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Qi Y, Xu M, Lu H, Wang X, Peng Y, Wang Z, Liang F, Jiang X, Du B. Hepatic Biotransformation of Renal Clearable Gold Nanoparticles for Noninvasive Detection of Liver Glutathione Level via Urinalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409477. [PMID: 38877855 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Renal clearable nanoparticles have been drawing much attention as they can avoid prolonged accumulation in the body by efficiently clearing through the kidneys. While much effort has been made to understand their interactions within the kidneys, it remains unclear whether their transport could be influenced by other organs, such as the liver, which plays a crucial role in metabolizing and eliminating both endogenous and exogenous substances through various biotransformation processes. Here, by utilizing renal clearable IRDye800CW conjugated gold nanocluster (800CW4-GS18-Au25) as a model, we found that although 800CW4-GS18-Au25 strongly resisted serum-protein binding and exhibited minimal accumulation in the liver, its surface was still gradually modified by hepatic glutathione-mediated biotransformation when passing through the liver, resulting in the dissociation of IRDye800CW from Au25 and biotransformation-generated fingerprint message of 800CW4-GS18-Au25 in urine, which allowed us to facilely quantify its urinary biotransformation index (UBI) via urine chromatography analysis. Moreover, we observed the linear correlation between UBI and hepatic glutathione concentration, offering us a noninvasive method for quantitative detection of liver glutathione level through a simple urine test. Our discoveries would broaden the fundamental understanding of in vivo transport of nanoparticles and advance the development of urinary probes for noninvasive biodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Qi
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
| | - Mingze Xu
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
| | - Huixu Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Xiaoxian Wang
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yexi Peng
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Fengying Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
| | - Xingya Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bujie Du
- Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, P.R. China
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Sang D, Luo X, Liu J. Biological Interaction and Imaging of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:44. [PMID: 38047998 PMCID: PMC10695915 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), serving as a bridge between small molecules and traditional inorganic nanoparticles, create significant opportunities to address many challenges in the health field. This review discusses the recent advances in the biological interactions and imaging of ultrasmall AuNPs. The challenges and the future development directions of the ultrasmall AuNPs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmiao Sang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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