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Karunakaran G, Sudha KG, Ali S, Cho EB. Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles from Various Biological Sources and Its Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114527. [PMID: 37299004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the broad scope of nanomedicine has played an important role in the global healthcare industry. Biological acquisition methods to obtain nanoparticles (NPs) offer a low-cost, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly approach. This review shows recent data about several methods for procuring nanoparticles and an exhaustive elucidation of biological agents such as plants, algae, bacteria, fungi, actinomycete, and yeast. When compared to the physical, chemical, and biological approaches for obtaining nanoparticles, the biological approach has significant advantages such as non-toxicity and environmental friendliness, which support their significant use in therapeutic applications. The bio-mediated, procured nanoparticles not only help researchers but also manipulate particles to provide health and safety. In addition, we examined the significant biomedical applications of nanoparticles, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and other medical applications. This review highlights the findings of current research on the bio-mediated acquisition of novel NPs and scrutinizes the various methods proposed to describe them. The bio-mediated synthesis of NPs from plant extracts has several advantages, including bioavailability, environmental friendliness, and low cost. Researchers have sequenced the analysis of the biochemical mechanisms and enzyme reactions of bio-mediated acquisition as well as the determination of the bioactive compounds mediated by nanoparticle acquisition. This review is primarily concerned with collating research from researchers from a variety of disciplines that frequently provides new clarifications to serious problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalu Karunakaran
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Kattakgoundar Govindaraj Sudha
- Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saheb Ali
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eun-Bum Cho
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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Selective N-allylation via SN2ꞌ reaction: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, theoretical and biological studies of Ethyl (E)-2-(4-aminobenzene-1-sulphonylimino-thiazol-3-yl-methyl)-3-phenyl acrylate. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Karunakaran G, Cho EB, Kumar GS, Kolesnikov E, Sudha KG, Mariyappan K, Han A, Choi SS. Citric Acid-Mediated Microwave-Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous F-Doped HAp Nanorods from Bio-Waste for Biocidal Implant Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030315. [PMID: 35159660 PMCID: PMC8840346 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this current research, mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) and F-doped hydroxyapatite (FHAp) were effectively obtained through a citric acid-enabled microwave hydrothermal approach. Citric acid was used as a chelating and modifying agent for tuning the structure and porosity of the HAp structure. This is the first report to use citric acid as a modifier for producing mesoporous nano HAp and F-doped FHAp. The obtained samples were characterized by different analyses. The XRD data revealed that F is incorporated well into the HAp crystal structure. The crystallinity of HAp samples was improved and the unit cell volume was lowered with fluorine incorporation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the obtained samples revealed that a nano rod-like shape was obtained. The mesoporous structures of the produced HAp samples were confirmed by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. In vivo studies performed using zebrafish and C. elegans prove the non-toxic behavior of the synthesized F doped HAp samples. The obtained samples are also analyzed for antimicrobial activity using Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, which are majorly involved in implant failure. The F doped samples revealed excellent bactericidal activity. Hence, this study confirms that the non-toxic and excellent antibacterial mesoporous F doped HAp can be a useful candidate for biocidal implant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalu Karunakaran
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (E.-B.C.)
| | - Eun-Bum Cho
- Institute for Applied Chemistry, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (E.-B.C.)
| | - Govindan Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Evgeny Kolesnikov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskiy Pr. 4, Moscow 119049, Russia;
| | - Kattakgoundar Govindaraj Sudha
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India; (K.G.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Kowsalya Mariyappan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India; (K.G.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Areum Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Cheoin-gu, Yongin 17058, Korea; (A.H.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Shin Sik Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Cheoin-gu, Yongin 17058, Korea; (A.H.); (S.S.C.)
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji University, Myongji-ro 116, Cheoin-gu, Yongin 17058, Korea
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Karunakaran G, Cho EB, Thirumurugan K, Kumar GS, Kolesnikov E, Boobalan S, Janarthanan G, Pillai MM, Rajendran S. Mesoporous Mn-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods obtained via pyridinium chloride enabled microwave-assisted synthesis by utilizing Donax variabilis seashells for implant applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 126:112170. [PMID: 34082971 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Manganese-doped mesoporous hydroxyapatite (MnHAp) nanorods, a bio-apatite were synthesized via pyridinium chloride mediated microwave approach using bio-waste Donax variabilis seashells to treat orthopedic infections. This is the first report on using pyridinium chloride mediated mesoporous MnHAp nanorods synthesis. Pure and Mn doped HAp samples were examined using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies to confirm the prepared HAp nanorods. Furthermore, the fabrication of manganese-doped HAp was successful with the formation of a hexagonal crystal lattice without disturbing the HAp phase. It is because, at the time of synthesis, PO43- ions form an electrostatic interaction with the Mn ions. Furthermore, Mn-doped HAp samples showed a reduction in their sizes of 15, 10-15, 5-10 nm width, and 80-100, 10-15, 20-30 nm length with varied pore diameters and surface area. The pure HAp, MnHAp-1, MnHAp-2, and MnHAp-3 nanorods disclose the surface area of 39.4, 18.0, 49.2, and 80.4 m2 g-1, with a pore volume of 0.0102, 0.0047, 0.0143, and 0.0447 cm3 g-1, the corresponding pore diameter was estimated to be 6, 7, 6, and 4 nm, respectively. Moreover, antibacterial activity reveals effective bactericidal action against infections causing pathogens whereas cytotoxicity examination (MTT assay), and zebrafish results reveal their non-toxic behavior. Therefore, it is evident from the study, that rapid fabrication of mesoporous and diverse structured MnHAp nanorods could be convenient with pyridinium chloride enabled microwave-assisted method as a bactericidal biomaterial for implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalu Karunakaran
- Biosensor Research Institute, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Bum Cho
- Biosensor Research Institute, Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keerthanaa Thirumurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Evgeny Kolesnikov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Leninskiy Pr. 4, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Selvakumar Boobalan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopinathan Janarthanan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Seoul Tech), Gongneung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Mamatha Muraleedharan Pillai
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvakumar Rajendran
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India
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