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Joshi A, Killeen C, Thiessen T, Zijlstra HS, McIndoe JS. Handling considerations for the mass spectrometry of reactive organometallic compounds. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2022; 57:e4807. [PMID: 35019209 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool in disparate areas of chemistry, but its characteristic strength of sensitivity can be an Achilles heel when studying highly reactive organometallic compounds. A quantity of material suitable for mass spectrometric analysis often represents a tiny grain or a very dilute solution, and both are highly susceptible to decomposition due to ambient oxygen or moisture. This complexity can be frustrating to chemists and analysts alike: the former being unable to get spectra free of decomposition products and the latter often being poorly equipped to handle reactive samples. Fortunately, many creative solutions to such problems have been developed. This review summarizes some key methods for handling reactive samples in conjunction with the various ionization methods most frequently employed for their analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charles Killeen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tanner Thiessen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Harmen S Zijlstra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Vikse KL, Scott McIndoe J. Ionization methods for the mass spectrometry of organometallic compounds. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:1026-1034. [PMID: 30183116 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of new ionization methods has greatly expanded the ability of mass spectrometry to target diverse areas of chemistry. Synthetic organometallic and inorganic chemists often find themselves with interesting characterization problems that mass spectrometry could potentially find the answer for, but without a guide for choosing the appropriate method of analysis. This tutorial review seeks to provide that guidance via a simple flow chart followed by a brief description of how each common ionization method works. It covers all of the commonly used ionization techniques as well as promising variants and aims to be a resource of first resort for organometallic chemists and analysts tackling a new problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista L Vikse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - J Scott McIndoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- 2018 Erskine Fellow, College of Science, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
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Leis W, Wernitz S, Reichart B, Ruckerbauer D, Wielandt JW, Mayer HA. Benzo annulated cycloheptatriene PCP pincer iridium complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:12187-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00885e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical conversions of a cycloheptatriene iridium pincer complex were studied by NMR and MS techniques as well as DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Leis
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Tuebingen
- 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sophie Wernitz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Tuebingen
- 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Reichart
- Institut für Chemie – Bereich Anorganik
- Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
- 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - David Ruckerbauer
- Institut für Chemie – Bereich Anorganik
- Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
- 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Hermann A. Mayer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Tuebingen
- 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Bhaskar G, Chary MA, Kumar MK, Syamasundar K, Vairamani M, Prabhakar S. Electrospray ionization studies of transition-metal complexes of 2-acetylbenzimidazolethiosemicarbazone using collision-induced dissociation and ion-molecule reactions. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:1536-44. [PMID: 15880669 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The complexes of transition-metal ions (M2+, where M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg) with 2-acetylbenzimidazolethiosemicarbazone (L) are studied under electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions. The ESI mass spectra of Fe and Co complexes showed the complex ions corresponding to [M+2L-2H]+, and those of Ni and Zn complexes showed [M+2L-H]+ ions, wherein the metal/ligand ratio is 1:2 and the oxidation state of the central metal ion is +3 in the case of Fe and Co and +2 in the case of Ni and Zn. The Cd and Cu complexes showed preferentially 1:1 complex ions, i.e., [M+L-H]+ or [M+L+Cl]+, whereas Hg formed both 1:1 and 1:2 complex ions. During formation of the above complex ions one or two ligands are deprotonated after keto-enol tautomerism, depending on the nature and oxidation state of central metal ion. The structures and coordination numbers of the metal ions in the complex ions were studied by their collision-induced dissociation spectra and ion-molecule reactions with acetonitrile or propylamine in the collision cell. Based on these results it is concluded that Fe, Co, Ni and Zn form stable octahedral complexes, whereas tetrahedral or square planar complexes are formed preferentially for other metals. In addition, the Cu complex showed a [2L+2Cu-3H]+ ion with a Cu-Cu bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bhaskar
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad--500007, India
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Dyson PJ, Hearley AK, Johnson BFG, Langridge-Smith PRR, McIndoe JS. Analysis of Low Oxidation State Transition Metal Clusters by Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Inorg Chem 2004; 43:4962-73. [PMID: 15285673 DOI: 10.1021/ic049458i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A variety of homonuclear and heteronuclear transition metal carbonyl clusters have been analyzed by ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The spectra were recorded in negative and positive ion modes, using both linear and reflective techniques. A range of different clusters based on different nuclearities, geometries, and ligand types, which include hydrides, phosphines, nitriles, and cyclopentadienyl ligands and naked main group atoms, were studied. These experiments have allowed us to construct a detailed picture of the technique for the analysis of transition metal carbonyl clusters and their derivatives. In general, extensive reactions are observed, cluster aggregation reactions in particular, and from a comparison of the spectra obtained, some mechanistic inferences concerning the aggregation processes have been drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-BCH, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Martins LMDRS, Alegria ECBA, Hughes DL, Fraústo da Silva JJR, Pombeiro AJL. Syntheses and properties of hydride–cyanamide and derived hydrogen-cyanamide complexes of molybdenum(iv). Crystal structure of [MoH2(NCNH2)2(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)2][BF4]2. Dalton Trans 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b306368b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Burrows AD, Coleman MD, Mahon MF. Platinum thiosemicarbazide and thiourea complexes: the crystal structure of [PtCl(dppe){SC(NHMe)NHNMe2-S}](PF6) and the influence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding on ligand co-ordination mode. Polyhedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(99)00167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Martins LM, Fraústo da Silva JJ, Pombeiro AJ, Henderson RA, Evans DJ, Benetollo F, Bombieri G, Michelin RA. Syntheses, properties and Mössbauer studies of cyanamide and cyanoguanidine complexes of iron(II). Crystal structures of trans-[FeH(NCNH2)(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)2][BF4] and trans-[Fe(NCNEt2)2(Et2PCH2CH2PEt2)2][BF4]2. Inorganica Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(99)00021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Huang MW, Chei HL, Huang JP, Shiea J. Application of Organic Solvents as Matrixes To Detect Air-Sensitive and Less Polar Compounds Using Low-Temperature Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ac980516p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Wen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424 Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Long Chei
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424 Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424 Taiwan
| | - Jentaie Shiea
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424 Taiwan
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Bertani R, Michelin RA, Mozzon M, Traldi P, Seraglia R, Busetto L, Cassani MC, Tagliatesta P, D'Arcangelo G. Mass Spectrometric Detection of Reactive Intermediates. Reaction Mechanism of Diazoalkanes with Platinum(0) and Gold(I) Complexes. Organometallics 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/om960325h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Piero Traldi
- Centro di Studio sulla Stabilità e Reattività dei Composti di Coordinazione, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Seraglia
- Servizio di Spettrometria di Massa, Area della Ricerca, CNR, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35100 Padova, Italy
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Bartlett MG, Haas GM, Bruce DA, Thomas SM, White MG, Bertrand J, Busch KL. Characterization of supported and unsupported transition metal compounds by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(96)00602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Henderson W, Olsen GM. Application of electrospray mass spectrometry to the characterization of hydroxymethylphosphonium salts, -phosphines, and their oxide, sulfide and selenide derivatives. Polyhedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0277-5387(95)00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kemp TJ, Read PA. Fast atom bombardment studies of amino acid and peptide complexes of the uranyl ion: ligand attachment, dissociation and fragmentation. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kemp TJ, Read PA, Neal Beatty R. Ligated lanthanide clusters in the fast atom bombardment of lanthanide carboxylates. Inorganica Chim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04699-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morgenstern DA, Bonham CC, Rothwell AP, Wood KV, Kubiak CP. Trinuclear nickel clusters, [Ni3(μ3-L)(μ3-I)(μ2-dppm)3]n+ (L = I−, CO, CNCH3, CN-2,6-Me2C6H3, CN-i-C3H7, CN-t-C4H9, CN-n-C4H9, NO+) and the “dimer of trimer” hexanuclear nickel clusters {[Ni3(μ3-I)(μ2-dppm)3]2(μ3,μ3′,η1,η1′- CN-R-NC)}2+, (R = −(CH2)6−, p-C6H4): characterization of large clusters by mass spectrometry. Polyhedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0277-5387(94)00388-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cabezón B, Sastre A, Torres T, Schäfer W, Borrás-Almenar JJ, Coronado E. Synthesis, magnetic and mass spectrometric studies on dinuclear complexes based on Schiff-base triazolic ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9950002305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kemp TJ, Jennings KR, Read PA. Formation and decomposition of uranium–oxygen clusters in fast atom bombardment of dioxouranium(VI) salts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9950000885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Kemp TJ, Read PA. Formation and decomposition of high-mass metal–oxygen cluster ions in the fast atom bombardment of lanthanide salts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9950000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liquid matrix induced processes in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of polyazacrown transition metal complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(94)03827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Remelli M, Munerato C, Pulidori F. Binary and ternary copper(II) complexes of Nτ- and Nπ-methyl-L-histidine in aqueous solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9940002049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kemp TJ. Redox, fragmentation and clustering processes in the excitation of metal complexes by fast atom bombardment : relationships with photochemical pathways. Coord Chem Rev 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0010-8545(93)85029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Nicholson BK, Bruce MI, Shawkataly OB, Tiekink ER. Syntheses of gold-manganese and gold-rhenium clusters, [(Ph3PAu)3M(CO)4] and [(Ph3PAu)4M(CO)4]+ (M Mn, Re), and the crystal structure of [(Ph3PAu)4Mn(CO)4]BF4. J Organomet Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(92)80218-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bertani R, Mozzon M, Michelin RA, Seraglia R, Traidi P. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of cyclic hydrido dithio- and dioxycarbene complexes of platinum(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210271106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pentafluorophenyl compounds of rhodium(III) with bidentate phosphorus or nitrogen ligands. J Organomet Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(92)88021-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Electron impact (EI) and fast-atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of coordination complexes: aggregation processes in the mass spectra of metal derivatives of 1,2,3,4,5-pentakis-(methoxycarbonyl)cyclopentadiene. Inorganica Chim Acta 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)92383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fast-atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of coordination complexes: aggregation processes in the mass spectra of Group 11 alkynyl complexes. J Organomet Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(92)83090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Positive/negative liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry ofLn-EDTA (1:1) complexes. Formation of molecular ion adducts with neutral species of the matrix orLn-EDTA. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00810469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Siuzdak G, Wendeborn SV, Nicolaou K. Cationization of organometallo carbonyl compounds by fast ion bombardment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(92)87033-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mallis LM, Scott WJ. Matrix effects on the fast atom bombardment mass spectra of palladium complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210250805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Bertani R, Cecchetto W, Polloni R, Crociani B, Seraglia R, Traldi P. Comparison of hard vaporization and soft ionization techniques in the mass spectrometry of some palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes with C-bonded heterocyclic ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)80279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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A fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry study of transition metal carbonyl cluster compounds. J Organomet Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(90)85253-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tiekink ERT, Kurucsev T, Hoskins BF. X-ray structure and UV spectroscopic studies of (adenmato-N9)triethylphosphinegold(I). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01185349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Roesky HW, Scholz U, Noltemeyer M. Synthese und Struktur der ersten sechsgliedrigen Selena- und Platinatriazaphosphorine. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19895760129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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40
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Jennings KR, Kemp TJ, Read PA. Cluster formation in the fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of dioxouranium(VI) dinitrate and diacetate. Inorganica Chim Acta 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)80534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cluster ions in the electron and chemical ionization mass spectra of magnesium, mercury and lead acetates. Inorganica Chim Acta 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)80539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ashton PR, Fenton DE, Prasad RN, Jindal M, Jain M. Observations on the presence of oligomeric species in the positive ion fast atom bombardment mass spectra of mixed ligand complexes of magnesium. Inorganica Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)80033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Bruce MI, Grundy KR, Liddell MJ, Snow MR, Tiekink ER. Inclusion and aggregation properties of organogold complexes: crystal structures of C2Au[P(C6H4R-3)3]2·nC6H6 (R = H, n = 2; R = Me, n = 0 and 1). J Organomet Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(88)80197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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