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Aleksanyan DV, Churusova SG, Dubasova EV, Ananyev IV, Artyushin OI, Peregudov AS, Klemenkova ZS, Denisov GL, Kozlov VA. Experimental and computational insights into the direct cyclopalladation of different unsymmetrical, yet closely related pincer ligands with thione sulfur donors. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Nayl AA, Aly AA, Arafa WAA, Ahmed IM, Abd-Elhamid AI, El-Fakharany EM, Abdelgawad MA, Tawfeek HN, Bräse S. Azides in the Synthesis of Various Heterocycles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123716. [PMID: 35744839 PMCID: PMC9228195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on some interesting and recent examples of various applications of organic azides such as their intermolecular or intramolecular, under thermal, catalyzed, or noncatalyzed reaction conditions. The aforementioned reactions in the aim to prepare basic five-, six-, organometallic heterocyclic-membered systems and/or their fused analogs. This review article also provides a report on the developed methods describing the synthesis of various heterocycles from organic azides, especially those reported in recent papers (till 2020). At the outset, this review groups the synthetic methods of organic azides into different categories. Secondly, the review deals with the functionality of the azido group in chemical reactions. This is followed by a major section on the following: (1) the synthetic tools of various heterocycles from the corresponding organic azides by one-pot domino reaction; (2) the utility of the chosen catalysts in the chemoselectivity favoring C−H and C-N bonds; (3) one-pot procedures (i.e., Ugi four-component reaction); (4) nucleophilic addition, such as Aza-Michael addition; (5) cycloaddition reactions, such as [3+2] cycloaddition; (6) mixed addition/cyclization/oxygen; and (7) insertion reaction of C-H amination. The review also includes the synthetic procedures of fused heterocycles, such as quinazoline derivatives and organometal heterocycles (i.e., phosphorus-, boron- and aluminum-containing heterocycles). Due to many references that have dealt with the reactions of azides in heterocyclic synthesis (currently more than 32,000), we selected according to generality and timeliness. This is considered a recent review that focuses on selected interesting examples of various heterocycles from the mechanistic aspects of organic azides.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdElAziz A. Nayl
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.N.); (W.A.A.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Ashraf A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Organic Division, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Correspondence: or (A.A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Wael A. A. Arafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.N.); (W.A.A.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Ismail M. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia or (A.A.N.); (W.A.A.A.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Ahmed I. Abd-Elhamid
- Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
| | - Esmail M. El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hendawy N. Tawfeek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Organic Division, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Ggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Correspondence: or (A.A.A.); (S.B.)
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Sambade D, Collins C, Parkin G. Structure and Bonding of 1,2,4-Triazole Thiones Derived from Nitron. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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