Synthesis, characterization and application of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @CPTMO@DEA‐SO 3 H nanoparticles supported on bentonite nanoclay as a magnetic catalyst for the synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles

Triazine diphosphonium tetrachloroferrate ionic liquid immobilized on functionalized halloysite nanotubes as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of mono-, bis- and tris-benzothiazoles

Aminopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diphosphonium tetrachloroferrate immobilized on halloysite nanotubes [(APTDP)(FeCl4)2@HNT] was prepared and fully characterized using different techniques such as FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), SEM/EDX, elemental mapping, TEM, ICP-OES, and elemental analysis (EA). This nanocatalyst was found to be highly effective for synthesis of various benzothiazole derivatives in excellent yields under solvent-free conditions. Furthermore, bis- and tris-benzothiazoles were smoothly synthesized from dinitrile and trinitrile in the presence of this catalytic system. High yields and purity, easy work up procedure, high catalytic activity (high TON and TOF) and easy recovery and reusability of the catalyst make this method a useful and important addition to the present methodologies for preparation of these vital heterocyclic compounds.

Synthesis of New Zirconium Magnetic Nanocomposite as a Bioactive Agent and Green Catalyst in the Four-Component Synthesis of a Novel Multi-Ring Compound Containing Pyrazole Derivatives

New nanocomposites containing zirconium were synthesized using microwave irradiation. Their structure was confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) curves, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms. After the structure confirmation of the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite, the catalytic properties in the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives were investigated. Next, the biological activities of the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite, such as the antibacterial and antifungal activities, were investigated. The research results showed that the zirconium magnetic nanocomposite has high catalytic properties and can be used as a magnetic nanocatalyst for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds such as pyrazole derivatives in addition to having high biological properties. The unique properties of the nanoparticles can be attributed to their synthesis method and microwave radiation.

A novel biocompatible Eu-based coordination polymers of cytarabine anticancer drug: Preparation, luminescence properties and in vitro anticancer activity studies

In this study, we use cytarabine anticancer drug to synthesize a new rare earth complex with Europium ion. The study work is an attempt to investigate luminescence and biological properties of the Eu-based coordination polymers of cytarabine (Eu-CP-Ara) anticancer drug which have been prepared by us. Eu-CP-Ara has luminescence properties with emission centering at about 619 nm excited with 394 nm. We study cytarabine and Eu-CP-Ara in vitro cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity of Eu-CP-Ara against lung cancer cells (A549) could even be comparable to the inhibitory effect of cytarabine ligands, showing the advantage of antitumor activity. In addition, Eu-CP-Ara showed lower cytotoxicity to normal liver cells (L02). At the same, from the CLSM images, Eu-CP-Ara has successfully entered the A549 cell. Hence, Eu-CP-Ara can be used as a potential anticancer drug. Eu-CP-Ara may be an effective strategy for the tracking cytarabine against tumours and might impart better accurate treatment effect and therapeutic efficiency.

A New Pathway for the Preparation of Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles and molecular Docking as Inhibitors of p38 MAP Kinase

We report a new pathway to synthesize pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles and their binding mode to p38 MAP kinase. Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives have been prepared through a four-component reaction of benzyl alcohols, ethyl acetoacetate, phenylhydrazine, and malononitrile in the presence of sulfonated amorphous carbon and eosin Y as catalysts. All products were characterized by melting point, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and HRMS (ESI). The products were screened in silico for their binding activities to both the ATP-binding pocket and the lipid-binding pocket of p38 MAP kinase, using a structure-based flexible docking provided by the engine ADFR. The results showed that eight synthesized compounds had a higher affinity to the lipid pocket than to the other target site, which implied potential applications as allosteric inhibitors. Finally, the most biologically active compound, 5, had a binding affinity comparable to those of other proven lipid pocket inhibitors, with affinity to the target pocket reaching -10.9932 kcal/mol, and also had the best binding affinity to the ATP-binding pockets in all of our products. Thus, our research provides a novel pathway for synthesizing pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles and bioinformatic evidence for their biological capability to block p38 MAP kinase pockets, which could be useful for developing cancer or immune drugs.

Triazine bis(pyridinium) hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid immobillized on functionalized halloysite nanotubes as an efficient catalyst for one-pot synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines

1,1′-(6-(Propyl amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(pyridinium) hydrogen sulfate immobillized on halloysite nanotubes [(PATDBP)(HSO₄)₂@HNT] as a solid acid nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized and characterized by various analysis techniques such as FT-IR, TGA, SEM/EDX, elemental mapping, TEM and elemental analysis. This catalyst was found to be highly efficient for the convenient synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidine derivatives through a one-pot three-component reaction of β-naphthol, aldehydes and N,N-dimethylbarbituric acid in excellent yields under solvent-free conditions. Furthermore, the catalyst could be recovered and reused five times without any notable loss of its activity.

A novel method for synthesis of naphthopyranopyrimidines, using [(PATDBP)(HSO₄)₂@HNT] as a green and reusable catalyst is reported.

A decennary update on applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in the synthesis of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds

Heterocycles have been found to be of much importance as several nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocycle compounds exist amongst the various USFDA-approved drugs. Because of the advancement of nanotechnology, nanocatalysis has found abundant applications in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Numerous nanoparticles (NPs) have been utilized for several organic transformations, which led us to make dedicated efforts for the complete coverage of applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in the synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds reported from 2010 to 2019. Our emphasize during the coverage of catalyzed reactions of the various MNPs such as Ag, Au, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Si, Ti, and Zn has not only been on nanoparticles catalyzed synthetic transformations for the synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds, but also provide an inherent framework for the reader to select a suitable catalytic system of interest for the synthesis of desired heterocyclic scaffold.

Insight into 6-aminopenicillanic acid structure and study of the quantum mechanical calculations of the acid–base site on γ-Fe2O3@SiO2 core–shell nanocomposites and as efficient catalysts in multicomponent reactions

Magnetic 6-APA/γ-Fe₂O₃@Sio₂ nanocomposites have been developed by exploiting the potential of the acid–base bifunctional system to study the quantum mechanistic calculations.