionic, 11 Chemin des Silos, Toulouse, 31100, France
| | - Adriano Perini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Tom Gouveia
- Solvionic, 11 Chemin des Silos, Toulouse, 31100, France
| | - Thomas Diemant
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Annika Schür
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sergio Brutti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Dominic Bresser
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Juan Luis Gómez-Urbano
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Balducci
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC), Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
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2
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Wu H, Jiang M, Gao X, Chen X, Cheng C, Cai S, Ren W, Yang X, Sun R. All-in-one Janus covalent organic frameworks separator as fast Li nucleator and polysulfides catalyzer in lithium-sulfur batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:138-148. [PMID: 38340513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The shuttle effect, sluggish conversion kinetics, and uncontrollable lithium dendrites seriously hinder the practical application of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Among many modified materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) stand out for their excellent ability to inhibit the shuttle effect, while their role in promoting lithium nucleation and catalyzing the conversion of sulfur species has been largely ignored. In this study, an integrated COF separator (TpPa@2400) is developed as a rapid lithium nucleator and sulfur species catalyst in fast-charging Li-S batteries. According to the adsorption energy and Bader charge results, Li atoms preferentially adsorb onto the surface of the TpPa@2400 separator, and the larger Bader charge value (0.52 |e|) of the TpPa@2400 separator also signifies faster lithium transport, promoting the nucleation of Li ions. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) theoretically demonstrates that the TpPa@2400 separator exhibits lower free energy for sulfur species interconversion. As a result, the TpPa@2400 separator enables the Li-Li symmetric cell with an extended cycle life of 6000 h at a current density/capacity of 10 mA cm-2/10 mAh cm-2. The Li-S battery assembled using the TpPa@2400 separator delivers a high capacity of 1636.4 mAh/g at 0.1C and a rapid sulfur species conversion capacity of 513.8 mAh/g at 2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyan Wu
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xuejie Gao
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Xinyang Chen
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuiping Cai
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wenfeng Ren
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Runcang Sun
- Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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3
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Crabb E, Aggarwal A, Stephens R, Shao-Horn Y, Leverick G, Grossman JC. Electrolyte Dependence of Li + Transport Mechanisms in Small Molecule Solvents from Classical Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3427-3441. [PMID: 38551621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
As demands on Li-ion battery performance increase, the need for electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and a high Li+ transference number (tLi) becomes crucial to boost power density. Unfortunately, tLi in liquid electrolytes is typically <0.5 due to Li+ migrating via a vehicular mechanism, whereby Li+ diffuses along with its solvation shell, making its diffusivity slower than the counteranion. Designing liquid electrolytes where the Li+ ion diffuses independently of its solvation shell is of significant interest to enhance the transference number. In this work, we elucidate how the properties of the solvent influence the Li+ transport mechanism. Using classical molecular dynamics simulations, we find that a vehicular mechanism can be increasingly preferred with a decreasing solvent viscosity and increasing interaction energy between the solvent and Li+. Thus, a weaker interaction energy can enhance tLi through a solvent-exchange mechanism, ultimately improving Li-ion battery performance. Finally, metadynamics simulations show that in electrolytes where a solvent-exchange mechanism is preferable, the energy barrier to changing the coordination environment of Li+ is much lower than in electrolytes where a vehicular mechanism dominates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Crabb
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Physics Program, Centre College, 600 W Walnut St, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Abhishek Aggarwal
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ryan Stephens
- Shell International Exploration & Production Inc., Houston, Texas 77082, United States
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Graham Leverick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Grossman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Lan S, Yu C, Yu J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Xie Y, Wang J, Qiu J. Recent Advances in Low‐Temperature Liquid Electrolyte for Supercapacitors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309286. [PMID: 38453682 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
As one of the key components of supercapacitors, electrolyte is intensively investigated to promote the fast development of the energy supply system under extremely cold conditions. However, high freezing point and sluggish ion transport kinetics for routine electrolytes hinder the application of supercapacitors at low temperatures. Resultantly, the liquid electrolyte should be oriented to reduce the freezing point, accompanied by other superior characteristics, such as large ionic conductivity, low viscosity and outstanding chemical stability. In this review, the intrinsically physical parameters and microscopic structure of low-temperature electrolytes are discussed thoroughly, then the previously reported strategies that are used to address the associated issues are summarized subsequently from the aspects of aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes (organic electrolyte and ionic liquid electrolyte). In addition, some advanced spectroscopy techniques and theoretical simulation to better decouple the solvation structure of electrolytes and reveal the link between the key physical parameters and microscopic structure are briefly presented. Finally, the further improvement direction is put forward to provide a reference and guidance for the follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Chang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jinhe Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiubo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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5
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Wu LQ, Li Z, Fan ZY, Li K, Li J, Huang D, Li A, Yang Y, Xie W, Zhao Q. Unveiling the Role of Fluorination in Hexacyclic Coordinated Ether Electrolytes for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5964-5976. [PMID: 38381843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Fluorinated ethers have become promising electrolyte solvent candidates for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) because they are endowed with high oxidative stability and high Coulombic efficiencies of lithium metal stripping/plating. Up to now, most reported fluorinated ether electrolytes are -CF3-based, and the influence of ion solvation in modifying degree of fluorination has not been well-elucidated. In this work, we synthesize a hexacyclic coordinated ether (1-methoxy-3-ethoxypropane, EMP) and its fluorinated ether counterparts with -CH2F (F1EMP), -CHF2 (F2EMP), or -CF3 (F3EMP) as terminal group. With lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as single salt, the solvation structure, Li-ion transport behavior, lithium deposition kinetics, and high-voltage stability of the electrolytes were systematically studied. Theoretical calculations and spectra reveal the gradually reduced solvating power from nonfluorinated EMP to fully fluorinated F3EMP, which leads to decreased ionic conductivity. In contrast, the weakly solvating fluorinated ethers possess higher Li+ transference number and exchange current density. Overall, partially fluorinated -CHF2 is demonstrated as the desired group. Further full cell testing using high-voltage (4.4 V) and high-loading (3.885 mAh cm-2) LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode demonstrates that F2EMP electrolyte enables 80% capacity retention after 168 cycles under limited Li (50 μm) and lean electrolyte (5 mL Ah-1) conditions and 129 cycles under extremely lean electrolyte (1.8 mL Ah-1) and the anode-free conditions. This work deepens the fundamental understanding on the ion transport and interphase dynamics under various degrees of fluorination and provides a feasible approach toward the design of fluorinated ether electrolytes for practical high-voltage LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Qing Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Fan
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dubin Huang
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Aijun Li
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Yang XT, Han C, Xie YM, Fang R, Zheng S, Tian JH, Lin XM, Zhang H, Mao BW, Gu Y, Wang YH, Li JF. Highly Stable Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tuning the Molecular Polarity of Diluents in Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311393. [PMID: 38287737 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Electrolyte plays a crucial role in ensuring stable operation of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have the potential to form a robust solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and mitigate Li dendrite growth, making them a highly promising electrolyte option. However, the principles governing the selection of diluents, a crucial component in LHCE, have not been clearly determined, hampering the advancement of such a type of electrolyte systems. Herein, the diluents from the perspective of molecular polarity are rationally designed and developed. A moderately fluorinated solvent, 1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane (TNE), is employed as a diluent to create a novel LHCE. The unique molecular structure of TNE enhances the intrinsic dipole moment, thereby altering solvent interactions and the coordination environment of Li-ions in LHCE. The achieved solvation structure not only enhances the bulk properties of LHCE, but also facilitates the formation of more stable anion-derived SEIs featured with a higher proportion of inorganic species. Consequently, the corresponding full cells of both Li||LiFePO4 and Li||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cells utilizing Li thin-film anodes exhibit extended long-term stability with significantly improved average Coulombic efficiency. This work offers new insights into the functions of diluents in LHCEs and provides direction for further optimizing the LHCEs for LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tao Yang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chong Han
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yi-Meng Xie
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Rong Fang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shisheng Zheng
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jing-Hua Tian
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Analytical Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Analytical Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
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7
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Huang Y, Wang C, Lv H, Xie Y, Zhou S, Ye Y, Zhou E, Zhu T, Xie H, Jiang W, Wu X, Kong X, Jin H, Ji H. Bifunctional Interphase Promotes Li + De-Solvation and Transportation Enabling Fast-Charging Graphite Anode at Low Temperature. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308675. [PMID: 38100819 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The most successful lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on ethylene carbonate electrolytes and graphite anodes still suffer from severe energy and power loss at temperatures below -20 °C, which is because of high viscosity or even solidification of electrolytes, sluggish de-solvation of Li+ at the electrode surface, and slow Li+ transportation in solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Here, a coherent lithium phosphide (Li3 P) coating firmly bonding to the graphite surface to effectively address these challenges is engineered. The dense, continuous, and robust Li3 P interphase with high ionic conductivity enhances Li+ transportation across the SEI. Plus, it promotes Li+ de-solvation through an electron transfer mechanism, which simultaneously accelerates the charge transport kinetics and stands against the co-intercalation of low-melting-point solvent molecules, such as propylene carbonate (PC), 1,3-dioxolane, and 1,2-dimethoxyethane. Consequently, an unprecedented combination of high-capacity retention and fast-charging ability for LIBs at low temperatures is achieved. In full-cells encompassing the Li3 P-coated graphite anode and PC electrolytes, an impressive 70% of their room-temperature capacity is attained at -20 °C with a 4 C charging rate and a 65% capacity retention is achieved at -40 °C with a 0.05 C charging rate. This research pioneers a transformative trajectory in fortifying LIB performance in cryogenic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshan Huang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yuansen Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Ningde Amperex Technology Limited (ATL), Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Shaoyun Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Ningde Amperex Technology Limited (ATL), Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Yadong Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - En Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Huanyu Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xianghua Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hongchang Jin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hengxing Ji
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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8
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Zhu C, He X, Shi Y, Wang Z, Hao B, Chen W, Yang H, Zhang L, Ji H, Liu J, Yan C, Zhou J, Qian T. Strong Replaces Weak: Design of H-Bond Interactions Enables Cryogenic Aqueous Zn Metal Batteries. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21614-21625. [PMID: 37916674 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the numerous advantages of aqueous Zn batteries, their practical application under cryogenic conditions is hindered by the freezing of the electrolyte because the abundance of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) between H2O molecules drives the aqueous system to transform to an orderly frozen structure. Here, a design of H-bond interactions based on the guiding ideology of "strong replaces weak" is proposed. The strong H-bonds formed between introduced eutectic components and water molecules break down the weak H-bonds in the original water molecule network, which contributes to an ultralow freezing point and a high ionic conductivity of 1.7 mS cm-1 at -40 °C. Based on multiperspective theoretical simulations and tailor-made in situ cooling Raman characterizations, it has been demonstrated that substituting weak H-bonds with strong H-bonds facilitates the structural reshaping of Zn2+ solvation and remodeling of the H-bond network in the electrolyte. Endowed with this advantage, reversible and stable Zn plating/stripping behaviors could be realized at -40 °C, and the full cells display a high discharge capacity (200 mA h g-1) at -40 °C with ∼75% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. This study will expand the design philosophy of antifreezing aqueous electrolytes and provide a perspective to promote the adoption of Zn metal batteries for cryogenic environment large-scale energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuye He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojiu Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanhao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoqing Ji
- Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Yan
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and Key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
- Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
- Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
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