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Rodrigues CA, Santos JCB, Barbosa MS, Lisboa MC, Souza RL, Mendes AA, Pereira MM, Lima ÁS, Soares CMF. Extending the computational and experimental analysis of lipase active site selectivity. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:313-323. [PMID: 38438572 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Molecular docking is an important computational analysis widely used to predict the interaction of enzymes with several starting materials for developing new valuable products from several starting materials, including oils and fats. In the present study, molecular docking was used as an efficient in silico screening tool to select biocatalysts with the highest catalytic performance in butyl esters production in a solvent-free system, an eco-friendly approach, via direct esterification of free fatty acids from Licuri oil with butanol. For such purpose, three commercial lipase preparations were used to perform molecular docking studies such as Burkholderia cepacia (BCL), Porcine pancreatic (PPL), and Candida rugosa (CRL). Concurrently, the results obtained in BCL and CRL are the most efficient in the esterification process due to their higher preference for catalyzing the esterification of lauric acid, the main fatty acid found in the licuri oil composition. Meanwhile, PPL was the least efficient because it preferentially interacts with minor fatty acids. Molecular docking with the experimental results indicated the better performance in the synthesis of esters was BCL. In conclusion, experimental results analysis shows higher enzymatic productivity in esterification reactions of 1294.83 μmol/h.mg, while the CRL and PPL demonstrated the lowest performance (189.87 μmol / h.mg and 23.96 μmol / h.mg, respectively). Thus, molecular docking and experimental results indicate that BCL is a more efficient lipase to produce fatty acids and esters from licuri oil with a high content of lauric acid. In addition, this study also demonstrates the application of molecular docking as an important tool for lipase screening to achieve more sustainable production of butyl esters with a view synthesis of biolubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Rodrigues
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Jefferson C B Santos
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Milson S Barbosa
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Milena C Lisboa
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Ranyere L Souza
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
- Instituto de Tecnologia E Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Prédio Do ITP, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Adriano A Mendes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, MG - CEP: 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Matheus M Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II - Pinal de Marrocos, 3030-760, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Álvaro S Lima
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, UFBA, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Aristides Novis 2, Federação, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cleide M F Soares
- Universidade Tiradentes, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil.
- Instituto de Tecnologia E Pesquisa, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Prédio Do ITP, Farolândia, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil.
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Poláková K, Bobková A, Demianová A, Bobko M, Lidiková J, Jurčaga L, Belej Ľ, Mesárošová A, Korčok M, Tóth T. Quality Attributes and Sensory Acceptance of Different Botanical Coffee Co-Products. Foods 2023; 12:2675. [PMID: 37509767 PMCID: PMC10378423 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee processing is a major contributor to the creation of food and product waste. Using coffee co-products can play an essential role in addressing environmental problems and issues with nutritionally unbalanced foods, population growth, and food-related diseases. This research aimed to determine the quality and sensory parameters (aw, pH, dry matter, TAC, TPC, fat, fatty acids profile, fiber, caffeine, chlorogenic acids, color, and sensory analysis) of different botanical origins of cascara (coffee husks) and silverskin (thin layer). The results of this study show that silverskin and cascara are a good source of TAC (1S 58.17 ± 1.28%, 2S 46.65 ± 1.20%, 1C 36.54 ± 1.84%, 2C 41.12 ± 2.11%). Cascara showed the presence of polyphenols (2C 49.135 g GAE·kg-1). Coffee co-products are good sources of fiber. Silverskin had higher values of caffeine than cascara. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and arachidic acids were the most represented acids in the samples. Given the obtained results, cascara can be considered "low-fat" (1C 4.240 g·kg-1 and 2C 5.4 g·kg-1). Based on the sensory evaluation, no sample reached the acceptable index value of 70%. Understanding the link between the character, identification properties, and composition of coffee co-products of different botanical origins can enable their application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Poláková
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alica Bobková
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alžbeta Demianová
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Bobko
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Judita Lidiková
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Jurčaga
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ľubomír Belej
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Mesárošová
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Melina Korčok
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Tóth
- Institute of Food Sciences, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Foods Sciences, The Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Computational and experimental analysis on the preferential selectivity of lipases for triglycerides in Licuri oil. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2141-2151. [PMID: 34037849 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we demonstrated the use of molecular docking as an efficient in silico screening tool for lipase-triglyceride interactions. Computational simulations using the crystal structures from Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL), Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL), and pancreatic porcine lipase (PPL) were performed to elucidate the catalytic behavior with the majority triglycerides present in Licuri oil, as follows: caprilyl-dilauryl-glycerol (CyLaLa), capryl-dilauryl-glycerol (CaLaLa), capryl-lauryl-myristoyl-glycerol (CaLaM), and dilauryl-myristoyl-glycerol (LaLaM). The computational simulation results showed that BCL has the potential to preferentially catalyze the major triglycerides present in Licuri oil, demonstrating that CyLaLa, (≈25.75% oil composition) interacts directly with two of the three amino acid residues in its catalytic triad (Ser87 and His286) with the lowest energy (-5.9 kcal/mol), while other triglycerides (CaLaLa, CaLaM, and LaLaM) interact with only one amino acid (His286). In one hard, TLL showed a preference for catalyzing the triglyceride CaLaLa also interacting with His286 residue, but, achieving higher binding energies (-5.3 kcal/mol) than found in BCL (-5.7 kcal/mol). On the other hand, PPL prefers to catalyze only with LaLaM triglyceride by His264 residue interaction. When comparing the computational simulations with the experimental results, it was possible to understand how BCL and TLL display more stable binding with the majority triglycerides present in the Licuri oil, achieving conversions of 50.86 and 49.01%, respectively. These results indicate the production of fatty acid concentrates from Licuri oil with high lauric acid content. Meanwhile, this study also demonstrates the application of molecular docking as an important tool for lipase screening to reach a more sustainable production of fatty acid concentrates from vegetable oils.
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