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Dong G, Zhao Y, Ding W, Xu S, Zhang Q, Zhao H, Shi S. Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for de novo production of odd-numbered medium-chain fatty acids. Metab Eng 2024; 82:100-109. [PMID: 38325640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Odd-numbered fatty acids (FAs) have been widely used in nutrition, agriculture, and chemical industries. Recently, some studies showed that they could be produced from bacteria or yeast, but the products are almost exclusively odd-numbered long-chain FAs. Here we report the design and construction of two biosynthetic pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for de novo production of odd-numbered medium-chain fatty acids (OMFAs) via ricinoleic acid and 10-hydroxystearic acid, respectively. The production of OMFAs was enabled by introducing a hydroxy fatty acid cleavage pathway, including an alcohol dehydrogenase from Micrococcus luteus, a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida, and a lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens. These OMFA biosynthetic pathways were optimized by eliminating the rate-limiting step, generating heptanoic acid, 11-hydroxyundec-9-enoic acid, nonanoic acid, and 9-hydroxynonanoic acid at 7.83 mg/L, 9.68 mg/L, 9.43 mg/L and 13.48 mg/L, respectively. This work demonstrates the biological production of OMFAs in a sustainable manner in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genlai Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wentao Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Qin N, Li L, Wang Z, Shi S. Microbial production of odd-chain fatty acids. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:917-931. [PMID: 36522132 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Odd-chain fatty acids (OcFAs) and their derivatives have attracted much attention due to their beneficial physiological effects and their potential to be alternatives to advanced fuels. However, cells naturally produce even-chain fatty acids (EcFAs) with negligible OcFAs. In the process of biosynthesis of fatty acids (FAs), the acetyl-CoA serves as the starter unit for EcFAs, and propionyl-CoA works as the starter unit for OcFAs. The lack of sufficient propionyl-CoA, the precursor, is usually regarded as the main restriction for large-scale bioproduction of OcFAs. In recent years, synthetic biology strategies have been used to modify several microorganisms to produce more propionyl-CoA that would enable an efficient biosynthesis of OcFAs. This review discusses several reported and potential metabolic pathways for propionyl-CoA biosynthesis, followed by advances in engineering several cell factories for OcFAs production. Finally, trends and challenges of synthetic biology driven OcFAs production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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A comparative study of human milk fat substitute from Rhodococcus opacus and plant-oil based commercial products. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dąbrowski G, Konopka I. Update on food sources and biological activity of odd-chain, branched and cyclic fatty acids –– A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Alvarez HM, Hernández MA, Lanfranconi MP, Silva RA, Villalba MS. Rhodococcus as Biofactories for Microbial Oil Production. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164871. [PMID: 34443455 PMCID: PMC8401914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the Rhodococcus genus are frequent components of microbial communities in diverse natural environments. Some rhodococcal species exhibit the outstanding ability to produce significant amounts of triacylglycerols (TAG) (>20% of cellular dry weight) in the presence of an excess of the carbon source and limitation of the nitrogen source. For this reason, they can be considered as oleaginous microorganisms. As occurs as well in eukaryotic single-cell oil (SCO) producers, these bacteria possess specific physiological properties and molecular mechanisms that differentiate them from other microorganisms unable to synthesize TAG. In this review, we summarized several of the well-characterized molecular mechanisms that enable oleaginous rhodococci to produce significant amounts of SCO. Furthermore, we highlighted the ability of these microorganisms to degrade a wide range of carbon sources coupled to lipogenesis. The qualitative and quantitative oil production by rhodococci from diverse industrial wastes has also been included. Finally, we summarized the genetic and metabolic approaches applied to oleaginous rhodococci to improve SCO production. This review provides a comprehensive and integrating vision on the potential of oleaginous rhodococci to be considered as microbial biofactories for microbial oil production.
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Zhang LS, Chu MY, Zong MH, Yang JG, Lou WY. Facile and Green Production of Human Milk Fat Substitute through Rhodococcus opacus Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9368-9376. [PMID: 32700528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human milk fat substitute (HMFS) is a class of structured lipids widely used in infant formulas. Herein, HMFS was prepared by Rhodococcus opacus fermentation. The substrate oils suitable for HMFS production were coconut oil (66.1-57.5%), soybean oil (17.5-26.5%), high oleic acid sunflower oil (5.4-4.5%), Antarctic krill oil (9-9.5%), and fungal oil (2%). Six HMFSs were prepared, among which HMFS V and VI were similar to human milk fat from Chinese in terms of fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol species. The sn-2 position of HMFS was occupied by palmitic acid (49.31 and 43.48% in HMFS V and VI, respectively). The major triacylglycerols were OPL, OPO, and LPL, accounting for 15.90, 9.49, and 6.84 and 17.52, 8.44, and 8.55% in HMFS V and VI, respectively. This study is the first to prepare structured lipids intended for infant formula through fermentation, providing a novel strategy for the edible oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Shang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Mei-Yun Chu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ji-Guo Yang
- South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Xincheng Road, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Zhang L, Chu M, Zong M, Yang J, Lou W. Efficient Production of 1,3‐Dioleoyl‐2‐Palmitoylglycerol through
Rhodococcus opacus
Fermentation. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐Shang Zhang
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Mei‐Yun Chu
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Min‐Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Ji‐Guo Yang
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641 China
- South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation Xincheng Road, Dongguan 523808 China
| | - Wen‐Yong Lou
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510641 China
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