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Ansari SJ, Kundu S, Mogurampelly S. Molecular dynamics simulations of the effect of starch on transport of water and ions through graphene nanopores. J Mol Model 2024; 30:125. [PMID: 38581581 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT We use molecular dynamics simulations to unravel the molecular level mechanisms underlying the structure and dynamics of water and ions flowing through nanoporous starch-graphene membranes. Our findings indicate that there is a significant tendency for the formation of short-range order in close proximity to the graphene membrane surface. This leads to a greater concentration of water and ions, suggesting strong interactions between the membrane and the saltwater solution. Furthermore, we found that the starch-graphene membrane was most efficient in sieving out ions when the starch loading is 15 wt.%, and the pore diameter is 14 Å. At these conditions, the starch-graphene membrane showed a high water transport rate and maintained a high level of ion rejection. METHODS We investigated the effect of loading of starch and the pore diameter on the pressure-induced transport, structure, and dynamics of Na+, Cl-, and water using the GROMACS 2021.4 package. We further analyze the density profiles of water and ions in the context of ion-polymer and water-polymer interactions and provide mechanistic insights into the piston-induced flow of saltwater through the starch-graphene membranes using Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD) software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleman Jalilahmad Ansari
- Polymer Electrolytes and Materials Group (PEMG), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, 342030, India
| | - Souhitya Kundu
- Polymer Electrolytes and Materials Group (PEMG), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, 342030, India
| | - Santosh Mogurampelly
- Polymer Electrolytes and Materials Group (PEMG), Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, 342030, India.
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Abdul Rahman N, Jose Jol C, Albania Linus A, Wan Borhan WWS, Abdul Jalal NS, Baharudin N, Samsul SNA, Abdul Mutalip N, Jitai AA, Abang Abdul Hamid DFA. Continuous electrocoagulation treatment system for partial desalination of tropical brackish peat water in Sarawak coastal peatlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163517. [PMID: 37068674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sarawak coastal peatlands located on Borneo Island have vast availability of brackish peat water sources especially in some coastal rural areas. However, brackish peat water is currently underutilized as the source for water treatment plants due to excessive salinity levels. As such, this study aims to investigate the salinity reduction in brackish peat water sources for domestic consumption in Sarawak coastal peatlands by utilizing continuous electrocoagulation treatment with aluminium electrodes. Correspondingly, this study analyzes the effects of salinity percentage, electric current, and flow rate on salinity reduction with electrocoagulation treatment. This study has found that the treated salinity levels in brackish peat water with 30 % of salinity percentage meet the Malaysia Class I in National Water Quality Standard. The study has also identified both monolayer and multilayer adsorption that occurs in electrocoagulation treatment as the precursor to salinity reduction. In addition, the presence of in-situ aluminium hydroxide coagulants could adsorb some sodium chloride from brackish peat water with 70 % of salinity percentage at 2503 mg/g of maximum adsorption capacity and 2.65 min-1 of adsorption rate. This study has also found that electrocoagulation treatment could achieve 91.78 % of maximum salinity reduction efficiency at an optimum electric current of 5 A and flow rate of 1.2 L/min in brackish peat water with 30 % of salinity percentage. This treatment system costs only Ringgit Malaysia (RM) 0.29 or United States Dollars (USD) 0.06 per meter cubic of treated brackish peat water. Overall, this study demonstrates that continuous electrocoagulation treatment could partially desalinate brackish peat water with 30 % of salinity percentage in which the treated salinity levels could be utilized for domestic consumption in Sarawak coastal peatlands at reasonable cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeri Abdul Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Calvin Jose Jol
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Allene Albania Linus
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Wafi Shahanney Wan Borhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahida Abdul Jalal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nooranisha Baharudin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shaleen Nur Ain Samsul
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nurshazatul'aini Abdul Mutalip
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Airul Azhar Jitai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Fadhilatul Aisyah Abang Abdul Hamid
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Devaisy S, Kandasamy J, Nguyen TV, Ratnaweera H, Vigneswaran S. Membranes in Water Reclamation: Treatment, Reuse and Concentrate Management. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:605. [PMID: 37367809 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this article, an extensive examination is provided on the possible uses of membranes and hybrid processes in wastewater treatment. While membrane technologies face certain constraints, such as membrane fouling and scaling, the incomplete elimination of emerging contaminants, elevated expenses, energy usage, and brine disposal, there are approaches that can address these challenges. Methods such as pretreating the feed water, utilizing hybrid membrane systems and hybrid dual-membrane systems, and employing other innovative membrane-based treatment techniques can enhance the efficacy of membrane processes and advance sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanyah Devaisy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2127, Australia
- Department of Bio-Science, Faculty of Applied Science, University of Vavuniya, Vavuniya 43 000, Sri Lanka
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2127, Australia
| | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2127, Australia
| | - Harsha Ratnaweera
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2127, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway
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Elma M, Bilad MR, Pratiwi AE, Rahma A, Asyyaifi ZL, Hairullah H, Syauqiah I, Arifin YF, Lestari RA. Long-Term Performance and Stability of Interlayer-Free Mesoporous Silica Membranes for Wetland Saline Water Pervaporation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050895. [PMID: 35267717 PMCID: PMC8912799 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wetland water is an alternative water resource around wetland areas. However, it is typically saline due to seawater intrusion and contains high natural organic matter (NOM) that is challenging to treat. This study evaluated the stability of interlayer-free mesoporous silica matrix membranes employing a dual acid–base catalyzed sol–gel process for treatment of saline wetland water. The silica sols were prepared under a low silanol concentration, dip-coated in 4 layers, and calcined using the rapid thermal processing method. The membrane performance was initially evaluated through pervaporation under various temperatures (25–60 °C) using various feeds. Next, the long-term stability (up to 400 h) of wetland saline water desalination was evaluated. Results show that the water flux increased at higher temperatures up to 6.9 and 6.5 kg·m−2·h−1 at the highest temperature of 60 °C for the seawater and the wetland saline water feeds, respectively. The long-term stability demonstrated a stable performance without flux and rejection decline up to 170 h operation, beyond which slow declines in water flux and rejection were observed due to fouling by NOM and membrane wetting. The overall findings suggest that an interlayer-free mesoporous silica membrane offers excellent performance and high salt rejection (80–99%) for wetland saline water treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthia Elma
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (I.S.); (R.A.L.)
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Muhammad Roil Bilad
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
- Correspondence: (M.E.); (M.R.B.)
| | - Amalia Enggar Pratiwi
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Aulia Rahma
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
- Environmental Science Doctoral and Postgraduate Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin 70123, Indonesia
| | - Zaini Lambri Asyyaifi
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Hairullah Hairullah
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Isna Syauqiah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (I.S.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Yulian Firmana Arifin
- Professional Engineer Education Study Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia;
- Civil Engineering Study Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia
| | - Riani Ayu Lestari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (I.S.); (R.A.L.)
- Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG), Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, Indonesia; (A.E.P.); (A.R.); (Z.L.A.); (H.H.)
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Combination of Coagulation, Adsorption, and Ultrafiltration Processes for Organic Matter Removal from Peat Water. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The high content of natural organic matter (NOM) is one of the challenging characteristics of peat water. It is also highly contaminated and contributes to some water-borne diseases. Before being used for potable purposes, peat water must undergo a series of treatments, particularly for NOM removal. This study investigated the effect of coagulation using aluminum sulfate coagulant and adsorption using powdered activated carbon (PAC) as a pretreatment of ultrafiltration (UF) for removal of NOM from actual peat water. After preparation and characterization of polysulfone (Psf)-based membrane, the system’s performance was evaluated using actual peat water, particularly on NOM removal and the UF performances. The coagulation and adsorption tests were done under variable dosings. Results show that pretreatment through coagulation–adsorption successfully removed most of the NOM. As such, the UF fouling propensity of the pretreated peat water was substantially lowered. The optimum aluminum sulfate dosing of 175 mg/L as the first pretreatment stage removed up to 75–78% NOM. Further treatment using the PAC-based adsorption process further increased 92–96% NOM removals at an optimum PAC dosing of 120 mg/L. The final UF-PSf treatment reached NOM removals of 95% with high filtration fluxes of up to 92.4 L/(m2.h). The combination of three treatment stages showed enhanced UF performance thanks to partial pre-removal of NOM that otherwise might cause severe membrane fouling.
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