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Wang S, Yang Y, Wang Q, Wu Z, Liu X, Chen S, Zhou A. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from finger citron extracted by continuous phase-transition extraction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124491. [PMID: 37076066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
FCP-2-1, a water-soluble polysaccharide rich in galacturonic acid was isolated by continuous phase-transition extraction and purified with DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography from finger citron with essential oil and flavonoids removed. The structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of FCP-2-1 were further investigated in this work. FCP-2-1 with a Mw and Mn of 1.503 × 104 g/mol and 1.125 × 104 g/mol, respectively, was predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose in a molar ratio of 0.685: 0.032: 0.283. The main linkage types of FCP-2-1 were proved to be →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→ based on methylation and NMR analysis. Moreover, FCP-2-1 was demonstrated to have significant immunomodulatory effects on macrophages in vitro by improving the cell viability, and enhancing phagocytic activity and secretion of NO and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α), indicating that FCP-2-1 could be used as a natural agent in immunoregulation functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiqin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuxi Chen
- Guangdong Zhancui Food Co., Ltd., Chaozhou 515634, China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Chen Y, Qin Q, Luo J, Dong Y, Lin C, Chen H, Cao Y, Chen Y, Su Z. Litchi flower essential oil balanced lipid metabolism through the regulation of DAF-2/IIS, MDT-15/SBP-1, and MDT-15/NHR-49 pathway. Front Nutr 2022; 9:934518. [PMID: 36337637 PMCID: PMC9627157 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.934518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many litchi flowers are discarded in China every year. The litchi flower is rich in volatile compounds and exhibits strong anti-obesity activity. Litchi flower essential oil (LFEO) was extracted by the continuous phase transformation device (CPTD) independently developed by our research group to recycle the precious material resources in litchi flowers. However, its fat-reducing effect and mechanism remain unclear. Employing Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we found that LFEO significantly reduced fat storage and triglyceride (TG) content in normal, glucose-feeding, and high-fat conditions. LFEO significantly reduced body width in worms and significantly decreased both the size and number of lipid droplets in ZXW618. LFEO treatment did not affect energy intake but increased energy consumption by enhancing the average speed of worms. Further, LFEO might balance the fat metabolism in worms by regulating the DAF-2/IIS, sbp-1/mdt-15, and nhr-49/mdt-15 pathways. Moreover, LFEO might inhibit the expression of the acs-2 gene through nhr-49 and reduce β-oxidation activity. Our study presents new insights into the role of LFEO in alleviating fat accumulation and provides references for the large-scale production of LFEO to promote the development of the litchi circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Qin
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingrui Luo
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusi Dong
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiu Lin
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Houbin Chen
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Cao
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuanxian Su
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Li R, Sun P, Chen D, Shen J, Feng T. Characteristic aroma analysis of finger citron in four different regions based on
GC‐MS‐HS‐SPME
and
ROAV. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yi Wang
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Ruixiang Li
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai China
| | - Ping Sun
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Da Chen
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive Moscow United States
| | - Jiansheng Shen
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua Zhejiang China
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai China
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Liu G, Zhang J, Hou T, An S, Guo B, Liu C, Hu L, Huang Y, Zhang S, Song M, Cao Y. Extraction kinetics, physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activity of the novel continuous phase transition extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. Food Funct 2021; 12:9708-9718. [PMID: 34664607 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02185k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) possess remarkable bioactivity and have been studied widely. However, the application of new technologies in the polysaccharide extraction has not been investigated. Herein, a novel continuous phase transition extraction (CPTE) technology was applied for the extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum. The extraction kinetics, physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activity of GLP were evaluated. The kinetics results showed that the extraction process could be fitted to a two-site kinetic model due to the high R2 values in the range of 0.9939-0.9999. Polysaccharides extracted by different technologies showed that GLP yield by CPTE could be significantly improved, which was 3.34 times and 2.68 times that of hot water and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, respectively. Molecular weight distribution analysis indicated that high molecular mass polysaccharide proportion by CPTE was the highest among the three extraction methods, which was 2.03 times and 3.41 times as much as that of the hot water and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Morphology analysis showed that CPTE treatment caused disruption of most of the cells and effective release of intracellular components, implying that CPTE was beneficial to extract polysaccharides. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory assays demonstrated that GLP significantly enhanced the proliferation and production of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 in macrophages. Therefore, CPTE was more effective for extracting polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum than the common extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Tao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Siyu An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Baoyan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cencen Liu
- Infinitus China Co Ltd, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Liuyun Hu
- Infinitus China Co Ltd, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yahui Huang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Mingyue Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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