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Presenjit, Chaturvedi S, Singh A, Gautam D, Singh K, Mishra AK. An Insight into the Effect of Schiff Base and their d and f Block Metal Complexes on Various Cancer Cell Lines as Anticancer Agents: A Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:488-503. [PMID: 38279753 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206280314231201111358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, an alarming rise in the percentage of individuals with cancer and those with multi-resistant illnesses has forced researchers to explore possibilities for novel therapeutic approaches. Numerous medications currently exist to treat various disorders, and the development of small molecules as anticancer agents has considerable potential. However, the widespread prevalence of resistance to multiple drugs in cancer indicates that it is necessary to discover novel and promising compounds with ideal characteristics that could overcome the multidrug resistance issue. The utilisation of metallo-drugs has served as a productive anticancer chemotherapeutic method, and this approach may be implemented for combating multi-resistant tumours more successfully. Schiff bases have been receiving a lot of attention as a group of compounds due to their adaptable metal chelating abilities, innate biologic properties, and versatility to tweak the structure to optimise it for a specific biological purpose. The biological relevance of Schiff base and related complexes, notably their anticancer effects, has increased in their popularity as bio-inorganic chemistry has progressed. As a result of learning about Schiff bases antitumor efficacy against multiple cancer cell lines and their complexes, researchers are motivated to develop novel, side-effect-free anticancer treatments. According to study reports from the past ten years, we are still seeking a powerful anticancer contender. This study highlights the potential of Schiff bases, a broad class of chemical molecules, as potent anticancer agents. In combination with other anticancer strategies, they enhance the efficacy of treatment by elevating the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy, surmounting drug resistance, and promoting targeted therapy. Schiff bases also cause cancer cell DNA repair, improve immunotherapy, prevent angiogenesis, cause apoptosis, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy. The present review explores the development of potential Schiff base and their d and f block metal complexes as anticancer agents against various cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Presenjit
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, 226025, Lucknow, India
| | - Shubhra Chaturvedi
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Zoology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Gautam
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kaman Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, 226025, Lucknow, India
| | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Radiological Nuclear and Imaging Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, 110054, Delhi, India
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Borrego-Muñoz P, Cardenas D, Ospina F, Coy-Barrera E, Quiroga D. Second-Generation Enamine-Type Schiff Bases as 2-Amino Acid-Derived Antifungals against Fusarium oxysporum: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, In Vitro Activity, 3D-QSAR, and In Vivo Effect. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010113. [PMID: 36675934 PMCID: PMC9866056 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, the synthesis of enamine-type Schiff bases 1−48 derived from the amino acids L-Ala, L-Tyr, and L-Phe was carried out. Their in vitro activity and in vivo protective effect against Fusarium oxysporum were also evaluated through mycelial growth inhibition and disease severity reduction under greenhouse conditions. The in vitro activity of test compounds 1−48 showed half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) at different levels below the 40 mM range. Deep analysis of the IC50 variations indicated that the size of the substituent on the acetylacetone derivatives and the electronic character on the cyclohexane-3-one fragment influenced the antifungal effect. 3D-QSAR models based on atoms (atom-based approach) were built to establish the structure−activity relationship of the test Schiff bases, showing a good correlation and predictive consistency (R2 > 0.70 and Q2 > 0.60). The respective contour analysis also provided information about the structural requirements for potentiating their antifungal activity. In particular, the amino acid-related fragment and the alkyl ester residue can favor hydrophobic interactions. In contrast, the nitrogen atoms and enamine substituent are favorable regions as H-donating and electron-withdrawing moieties. The most active compounds (40 and 41) protected cape gooseberry plants against F. oxysporum infection (disease severity index < 2), involving adequate physiological parameters (stomatal conductance > 150 mmol/m2s) after 45 days of inoculation. These promising results will allow the design of novel Schiff base-inspired antifungals using 2-amino acids as precursors.
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Majid SA, Mir JM, Jan G, Shalla AH. Schiff base complexes, cancer cell lines, and anticancer evaluation: a review. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2131402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gowhar Jan
- Department of Chemistry, IUST, Awantipora Pulwama, India
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Nath BD, Islam MM, Karim MR, Rahman S, Shaikh MAA, Georghiou PE, Menelaou M. Recent Progress in Metal‐Incorporated Acyclic Schiff‐Base Derivatives: Biological Aspects. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Dev Nath
- Chemical Research Division Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Monarul Islam
- Chemical Research Division Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaul Karim
- Chemical Research Division Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Shofiur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X7 Canada
| | - Md. Aftab Ali Shaikh
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Paris E. Georghiou
- Department of Chemistry Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X7 Canada
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Nandhini S, Dharani S, Elamathi C, Dallemer F, Prabhakaran R. Synthesis of tetranuclear complex of Pd(II) with thiosemicarbazone ligands derived from 2‐quinolone and its catalytic evaluation in Suzuki–Miyaura‐type coupling reactions and alkoxylation of chloroquinolines. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundar Nandhini
- Department of Chemistry Bharathiar University Coimbatore India
| | | | | | - Frederic Dallemer
- Laboratoire MADIREL CNRS UMR7246 Universite of Aix‐Marseille Marseille France
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Rigamonti L, Reginato F, Ferrari E, Pigani L, Gigli L, Demitri N, Kopel P, Tesarova B, Heger Z. From solid state to in vitro anticancer activity of copper(II) compounds with electronically-modulated NNO Schiff base ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:14626-14639. [PMID: 33057512 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03038d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The copper(ii) complexes of general formula [Cu(GL)(Cl)] (1-3, G = OMe, H and NO2, respectively), bearing tridentate Schiff base ligands (GL-) and a chloride as a fourth labile one, are here reported. The Schiff bases derive from the monocondensation of ethylenediamine and substituted salicylaldehyde, where the electronic properties are modulated by the releasing or withdrawing power of the G group. The compounds were structurally characterized through single crystal Synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments in the solid state, revealing that 1 (OMe) and 2 (H) adopt a dimeric assembly [Cu(μ-Cl)(GL)]2 through apical interaction of the chloride ions of two monomeric units, while 3 embraces a 1D polymeric chain structure [Cu(μ-Cl)(NO2L)]n with a similar bridging fashion, all supported by extended intramolecular or intrachain hydrogen bonds. The redox properties of the complexes were also studied by cyclic voltammetry with no marked effect of the substituent on the potential of the CuII/CuI redox system. UV/Vis spectroscopic studies in mimicked physiological conditions highlighted the intactness and stability of the coordinated NNO tridentate ligand in 1-3 and the lability of the coordinated chloride ion with the formation of the aquo-complexes [Cu(GL)(H2O)]+ in aqueous solution, as confirmed by conductance measurements with a 1 : 1 electrolyte molar conductivity. In vitro tests on cell viability were conducted on malignant cell lines typical for their poor prognosis and curability, revealing time-dependent and differential cytotoxicity given by the substituent G. All compounds were capable of formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and DNA intercalation, acting as nuclease and producing double-strand DNA breaks. This is especially effective for 3 (NO2), which revealed the highest anticancer activity against malignant triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, with a two-to-four-fold cytotoxicity enhancement with respect to 1 (OMe) and 2 (H), and, most important, substantial differentiation of cytotoxicity with respect to healthy endothelial HUVEC cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rigamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Reginato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Erika Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Laura Pigani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Lara Gigli
- Elettra Synchrotron Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5 - Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra Synchrotron Trieste, Strada Statale 14 - km 163.5 - Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, CZ-77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tesarova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, CZ-61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University, Zemedelska 1, CZ-61300, Brno, Czech Republic and Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612-00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Hegde GS, Bhat SS, Netalkar SP, Hegde PL, Kotian A, Butcher RJ, Revankar VK. The Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of aroylhydrazone of quinolone core: Syntheses, characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial and antitubercular activity. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abdelrhman EM, El‐Shetary B, Shebl M, Adly OM. Coordinating behavior of hydrazone ligand bearing chromone moiety towards Cu(II) ions: Synthesis, spectral, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, antitumor, and docking studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - B.A. El‐Shetary
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Magdy Shebl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Omima M.I. Adly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
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Elamathi C, Fronczek FR, Madankumar A, Prabhakaran R. Synthesis and spectral characterizations of water soluble Cu(ii) complexes containing N-heterocyclic chelates: cell-proliferation, antioxidant and nucleic acid/serum albumin interactions. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Water soluble N-heterocyclic copper(ii) complexes were synthesized, characterized and studied their DNA/protein binding interactions, antioxidation and antiproliferative potentials. The complex 4 found to be better than other complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Elamathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | | | - A. Madankumar
- Cancer biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai 600 119
- India
| | - R. Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
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Elamathi C, Butcher RJ, Mohankumar A, Sundararaj P, Madankumar A, Kalaivani P, Prabhakaran R. A quinoline-based probe for effective and selective sensing of aspartic acid in aqueous medium: in vitro and in vivo live cell imaging. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00992b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective “on–off–on” chemosensor for aspartic acid in aqueous solution was established. In vitro live cell imaging against MCF 7 cells and in vivo imaging using C. elegans were successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Elamathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641 046
- India
| | - R. J. Butcher
- Department of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Howard University
- Washington
- USA
| | - A. Mohankumar
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | - P. Sundararaj
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | - A. Madankumar
- Cancer Biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai 600 119
- India
| | - P. Kalaivani
- Department of Chemistry
- Nirmala College for Women
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641046
- India
| | - R. Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641 046
- India
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