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Joseph E, Tunge JA. Cobalt-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation at sp 3-Carbon Centers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401707. [PMID: 38869446 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The rising demand and financial costs of noble transition metal catalysts have emphasized the need for sustainable catalytic approaches. Over the past few years, base-metal catalysts have emerged as ideal candidates to replace their noble-metal counterparts because of their abundance and easiness of handling. Despite the significant advancements achieved with precious transition metals, earth-abundant cobalt catalysts have emerged as efficient alternatives for allylic substitution reactions. In this review, allylic alkylations at sp3-carbon centers mediated by cobalt will be discussed, with a special focus on the mechanistic features, scope, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebbin Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Rd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Jon A Tunge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Rd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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2
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Li Y, Bai H, Gao Q, Liu K, Han J, Li W, Zhu C, Xie J. Stereoselective benzylic C(sp 3)-H alkenylation enabled by metallaphotoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12511-12516. [PMID: 39118628 PMCID: PMC11304817 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02830a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective activation of the benzylic C(sp3)-H bond is pivotal for the construction of complex organic frameworks. Achieving precise selectivity among C-H bonds with comparable energetic and steric profiles remains a profound synthetic challenge. Herein, we unveil a site- and stereoselective benzylic C(sp3)-H alkenylation utilizing metallaphotoredox catalysis. Various linear and cyclic (Z)-all-carbon tri- and tetrasubstituted olefins can be smoothly obtained. This strategy can be applied to complex substrates with multiple benzylic sites, previously deemed unsuitable due to the uncontrollable site-selectivity. In addition, sensitive functional groups such as terminal alkenyl and TMS groups are compatible under the mild conditions. The exceptional site-selectivity and broad substrate compatibility are attributed to the visible-light catalyzed relay electron transfer-proton transfer process. More importantly, we have extended this methodology to achieve enantioselective benzylic C(sp3)-H alkenylation, producing highly enantioenriched products. The applicability and scalability of our protocol are further validated through late-stage functionalization of complex structures and gram-scale operations, underscoring its practicality and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Haonan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China
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Liu Q, Wang X, Gu X, Dai H, Huang Z, Zhao Y. Visible-Light-Induced Difunctionalization of 3-Butenoic Acid with Bromodifluoromethyl Heteroarylsulfones. Org Lett 2024; 26:6449-6453. [PMID: 39037910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a visible-light-induced iridium-promoted direct bifunctionalization of 3-butenoic acid with bromodifluoromethyl heteroarylsulfones. This methodology enables the concurrent introduction of difluoromethyl heteroarylsulfone and bromine groups into 3-butenoic acid under mild reaction conditions. Various α-substituted 3-butenoic acids and bromodifluoromethyl heteroarylsulfones were found to be compatible, yielding the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. This method opens a new route for the synthesis of fluorocarboxylic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Gu
- Yonghua Chemical Co., Ltd., Xiangqiao Village, Zhitang (heshi) Town, Changshu 215500, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Dai
- Yonghua Chemical Co., Ltd., Xiangqiao Village, Zhitang (heshi) Town, Changshu 215500, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, P. R. China
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Ji WJ, Han W, Ren YY, Ma M, Shen ZL, Chu XQ. Silver-Promoted Three-Component Synthesis of Perfluoroalkenyl Pyrroles through Partial Defluorinative Functionalization of Perfluoroalkyl Halides. Org Lett 2024; 26:6197-6202. [PMID: 39004858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
A silver-promoted three-component heterocyclization of alkynes, perfluoroalkyl halides, and 1,3-dinucleophiles was developed for the efficient synthesis of privileged (E)-perfluoroalkenyl pyrroles. The reaction proceeded through a rationally designed sequence of radical perfluoroalkylation and intramolecular defluorinative [3 + 2]-heterocyclization. The utility of perfluoroalkyl halide as a perfluoroalkenyl reagent, by selective and controllable functionalization of two inert C(sp3)-F bonds at vicinal carbon centers on the perfluoroalkyl chain, provides a new reaction mode for the synthesis of value-added organofluorides starting from the easily available and low-cost fluorinated feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Ji
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtao Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Liang Shen
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Chu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, People's Republic of China
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Zhao CG, Cai J, Du C, Gao Q, Han J, Xie J. Manganese(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 2)-C(sp 3) Bond-Forming for the Synthesis of Skipped Dienes with Synergistic Aminocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400177. [PMID: 38488857 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Mn(I)-catalyzed enantioselective C-C bond-forming reactions represent a great challenge in homogeneous catalysis primarily due to a limited understanding of its mechanistic principles. Herein, we have developed an interesting catalytic strategy that leverages a synergistic combination of a dimeric manganese(I) catalyst and a chiral aminocatalyst to address this issue. A range of conjugated dienals and trienals can exclusively proceed 1,4-hydroalkenylation by using readily available aromatic and aliphatic alkenyl boronic acids as coupling partners, producing a rich library of skipped diene aldehydes in synthetically useful yields and high levels of enantioselectivities. Notably, downstream transformations of these products can not only afford a concise approach to construct enantioenriched skipped trienes but also realize enantioselective total synthesis of analogues to (-)-Blepharocalyxin D in four steps. DFT calculations suggest the 1,4-hydroalkenylation is kinetically more favorable than 1,6-hydroalkenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junzhe Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chaoyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Liu J, Lu Y, Zhu L, Lei X. Construction of indolizine scaffolds from α,ω-alkynoic acids and α,ω-vinylamines via sequential-relay catalysis in "one pot". Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2474-2479. [PMID: 38440950 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of a diverse range of aryl-fused indolizin-3-ones through sequential Au(I)-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation, aminolysis, and cyclization, followed by ruthenium-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis. Moderate to good yields were observed with satisfactory substrate scope and functional group tolerance. The developed protocol represents a practical strategy for the construction of bioactive aryl-fused indolizin-3-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiami Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong Zone, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong Zone, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong Zone, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xinsheng Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong Zone, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Kumar Jha R, Rohilla K, Jain S, Parganiha D, Kumar S. Blue-Light Irradiated Mn(0)-Catalyzed Hydroxylation and C(sp 3 )-H Functionalization of Unactivated Alkanes with C(sp 2 )-H Bonds of Quinones for Alkylated Hydroxy Quinones and Parvaquone. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303537. [PMID: 37991931 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Site-selective C(sp3 )-H functionalization of unreactive hydrocarbons is always challenging due to its inherited chemical inertness, slightly different reactivity of various C-H bonds, and intrinsically high bond dissociation energies. Here, a site-selective C-H alkylation of naphthoquinone with unactivated hydrocarbons using Mn2 (CO)10 as a catalyst under blue-light (457 nm) irradiation without any external acid or base and pre-functionalization is presented. The selective C-H functionalization of tertiary over secondary and secondary over primary C(sp3 )-H bonds in abundant chemical feedstocks was achieved, and hydroxylation of quinones was realized in situ by employing the developed methodology. This protocol provides a new catalytic system for the direct construction of high-value-added compounds, namely, parvaquone (a commercially available drug used to treat theileriosis) and its derivatives under ambient reaction conditions. Moreover, this operationally simple protocol applies to various linear-, branched-, and cyclo-alkanes with high degrees of site selectivity under blue-light irradiated conditions and could provide rapid and straightforward access to versatile methodologies for upgrading feedstock chemicals. Mechanistic insight by radical trapping, radical scavenging, EPR, and other controlled experiments well corroborated with DFT studies suggest that the reaction proceeds by a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Kumar Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Komal Rohilla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Devendra Parganiha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sangit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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