Mild and efficient Pd(P t Bu3 )2 -catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryl halides to aryl amides with high selectivity

Aminocarbonylation Reaction Using a Pd-Sn Heterobimetallic Catalyst: Three-Component Coupling for Direct Access of the Amide Functionality

A heterobimetallic "Pd-Sn" catalyst, namely, PdCl(PPh3)2SnCl3, efficiently catalyzes the aminocarbonylation reaction of aryl iodides with amines under the atmospheric pressure of CO in the absence of a base and additive. Primary, secondary, and alkyl amines all afforded the corresponding amides in good to excellent yields with high selectivity. A broad range of functional groups were tolerated. The method was further extended to the synthesis of biologically active isoindoline-1,3-diones in the presence of triethylamine. A mechanism is proposed for the reaction.

A New Method for the Synthesis of N, N-Diethyl-m-Methylbenzamide from m-Toluic Acid and Diethylamine Using 1,1'-Carbonyl-di-(1,2,4-triazole) (CDT) as Coupling Agent

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A new, simple method for the synthesis of N, N-dietyl-m-methylbenzamide (DEET) from m-toluic acid and diethylamine using 1,1'-carbonyl-di-(1,2,4-triazole) (CDT) as a coupling agent has been performed. The basic principles of activated carbonyls have been explored with the ability to prepare new amides easily. All reaction by-products are water-soluble as well as removed by filtration, the reaction could be purified easily in an aqueous solution by liquid-liquid extraction, and the product DEET was high purity. This experimental efficiency is about 94-95%, purity (HPLC): 97-98%.

Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Triphenylphosphine-Functionalized Porous Polymer as an Active and Recyclable Catalyst for the Carbonylation of Chloroacetates

Dialkyl malonates are important organic intermediates that are widely used as building blocks in organic synthesis. Herein, palladium nanoparticles supported on a triphenylphosphine-functionalized porous polymer were successfully developed as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of dialkyl malonates via the catalytic carbonylation of chloroacetates. The influence of reaction parameters such as solvent, base, and promoter on activity was carefully investigated. With a 1 mol% of palladium usage, excellent yields of dialkyl malonates were obtained. Importantly, the catalyst can be easily separated and reused at least four times, without a significant loss in reactivity. Furthermore, the developed catalyst was also highly active for the alkoxycarbonylation of α-chloro ketones.