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Hackenhaar CR, Spolidoro LS, Flores EEE, Klein MP, Hertz PF. Batch synthesis of galactooligosaccharides from co-products of milk processing using immobilized β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. State-of-the-art strategies and applied perspectives of enzyme biocatalysis in food sector - current status and future trends. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60:2052-2066. [PMID: 31210055 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1627284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the recent progress in biotechnology, a wide variety of novel enzymes with unique physicochemical properties and diverse applications has been introduced, and new application list continues to extend in the future. Enzymes obtained from microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeast are widely applied in numerous food formulations for intensifying their texture and taste. Owing to several desirable characteristics such as easy, cost-efficient and stable production, microbial-derived enzymes are preferred source in contrast to animals or plants. Enzymatic processes have a considerable impact in controlling the characteristics such as (1) physiochemical properties, (2) rheological functionalities, (3) facile process as compared to the chemical-based processing, (4) no or minimal consumption of harsh chemicals, (5) overall cost-effective ratio, (6) sensory and flavor qualities, and (7) intensifying the stability, shelf life and overall quality of the product, etc. in the food industry. Also, enzyme-catalyzed processing has also been designed for new food applications such as extraction of bioactive compounds, nutrient-rich and texture improved foods production, and eliminating food safety hazards. Herein, we reviewed recent applications of food-processing enzymes and highlighted promising technologies to diversify their application range in food industries. Immobilization technology enabled biocatalysts to be used cost-effectively due to reusability with negligible or no activity loss. Integrated progress in novel enzyme discovery, and recombinant DNA technology, as well as protein engineering and bioprocess engineering strategies, are believed to rapidly propagate biocatalysis at industrial-scale food processing or green and sustainable chemical manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
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Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Sustainable bioconversion of food waste into high-value products by immobilized enzymes to meet bio-economy challenges and opportunities - A review. Food Res Int 2019; 123:226-240. [PMID: 31284972 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, food waste has intensified much attention from the local public, national and international organizations as well as a wider household territory due to increasing environmental, social and economic concerns, climate change and scarcity of fossil fuel resources. On one aspect, food-processing waste represents a substantial ecological burden. On the other hand, these waste streams are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, thus hold significant potential for biotransformation into an array of high-value compounds. Indeed, the high sugar, protein, and fat content render food waste streams as attractive feedstocks for enzymatic valorization given the plentiful volumes generated annually. Enzymes as industrial biocatalysts offer unique advantages over traditional chemical processes with regard to eco-sustainability, and process efficiency. Herein, an effort has been made to delineate immobilized enzyme-driven valorization of food waste streams into marketable products such as biofuels, bioactive compounds, biodegradable plastics, prebiotics, sweeteners, rare sugars, surfactants, etc. Current challenges and prospects are also highlighted with respect to the development of industrially adaptable biocatalytic systems to achieve the ultimate objectives of sustainable manufacturing combined with minimum waste generation. Applications-based strategies to enzyme immobilization are imperative to design cost-efficient and sustainable industrially applicable biocatalysts. With a deeper apprehension of support material influences, and analyzing the extreme environment, enzymes might have significant potential in improving the overall sustainability of food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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Transforming food waste: how immobilized enzymes can valorize waste streams into revenue streams. NPJ Sci Food 2018; 2:19. [PMID: 31304269 PMCID: PMC6550151 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-018-0028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Food processing generates byproduct and waste streams rich in lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, which contribute to its negative environmental impact. However, these compounds hold significant economic potential if transformed into revenue streams such as biofuels and ingredients. Indeed, the high protein, sugar, and fat content of many food waste streams makes them ideal feedstocks for enzymatic valorization. Compared to synthetic catalysts, enzymes have higher specificity, lower energy requirement, and improved environmental sustainability in performing chemical transformations, yet their poor stability and recovery limits their performance in their native state. This review article surveys the current state-of-the-art in enzyme stabilization & immobilization technologies, summarizes opportunities in enzyme-catalyzed valorization of waste streams with emphasis on streams rich in mono- and disaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins, and highlights challenges and opportunities in designing commercially translatable immobilized enzyme systems towards the ultimate goals of sustainable food production and reduced food waste.
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Beniwal A, Saini P, Kokkiligadda A, Vij S. Use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles for β-galactosidase immobilization and modulated ethanol production by co-immobilized K. marxianus and S. cerevisiae in deproteinized cheese whey. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Wang J, Liu Z, Zhou Z. Regulation of the catalytic behavior of pullulanases chelated onto nickel (II)-modified magnetic nanoparticles. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 101:9-16. [PMID: 28433193 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chelating of pullulanases onto nickel (II)-modified magnetic nanoparticles results in one-step purification and immobilization of pullulanase, and facilitates the commercial application of pullulanase in industrial scale. To improve the catalytic behavior, especially the operational stability, of the nanocatalyst in consecutive batch reactions, we prepared various iminodiacetic acid-modified magnetic nanoparticles differed in surface polarity and spacer length, on which the His6-tagged pullulanases were chelated via nickel ions, and then studied the correlation between the MNPs surface property and the corresponding catalyst behavior. When pullulanases were chelated onto the surface-modified MNPs, the thermostability of all pullulanase derivatives were lower than that of free counterpart, being not relevant to the protein orientation guided by the locality of the His6-tag, but related to the MNPs basal surface polarity and the grafted spacer length. After chelating of pullulanases onto MNPs, there were changes observed in the pH-activity profile and the apparent Michaelis constant toward pullulan. The changing tendencies were mainly dependent on the His6-tagged pullulanase orientation, and the changing extents were tuned by the spacer length. The reusability of pullulanase immobilized by N-terminal His6-tag was higher than that of pullulanase immobilized by C-terminal His6-tag. Moreover, the reusability of the immobilized pullulanase tested increased till grafting polyether amine-400 as spacer-arm, therefore the N-terminal His6-tagged pullulanase chelating MNPs grafted polyether amine-400 gave the best reusability, which retained 60% of initial activity after 18 consecutive cycles with a total reaction time of 9h. Additionally, the correlation analysis of the catalyst behaviors indicated that the reusability was independent from other catalytic properties such as thermostability and substrate affinity. All the results revealed that the catalyst behavior can be mainly controlled by the His6-tagged pullulanase orientation than by the MNPs surface property which can tune the catalyst function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Faculty of Biology, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Zhongmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhemin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Utilization of Cheese Whey Using Synergistic Immobilization of β-Galactosidase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells in Dual Matrices. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1469-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Estevinho BN, Ramos I, Rocha F. Effect of the pH in the formation of β-galactosidase microparticles produced by a spray-drying process. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:238-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Microencapsulation of β-galactosidase with different biopolymers by a spray-drying process. Food Res Int 2014; 64:134-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Vieira DC, Lima LN, Mendes AA, Adriano WS, Giordano RC, Giordano RL, Tardioli PW. Hydrolysis of lactose in whole milk catalyzed by β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis immobilized on chitosan-based matrix. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Urrutia P, Bernal C, Escobar S, Santa C, Mesa M, Wilson L, Illanes A. Influence of chitosan derivatization on its physicochemical characteristics and its use as enzyme support. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Urrutia
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Sindy Escobar
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Cristiam Santa
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Monica Mesa
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Lorena Wilson
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Andres Illanes
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
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Microencapsulation with chitosan by spray drying for industry applications – A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Lima AF, Cavalcante KF, de Freitas MDFM, Rodrigues THS, Rocha MVP, Gonçalves LRB. Comparative biochemical characterization of soluble and chitosan immobilized β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y1564. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Talbert JN, Hotchkiss JH. Chemical modification of lactase for immobilization on carboxylic acid-functionalized microspheres. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2012.740020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Talbert JN, Goddard JM. Enzymes on material surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 93:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Verma ML, Barrow CJ, Kennedy J, Puri M. Immobilization of β-d-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis on functionalized silicon dioxide nanoparticles: Characterization and lactose hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:432-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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North SH, Lock EH, Cooper CJ, Franek JB, Taitt CR, Walton SG. Plasma-based surface modification of polystyrene microtiter plates for covalent immobilization of biomolecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:2884-2891. [PMID: 20879718 DOI: 10.1021/am100566e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, polymer surfaces have become increasingly popular for biomolecule attachment because of their relatively low cost and desirable bulk physicochemical characteristics. However, the chemical inertness of some polymer surfaces poses an obstacle to more expansive implementation of polymer materials in bioanalytical applications. We describe use of argon plasma to generate reactive hydroxyl moieties at the surface of polystyrene microtiter plates. The plates are then selectively functionalized with silanes and cross-linkers suitable for the covalent immobilization of biomolecules. This plasma-based method for microtiter plate functionalization was evaluated after each step by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle analysis, atomic force microscopy, and bioimmobilization efficacy. We further demonstrate that the plasma treatment followed by silane derivatization supports direct, covalent immobilization of biomolecules on microtiter plates and thus overcomes challenging issues typically associated with simple physisorption. Importantly, biomolecules covalently immobilized onto microtiter plates using this plasma-based method retained functionality and demonstrated attachment efficiency comparable to commercial preactivated microtiter plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella H North
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering and Plasma Physics Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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Puri M, Gupta S, Pahuja P, Kaur A, Kanwar JR, Kennedy JF. Cell Disruption Optimization and Covalent Immobilization of β-D-Galactosidase from Kluyveromyces marxianus YW-1 for Lactose Hydrolysis in Milk. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 160:98-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dräger G, Kiss C, Kunz U, Kirschning A. Enzyme-purification and catalytic transformations in a microstructured PASSflow reactor using a new tyrosine-based Ni-NTA linker system attached to a polyvinylpyrrolidinone-based matrix. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:3657-64. [PMID: 17971995 DOI: 10.1039/b712804e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) attached via a new tyrosine-based linker matrix on monolithic crosslinked poly(vinyl benzyl chloride)/poly(vinylpyrrolidinone) is described. This matrix is incorporated inside a microstructured PASSflow reactor which was used for automatic purification and immobilisation of His(6)-tagged proteins. These could be used as stable and highly active biocatalysts for the synthesis of (R)-benzoin (6), (R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one (7) and 6-O-acetyl-D-glucal (17) in a flow-through mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Dräger
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Zentrum für Biomolekulare Wirkstoffchemie (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1b, Hannover, Germany.
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Goddard J, Talbert J, Hotchkiss J. Covalent Attachment of Lactase to Low-Density Polyethylene Films. J Food Sci 2007; 72:E036-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lopez-Rubio A, Gavara R, Lagaron JM. Bioactive packaging: turning foods into healthier foods through biomaterials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2006.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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