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Xu J, Huang W, Li M, Kang C, Jiang G, Ji F. Selective Synthesis of Amides and α-Ketoamides via Electrochemical Decarboxylation and Dehydration. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10498-10510. [PMID: 39010800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical and selective decarboxylation and dehydration using α-keto acids with amines is accomplished, which leads to the easy accessibility of amides and α-ketoamides, which are not only ubiquitous and valuable structure motifs found in pharmaceuticals, but also versatile building blocks in synthetic chemistry. Notably, for this efficient and green protocol, neither metal catalysts nor external oxidants are required. The process exhibits a broad scope and functional group tolerance to deliver various amides and α-ketoamides. Moreover, these two reactions have also been applied to late-stage derivatization and can be safely conducted on gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
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2
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Chen JH, Zhang LR, Wang ZY, Liu LJ, Tu LP, Zhang Y, Chen YZ, Han WY. De Novo Synthesis of α-Ketoamides via Pd/TBD Synergistic Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404266. [PMID: 38986026 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Precisely controlling the product selectivity of a reaction is an important objective in organic synthesis. α-Ketoamides are vital intermediates in chemical transformations and privileged motifs in numerous drugs, natural products, and biologically active molecules. The selective synthesis of α-ketoamides from feedstock chemicals in a safe and operationally simple manner under mild conditions is a long-standing catalysis challenge. Herein, an unprecedented TBD-switched Pd-catalyzed double isocyanide insertion reaction for assembling ketoamides in aqueous DMSO from (hetero)aryl halides and pseudohalides under mild conditions is reported. The effectiveness and utility of this protocol are demonstrated by its diverse substrate scope (93 examples), the ability to late-stage modify pharmaceuticals, scalability to large-scale synthesis, and the synthesis of pharmaceutically active molecules. Mechanistic studies indicate that TBD is a key ligand that modulates the Pd-catalyzed double isocyanide insertion process, thereby selectively providing the desired α-ketoamides in a unique manner. In addition, the imidoylpalladium(II) complex and α-ketoimine amide are successfully isolated and determined by X-ray analysis, confirming that they are probable intermediates in the catalytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-He Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Li-Ren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Zhang-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Lu-Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Li-Ping Tu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 West Xuefu Rd., Zunyi, 563006, China
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Gong C, Huang J, Cai L, Yuan Y, Pu T, Huang M, Wu SH, Wang L. Visible-Light-Promoted Thiolation of Benzyl Chlorides with Thiosulfonates via a Photoactive Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9450-9461. [PMID: 38867507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Visible-light-promoted thiolation of benzyl chlorides with thiosulfonates is disclosed via an electron donor-acceptor complex strategy. In addition to efficiently delivering a series of arylbenzylsulfide compounds, versatile thioglycosides were also successfully constructed by applying the metal- and photocatalyst-free protocol. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that a radical-radical coupling process was involved in this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gong
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Jialun Huang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Liuyan Cai
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Yuan
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Tonglv Pu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Huang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Si-Hai Wu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Huan XD, Wang X, Li GQ, Xiao WJ, Chen JR. Recent advances in C(sp 3)-N bond formation via metallaphoto-redox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6340-6361. [PMID: 38832416 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The C(sp3)-N bond is ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, biologically active molecules and functional materials. Consequently, the development of practical and efficient methods for C(sp3)-N bond formation has attracted more and more attention. Compared to the conventional ionic pathway-based thermal methods, photochemical processes that proceed through radical mechanisms by merging photoredox and transition-metal catalyses have emerged as powerful and alternative tools for C(sp3)-N bond formation. In this review, recent advances in the burgeoning field of C(sp3)-N bond formation via metallaphotoredox catalysis have been highlighted. The contents of this review are categorized according to the transition metals used (copper, nickel, cobalt, palladium, and iron) together with photocatalysis. Emphasis is placed on methodology achievements and mechanistic insight, aiming to inspire chemists to invent more efficient radical-involved C(sp3)-N bond-forming reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Xiao-Die Huan
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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Dai NN, Lu YJ, Wu ZQ, Zhou Y, Tong Y, Tang K, Li Q, Zhang JQ, Liu Y, Wei WT. Copper-Catalyzed Radical Relay 1,3-Carbocarbonylation across Two Distinct C═C Bonds. Org Lett 2024; 26:3014-3019. [PMID: 38547326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The radical relay provides an effective paradigm for intermolecular assembly to achieve functionalization across remote chemical bonds. Herein, we report the first radical relay 1,3-carbocarbonylation of α-carbonyl alkyl bromides across two separate C═C bonds. The reaction is highly chemo- and regioselective, with two C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds and one C═O bond formed in a single orchestrated operation. In addition, the synthesis method under mild conditions and using inexpensive copper as the catalyst allows facile access to structurally diverse 1,3-carbocarbonylation products. The plausible mechanism is investigated through a series of control experiments, including radical trapping, radical clock experiments, critical intermediate trapping, and 18O labeling experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Dai
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Lu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Wu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Ying Tong
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Keqi Tang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China
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He C, Wang Q, Zhou X, Yi L, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Xie H, Huang Q, Qiu G, Yang M. Photocatalytic Cyclization Cascades by Radical Relay toward Pyrrolo[1,2- a]indoles: Synthesis, Mechanism, and Application. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3509-3524. [PMID: 38362658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A photocatalytic annulation cascade of unactivated N-alkene-linked indoles with Langlois' reagent by a radical relay is developed at room temperature under blue LED irradiation. The reaction afforded a series of tri/difluoromethylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in moderate to good yields. The DFT study suggests that the reaction is ascribed to a rhodamine 6G-induced cyclization cascade involving vinyl addition-radical relay and hydrogen-atom-abstraction (HAA) processes, and interestingly, pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles are applied as fluorescent dyes into the fluorescence spectrum and live-cell imaging. This paper represents an initial example on photocatalytic cyclization cascades by radical relay and the HAA process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Lin Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province 318000, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Y2, second Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, China
| | - Qitong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001 Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensors of Ganzhou, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341000, China
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Zhang Y, Teng BH, Wu XF. Copper-catalyzed trichloromethylative carbonylation of ethylene. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1418-1423. [PMID: 38274060 PMCID: PMC10806816 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05530b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Difunctionalization of alkenes is an efficient strategy for the synthesis of complex compounds from readily available starting materials. Herein, we developed a copper-catalyzed visible-light-mediated trichloromethylative carbonylation of ethylene by employing commercially available CCl4 and CO as trichloromethyl and carbonyl sources, respectively. With this protocol, various nucleophiles including amines, phenols, and alcohols can be rapidly transformed into β-trichloromethyl carboxylic acid derivatives with good functional-group tolerance. Bis-vinylated γ-trichloromethyl amides can also be obtained by adjusting the pressure of carbon monoxide and ethylene. In addition, this photocatalytic system can be successfully applied in the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules and pharmaceutical derivatives as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai 201620 China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Bing-Hong Teng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University 850 Huanghe Road Dalian 116029 China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
- Leibniz-Institut Für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straβe 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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Zheng Y, Teng BH, Zhang Y, Wu XF. Photo-Induced Carbonylation of Aryl Bromides for the Synthesis of Aryl Esters and Amides Under Transition Metal-Free Conditions. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300766. [PMID: 37730903 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a photo-induced carbonylation of aryl bromides under transition metal-free conditions. The reaction shows good activity with alcohol and amine nucleophiles. Various esters and amides were formed from aryl halides and alcohols and amines under mild conditions in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bing-Hong Teng
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Youcan Zhang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Straβe 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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