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Shi F, Xu L, Zhao J, Li Z, Zhang W, Yang Y, Li H. Efficient multicolour and white circularly polarized luminescence from liquid crystalline polymer networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11096-11099. [PMID: 39279724 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02966f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Twelve liquid crystalline polymer network films were fabricated through photopolymerization of cholesteric liquid-crystalline mixtures containing two aggregation-induced emissive-active luminogens. The films exhibit multicolour and white circularly polarized luminescence with dissymmetry factors up to 0.85 and fluorescence quantum yields up to 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Shi
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Liting Xu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Zonglin Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yonggang Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hongkun Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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Wang W, Gong J, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wen W, Zhao Z, Li YJ, Wang J, Huang CZ, Gao PF. Integration of Wallach's Rule into Intermolecular Charge Transfer: A Visual Strategy for Chiral Purification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403249. [PMID: 39013078 PMCID: PMC11425254 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the molecular packing and interaction between chiral molecules, no matter single enantiomer or racemates, is important for recognition and resolution of chiral drugs. However, sensitive and non-destructive analysis methods are lacking. Herein, an intermolecular-charge transfer (ICT) based spectroscopy is reported to reveal the differences in interaction between the achiral acceptor 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) and the chiral donors, including S, R, and racemic naproxen (S/R/rac-NAP). In this process, S-NAP+TCNB and R-NAP+TCNB display a narrower band gap attributed to the newly formed ICT state. In contrast, the mixed rac-NAP and TCNB exhibit almost no significant change due to the strong affinity between the stereoisomers according to the Wallach's rule. Thus, S/R-NAP can be easily distinguished from rac-NAP based on significantly different optical behavior. The single crystal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and theoretical calculation of naproxen confirm the importance of carboxyl for this differentiation in molecular packing and interaction. In addition, the esterification derivatization of naproxen achieves the manipulation of the intermolecular interaction model of racemates from the absolute Wallach's rule to a coexisting form of Wallach's rule and ICT. Further, visualized chiral purification of naproxen by the simple cocrystallization method is achieved through the collaboration of ICT and Wallach's rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical AnalyticsChongqing Science and Technology BureauCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Jianye Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic SynthesisInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot010021China
| | - Jiaqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical AnalyticsChongqing Science and Technology BureauCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft‐Matter Material Chemistry and Function ManufacturingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Wei Wen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft‐Matter Material Chemistry and Function ManufacturingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Yan Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical AnalyticsChongqing Science and Technology BureauCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic SynthesisInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot010021China
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical AnalyticsChongqing Science and Technology BureauCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
| | - Peng Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical AnalyticsChongqing Science and Technology BureauCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China
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Geng Z, Wang Z, Zhu SE, Wang P, Yao K, Cheng Y, Chu B. Tunable circularly polarized luminescence behaviors caused by the structural symmetry of achiral pyrene-based emitters in chiral co-assembled systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:561-568. [PMID: 38729004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The regulation of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) behavior is of great significance for practical applications. Herein, we deliberately designed three achiral pyrene derivatives (Py-1, Py-2, and Py-3) with different butoxy-phenyl substituents and the chiral binaphthyl-based inducer (R/S-B) with anchored dihedral angle to construct chiral co-assemblies, and explored their induced CPL behaviors. Interestingly, the resulting co-assemblies demonstrate tunable CPL emission behaviors caused by the structural symmetry effect of achiral pyrene-based emitters during the chiral co-assembly process. And in spin-coated films, the dissymmetry factor (gem) values were 9.1 × 10-3 for (R/S-B)1-(Py-1)10, 5.6 × 10-2 for (R/S-B)1-(Py-2)7, and 8.6 × 10-4 for (R/S-B)1-(Py-3)1, respectively. The strongest CPL emission (|gem| = 5.6 × 10-2, λem = 423 nm, QY = 34.8 %) was detected on (R/S-B)1-(Py-2)7 due to the formation of regular and ordered helical nanofibers through the strong π-π stacking interaction between the R/S-B and the achiral Py-2 emitter. The strategy presented here provides a creative approach for progressively regulating CPL emission behaviors in the chiral co-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Geng
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Zhentan Wang
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - San-E Zhu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Kun Yao
- School of Chemical and Printing-Dyeing Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, PR China.
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Benfa Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, PR China.
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Wen X, Wang F, Du S, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Liu M. Achiral Solvent Inversed Helical Pathway and Cosolvent Controlled Excited-State "Majority Rule" in Enantiomeric Dansulfonamide Assemblies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401954. [PMID: 38733233 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Achiral solvents are commonly utilized to induce the self-assembly of chiral molecules. This study demonstrates that achiral solvents can trigger helicity inversion in the assemblies of dansyl amphiphiles and control the excited-state "majority rule" in assemblies composed of pure enantiomers, through variation of the cosolvent ratio. Specifically, enantiomers of dansyl amphiphiles self-assemble into helical structures with opposite handedness in methanol (MeOH) and acetonitrile (MeCN), together with inversed circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals. When a mixture of MeOH and MeCN is employed, the achiral cosolvents collectively affect the CPL of the assemblies in a way similar to that of "mixed enantiomers". The dominant cosolvent governs the CPL signal. As the cosolvent composition shifts from pure MeCN to MeOH, the CPL signals undergo a significant inversion and amplification, with two maxima observed at ≈20% MeOH and 20% MeCN. This study deepens the comprehension of how achiral solvents modulate helical nanostructures and their excited-state chiroptical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Sifan Du
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Likhar AR, Cheran A, Sengupta A, Dutta C, Kumar J, Asthana D. Aggregation-induced generation of circularly polarized luminescence in naphthaleneimide-based nanostructures with high dissymmetry factor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9022-9025. [PMID: 39021162 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02425g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Extensive efforts have been dedicated towards designing new organic materials that display solid-state fluorescence and possess optical activity, thereby leading to the fabrication of materials emitting circularly polarized light. Existing organic materials usually suffer from two limitations, a low dissymmetry factor (glum) and weak or no fluorescence in the solid state. Herein, we have demonstrated a naphthalene imide-based dyad system that remains fluorescent even in powder form and displays circularly polarized luminescence in its aggregated and solid state with significantly high glum values.
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Chu B, Song F, Wang P, Cheng Y, Geng Z. Amplified Circularly Polarized Luminescence Behavior in Chiral Co-assembled Liquid Crystal Polymer Films via the Strategic Manipulation of Chiral Inducers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26604-26612. [PMID: 38723622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
One of the most important factors for the future application of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials is their high dissymmetry factors (gem), and more and more studies are working tirelessly to focus on increasing the gem value. Herein, we chose an achiral liquid crystal polymer (LC-P) and two chiral binaphthyl-based inducers (R/S-3 and R/S-6) with different substitution positions (3,3' positions for R/S-3 and 6,6' positions for R/S-6) to construct chiral co-assemblies and explored their induced amplification CPL behaviors. Interestingly, after the thermal annealing treatment, this kind of chiral co-assembly (R/S-3)0.05-(LC-P)0.95 can emit a superior CPL signal (|gem| = 0.31 and λem = 424 nm), which achieves about 13-fold signal amplification in the spin-coated film, compared to (R/S-6)0.1-(LC-P)0.9 (|gem| = 0.023 and λem = 424 nm). This is because (R/S-3)0.05-(LC-P)0.95 could further co-assemble to form a more ordered arrangement LC state and generate regular helix nanofibers than that of (R/S-6)0.1-(LC-P)0.9. This work provides an efficient method for synthesizing high-quality CPL-active materials through the strategic manipulation of the structure of chiral binaphthyl-based inducers in chiral co-assembled LCP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benfa Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyang Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxing Geng
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
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Pan H, Hou B, Jiang Y, Liu M, Ren XK, Chen Z. Control of Kinetic Pathways toward Supramolecular Chiral Polymorphs for Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Chemistry 2024:e202400899. [PMID: 38576216 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
An amphiphilic aza-BODIPY dye (S)-1 bearing two chiral hydrophilic side chains with S-stereogenic centers was synthesized. This dye exhibited kinetic-controlled self-assembly pathways and supramolecular chiral polymorphism properties in MeOH/H2O (9/1, v/v) mixed solvent. The (S)-1 monomers first aggregated into a kinetic controlled, off-pathway species Agg. A, which was spontaneously transformed into an on-pathway metastable aggregate (Agg. B) and subsequently into the thermodynamic Agg. C. The three aggregate polymorphs of dye (S)-1 displayed distinct optical properties and nanomorphologies. In particular, chiral J-aggregation characteristics were observed for both Agg. B and Agg. C, such as Davydov-split absorption bands (Agg. B), extremely sharp and intense J-band with large bathochromic shift (Agg. C), non-diminished fluorescence upon aggregation, as well as strong bisignated Cotton effects. Moreover, the AFM and TEM studies revealed that Agg. A had the morphology of nanoparticle while fibril or rod-like helical nanostructures with left-handedness were observed respectively for Agg. B and Agg. C. By controlling the kinetic transformation process from Agg. B to Agg. C, thin films consisting of Agg. B and Agg. C with different ratios were prepared, which displayed tunable CPL with emission maxima at 788-805 nm and g-factors between -4.2×10-2 and -5.1×10-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Baokai Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiang-Kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Wang ST, Fang WH, Zhang J. Meltable Aluminum Molecular Rings with Fluorescence and Nonlinear Optical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400161. [PMID: 38247355 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Crystal-liquid-glass, which combines the tunable properties of crystalline compounds with the processability of glasses, has emerged as a new class of materials for fabricating bulk-shapable devices in real applications. Inspired by the characteristics of deep eutectic solvent (DES) mixtures involving significant depressions in melting points compared to their neat constituent components, in this study, we designed and synthesized the first examples of meltable aluminum oxo clusters (AlOCs) via lattice doping with DESs at the molecular level. The abundant and strong hydrogen bonding between the aluminum molecular ring, DES components, and lattice solvents is postulated to be the root that affords melting point depressions and, thus, "melting" clusters. We prepared a transparent bubble-free glass film under autogenous pressure using a hot-press method. These cluster-based films exhibited luminescent and nonlinear optical properties similar to those of pristine crystalline compounds. Our study belongs to the interdisciplinary disciplines of chemistry and physics. It not only breaks the limitations of crystalline glass on metal and ligand types but also acts as a general guide for extending the range of meltable crystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Tai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Guang L, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Liao R, Wang F. Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence of Benzils Achieved by Chiral Supramolecular Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315362. [PMID: 38117012 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In current approaches for circularly polarized phosphorescent materials, the crystallization of chiral phosphors suffers from poor processability, while integrating them into an amorphous polymer matrix results in unsatisfactory chiroptical signals due to the absence of chirality communication. Here, we have developed an innovative strategy through chiral supramolecular polymerization of benzil phosphors facilitated by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The inherent film-forming capabilities of non-covalent supramolecular polymers obviate the need for an external polymer matrix. The pronounced helical asymmetry of benzil phosphors resulting from chiral supramolecular polymerization leads to enhanced circularly polarized phosphorescence compared to their non-hydrogen-bonded counterparts. The circularly polarized phosphorescent signals can be further modulated by varying the location of stereogenic centers or introducing halogen bonding to benzils. Incorporation of platinum(II) phosphor into the benzil supramolecular polymers induces both chirality and triplet-to-triplet energy transfer, leading to a change in circularly polarized phosphorescent color from yellow to red. In summary, chiral supramolecular polymerization of phosphors represents a novel and effective approach to circularly polarized phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyu Guang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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