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Li H, Li Y, Zhang L, Hu E, Zhao D, Guo H, Qian G. A Thermo-Responsive MOFs for X-Ray Scintillator. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405535. [PMID: 38862407 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Thermo-responsive smart materials have aroused extensive interest due to the particular significance of temperature sensing. Although various photoluminescent materials are explored in thermal detection, it is not applicable enough in X-ray radiation environment where the accuracy and reliability will be influenced. Here, a strategy is proposed by introducing the concept of radio-luminescent functional building units (RBUs) to construct thermo-responsive lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) scintillators for self-calibrating thermometry. The rational designs of RBUs (including organic ligand and Tb3+/Eu3+) with appropriate energy levels lead to high-performance radio-luminescence. Ln-MOFs scintillators exhibit perfect linear response to X-ray, presenting low dose rate detection limit (min ≈156.1 nGyairs-1). Self-calibrating detection based on ratiometric XEL intensities is achieved with good absolute and relative sensitivities of 6.74 and 8.1%K-1, respectively. High relative light yield (max ≈39000 photons MeV-1), imaging spatial resolution (max ≈18 lp mm-1), irradiation stability (intensity ≈100% at 368 K in total dose up to 215 Gyair), and giant color transformation visualization benefit the applications, especially the in situ thermo-responsive X-ray imaging. Such strategy provides a promising way to develop the novel smart photonic materials with excellent scintillator performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Li
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Enlai Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Dian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Guodong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Mutoh K, Kobayashi Y, Nakashima T. A Hexaarylbiimidazole-Terarylene Hybrid: Visible-to-NIR-II Absorption via Sequential Photochromic Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410115. [PMID: 38894673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A synergetic interaction between two or more photochromic chromophores has a potential to achieve advanced photochemical properties beyond conventional photochromic molecules and to realize photochemical control of complex systems using only a single molecule. Herein, we report a hybrid photochromic molecule consisting of hexaarylbiimidazole (HABI) and terarylene that exhibits multi-state photochromism. The biphotochrome hybrid shows four-state photochromic reaction involving sequentially proceeding photoreactions. The UV or visible light irradiation to the biphotochrome leads to the C-N bond breaking reaction of the HABI in preference to the ring-closing reaction of the 6π-electron system in the terarylene unit, leading to two terarylene radical molecules. The photogenerated terarylene radical further exhibits the 6π-electrocyclization reaction by UV irradiation. The delocalized π-radical on the closed-ring form of the terarylene is efficient to enhance the photosensitivity to the NIR-I and -II region. Furthermore, a recombination reaction of radicals between the open- and closed-ring isomers of terarylene affords an unprecedented photochromic dimer as a structural isomer of the initial molecule. This is a consequence of the sequential hybrid photochromic system involving the HABI and terarylene units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Mutoh
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
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Sheng J, Perego J, Bracco S, Cieciórski P, Danowski W, Comotti A, Feringa BL. Orthogonal Photoswitching in a Porous Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404878. [PMID: 38530132 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of photoresponsive systems with non-invasive orthogonal control by distinct wavelengths of light is still in its infancy. In particular, the design of photochemically triggered-orthogonal systems integrated into solid materials that enable multiple dynamic control over their properties remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we report the orthogonal and reversible control of two types of photoswitches in an integrated solid porous framework, that is, visible-light responsive o-fluoroazobenzene and nitro-spiropyran motifs. The properties of the constructed material can be selectively controlled by different wavelengths of light thus generating four distinct states providing a basis for dynamic multifunctional materials. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy demonstrated the selective transformation of the azobenzene switch in the bulk, which in turn modulates N2 and CO2 adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Sheng
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
- Present address: Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jacopo Perego
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milan, 20125, Italy
| | - Silvia Bracco
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milan, 20125, Italy
| | - Piotr Cieciórski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Danowski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angiolina Comotti
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milan, 20125, Italy
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
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Zhong W, Shang L. Photoswitching the fluorescence of nanoparticles for advanced optical applications. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6218-6228. [PMID: 38699274 PMCID: PMC11062085 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00114a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic optical response properties and the distinct features of nanomaterials make photoswitchable fluorescent nanoparticles (PF NPs) attractive candidates for advanced optical applications. Over the past few decades, the design of PF NPs by coupling photochromic and fluorescent motifs at the nanoscale has been actively pursued, and substantial efforts have been made to exploit their potential applications. In this perspective, we critically summarize various design principles for fabricating these PF NPs. Then, we discuss their distinct optical properties from different aspects by highlighting the capability of NPs in fabricating new, robust photoswitch systems. Afterwards, we introduce the pivotal role of PF NPs in advanced optical applications, including sensing, anti-counterfeiting and imaging. Finally, current challenges and future development of PF NPs are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Li Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) Xi'an 710072 China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057 China
- Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University Chongqing 401135 China
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Saßmannshausen T, Kunz A, Oberhof N, Schneider F, Slavov C, Dreuw A, Wachtveitl J, Wegner HA. Wavelength Selective Photocontrol of Hybrid Azobenzene-Spiropyran Photoswitches with Overlapping Chromophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314112. [PMID: 38059778 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Compounds with multiple photoswitching units are appealing for complex photochemical control of molecular materials and nanostructures. Herein, we synthesized novel meta- and para- connected (related to the nitrogen of the indoline) azobenzene-spiropyran dyads, in which the central benzene unit is shared by both switches. We investigated their photochemistry using static and time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations. In the meta-compound, the individual components are photochemically decoupled due to the meta-pattern. In the para-compound the spiro-connectivity leads to a bifunctional photoswitchable system with a red-shifted absorption. The azobenzene and the spiropyran can thus be addressed and switched independently by light of appropriate wavelength. Through the different connectivity patterns two different orthogonally photoswitchable systems have been obtained which are promising candidates for complex applications of light control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Saßmannshausen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Kunz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35382, Giessen, Germany
- Center of Material Research (LaMa/ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nils Oberhof
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friederike Schneider
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chavdar Slavov
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E: Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35382, Giessen, Germany
- Center of Material Research (LaMa/ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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