A novel composite derived from a metal organic framework immobilized within electrospun nanofibrous polymers: An efficient methane adsorbent

Efficient removal of microcystin-LR from contaminated water using water-stable MIL-100(Fe) synthesized under HF-free conditions

Cyanobacterial algal hepatotoxins, called microcystins (MCs), are a global health concern, necessitating research on effective removal methods from contaminated water bodies. In this study, we synthesized non-fluorine MIL-100(Fe) using an environmentally friendly room-temperature method and utilized it as an adsorbent to effectively remove microcystin-LR (MC-LR), which is the most toxic MC congener. MIL-100(Fe) was thoroughly characterized, and its adsorption process was investigated under various conditions. Results revealed rapid MC-LR adsorption, achieving 93% removal in just 5 min, with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicating chemisorption as the primary mechanism. The Langmuir isotherm model demonstrated a monolayer sorption capacity of 232.6 µg g-1 at room temperature, showing favorable adsorption. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity increased from 183 µg g-1 at 20 °C to 311 µg g-1 at 40 °C, indicating an endothermic process. Thermodynamic parameters supported MC-LR adsorption's spontaneous and feasible nature onto MIL-100(Fe). This study highlights MIL-100(Fe) as a promising method for effectively removing harmful biological pollutants, such as MC-LR, from contaminated water bodies in an environmentally friendly manner.

Synthesis and characterization of new 1,4-dihydropyran derivatives by novel Ta-MOF nanostructures as reusable nanocatalyst with antimicrobial activity

Novel Ta- MOF was synthesized under mild conditions by ultrasound irradiations. The sample was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, TG and BET technique. The final structures showed high physicho-chemical properties including narrow particle size distribution, homogenous morphology, high thermal stability and remarkable surface area. Ta- MOF synthesized in this study was used as a catalyst in the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyran derivatives. The results proved that it has a high catalyst capability. Its advantages include high recyclability, less reaction time with higher efficiency and synthesis of new1,4-dihydropyran derivatives. In the following, antimicrobial activity including antifungal and antibacterial activity of Ta- MOF nanoparticles based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum Fungicidal Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration were evaluated. The synthesized Ta- MOF, in addition to high catalytic properties, showed high antimicrobial activity with MIC value between 16 and −256 μg/ml, and can be introduced as an agent against bacteria and fungi.

Synthesis of Bioactive Yttrium-Metal-Organic Framework as Efficient Nanocatalyst in Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolopyranopyrimidine Derivatives and Evaluation of Anticancer Activity

Novel Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) was synthesized under optimal conditions of microwave with a power of 20 W, the temperature of 30 degrees of centigrade, and time duration of 10 min. The products were characterized by SEM (morphology and size distribution), TGA (thermal stability), BET technique (surface area), and FTIR (characterization of the related group). The Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) synthesized in this study, after identifying and confirming the structure, was used as an efficient and recyclable catalyst in the synthesis of new pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives. Following the study of the properties and applications of Y-MOF, its anticancer properties on breast cancer cells based on the MTT method were evaluated, and significant results were observed. In addition, the anticancer properties of the pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives were investigated.

Electrospun Ta-MOF/PEBA Nanohybrids and Their CH4 Adsorption Application

For the first time, biocompatible and biodegradable Ta-metal organic framework (MOF)/polyether block amide (PEBA) fibrous polymeric nanostructures were synthesized by ultrasonic and electrospinning routes in this study. The XRD peaks of products were wider, which is due to the significant effect of the ultrasonic and electrospinning methods on the final product. The adsorption/desorption behavior of the nanostructures is similar to that of the third type of isotherm series, which showed mesoporous behavior for the products. The sample has uniform morphology without any evidence of agglomeration. Since the adsorption and trapping of gaseous pollutants are very important, the application of the final Ta-MOF/PEBA fibrous polymeric nanostructures was investigated for CH4 adsorption. In order to achieve the optimal conditions of experiments and also systematic studies of the parameters, fractional factorial design was used. The results showed that by selecting temperature 40°C, time duration 35 min, and pressure 3 bar, the CH4 gas adsorption rate was near 4 mmol/g. Ultrasonic and electrospinning routes as well as immobilization of Ta-MOF in the PEBA fibrous network affect the performance of the final products for CH4 gas adsorption.

An Efficient Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Cu/Zn Hybrid MOF Nanostructures With High Microbial Strain Performance

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a promising choice for antibacterial and antifungal activity due to their composition, unique architecture, and larger surface area. Herein, the ultrasonic method was used to synthesize the Cu/Zn-MOF material as an effective hybrid nanostructure with ideal properties. SEM images were used to investigate the product's morphology and particle size distribution. The XRD pattern revealed that the Cu/Zn hybrid MOF nanostructures had a smaller crystalline size distribution than pure Cu and Zn-MOF samples. Furthermore, the BET technique determined that the hybrid MOF nanostructures had a high specific surface area. TG analysis revealed that the hybrid MOF structures were more thermally stable than pure samples. The final product, with remarkable properties, was used as a new option in the field of antibacterial studies. Antibacterial activity was assessed using MIC and MBC against Gram negative and Gram positive strains, as well as antifungal activity using MIC and MFC. The antimicrobial properties of the synthesized Cu/Zn hybrid MOF nanostructures revealed that they were more effective than commercial drugs in some cases. This study's protocol could be a new strategy for introducing new hybrid nanostructures with specific applications.

Fabrication of Ceftriaxone-Loaded Cellulose Acetate and Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers and Their Antibacterial Evaluation

Nanotechnology provides solutions by combining the fields of textiles and medicine to prevent infectious microbial spread. Our study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of nanofiber sheets incorporated with a well-known antibiotic, ceftriaxone. It is a third-generation antibiotic that belongs to the cephalosporin group. Different percentages (0, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%; based on polymer wt%) of ceftriaxone were incorporated with a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) via electrospinning to fabricate nanofiber sheets. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of the nanofiber sheets using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). For the characterization of the nanofiber sheets incorporated with the drug, several techniques were used, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results showed that the nanofiber sheets containing ceftriaxone had potential inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. aureus as they had inhibition zones of approximately 20–25 mm on Mueller-Hinton-agar-containing plates. In conclusion, our nanofiber sheets fabricated with ceftriaxone have potential inhibitory effects against bacteria and can be used as a dressing to treat wounds in hospitals and for other biomedical applications.

A DNA Biosensor Based on a Raspberry-like Hierarchical Nano-structure for the Determination of the Anticancer Drug Nilotinib

It is crucial to design fast, sensitive and affordable deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) recognition instruments, and elucidate changes in DNA structure, for studying the interaction between DNA and chemotherapy drugs. Therefore, a DNA biosensor, based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE), modified with raspberry-like indium(III)/nickel oxide hierarchical nano-structures (In3+ /NiO RLHNSs) was constructed. An electrochemical readout should then give information on the interactions between anticancer drugs and double-stranded (ds)-DNA. The morphology as well as the electrochemical description of this new biosensor is described. Based on experimentally determined optimal conditions, ds-DNA modified with In3+ /NiO RLHNSs/CPE was used to evaluate the binding interaction of nilotinib, as an anti-cancer drug, with DNA through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), UV-Vis spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and a computational docking process. The analyses indicated the linearity of the guanine oxidation signal at nilotinib concentration is given between 0.01 and 50.0 μm, with the limit of detection (LOD) equal to 0.62 nm. Additionally, the equilibrium constant (K) for the binding was determined to 1.5×104  m-1 . Through the quantitative measurement of nilotinib in serum samples with a high recovery rate of 101.3-98.0 %, the applicability of this approach was demonstrated. As a whole, this DNA biosensor may be promising for various bio-interactions.

The Effectiveness of MOFs for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Aquatic Environments: A Review Focused on Antibiotics Removal

There is an increasing level of various pollutants and their persistence in aquatic environments. The improper use of antibiotics and their inefficient metabolism in organisms result in their release into aquatic environments. Antibiotic abuse has led to hazardous effects on human health. Thereby, efficient removal of pharmaceuticals, particularly antibiotics, from wastewater and contaminated water bodies is greatly interested in international research communities. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials, as a hybrid group of material containing metallic center and organic linkers, offer a porous structure that is highly efficient for removing different pollutants from contaminated water and wastewater streams. This article aims to review the recent advancement in using MOF-based adsorbents and catalysts for the removal of pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics, from polluted water. Applying MOFs-based structures for removing antibiotics using photocatalytic removal and adsorptive removal techniques will be discussed and evaluated in this review paper. Various MOF-based materials such as functionalized MOFs, MOF-based composites, magnetic MOF-based composites, MOFs templated-metal oxide catalysts for removing pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and antibiotics from contaminated aqueous media are discussed. Furthermore, effective operational parameters on the adsorption, adsorption mechanisms, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamic parameters are explained and discussed. Finally, in the concluding remarks, the challenges and future outlooks of using MOFs-based adsorbents and catalysts for removing antibiotics are summarized.

Optimization and predictive modelling for the diameter of nylon-6,6 nanofibers via electrospinning for coronavirus face masks

Currently, the only widely available tool for controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs). Coronavirus aerosols are around 0.3–2 µm in diameter (0.9 m in mass). The present study used artificial intelligence such as gene expression programming (GEP) and genetic algorithms (GA) were used to predict and optimize the diameter of Nylon-6,6 nanofibers via electrospinning for protection against coronavirus. It is suggested that using the controlled experimental conditions such as concentration of nylon-6,6 (16% wt/v), applied voltage (26 kV), working distance (18 cm) and injection rate (0.2 mL/h) have resulted the diameter of nylon-6,6 nanofibers about 55.8 nm. Coronavirus face masks could use the obtained diameter and electrostatic interaction between viral particles and naofibers as active layers.