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Alem MB, Desalegn T, Damena T, Bayle EA, Koobotse MO, Ngwira KJ, Ombito JO, Zachariah M, Demissie TB. Organic-inorganic hybrid salt and mixed ligand Cr(III) complexes containing the natural flavonoid chrysin: Synthesis, characterization, computational, and biological studies. Front Chem 2023; 11:1173604. [PMID: 37123873 PMCID: PMC10130586 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1173604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid salt and mixed ligand Cr(III) complexes (Cr1 and Cr2) containing the natural flavonoid chrysin were synthesized. The metal complexes were characterized using UV-Vis, Fourier-transform infrared, MS, SEM-EDX, XRD, and molar conductance measurements. Based on experimental and DFT/TD-DFT calculations, octahedral geometries for the synthesized complexes were suggested. The powder XRD analysis confirms that the synthesized complexes were polycrystalline, with orthorhombic and monoclinic crystal systems having average crystallite sizes of 21.453 and 19.600 nm, percent crystallinities of 51% and 31.37%, and dislocation densities of 2.324 × 10-3 and 2.603 × 10-3 nm-2 for Cr1 and Cr2, respectively. The complexes were subjected to cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and antioxidant studies. The in vitro biological studies were supported with quantum chemical and molecular docking computational studies. Cr1 showed significant cytotoxicity to the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 8.08 μM compared to 30.85 μM for Cr2 and 18.62 μM for cisplatin. Cr2 showed better antibacterial activity than Cr1. The higher E HOMO (-5.959 eV) and dipole moment (10.838 Debye) values of Cr2 obtained from the quantum chemical calculations support the observed in vitro antibacterial activities. The overall results indicated that Cr1 is a promising cytotoxic drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamaru Bitew Alem
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Mamaru Bitew Alem, , Tegene Desalegn, , Taye B. Demissie,
| | - Tegene Desalegn
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Mamaru Bitew Alem, , Tegene Desalegn, , Taye B. Demissie,
| | - Tadewos Damena
- Department of Chemistry, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Enyew Alemayehu Bayle
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Moses O. Koobotse
- School of Allied Health Professions, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Kennedy J. Ngwira
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Taye B. Demissie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
- *Correspondence: Mamaru Bitew Alem, , Tegene Desalegn, , Taye B. Demissie,
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Fatima M, Liaqat F, Shabbir M, Ahmad I, Akhter Z, Fatima R, Yousaf S. Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, DNA binding and density functional studies of novel bisamides. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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