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Esmaeili B, Dubois C, Carreau PJ, Heuzey MC. In Situ Polymerization of PET in the Presence of Pristine and Organo-modified Clays. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work two types of montmorillonite, a pristine and an organo-modified clay (Cloisite 30B), were employed to produce (polyethylene terephthalate)-based nanocomposites via in situ polymerization. Using water as an intermediate medium, a stable dispersion of pristine clay in ethylene glycol was achieved. However, after polymerization, no significant gain was obtained in terms of delamination of silicate platelets. The polycondensation reaction when using Cloisite 30B was carried out at a temperature as low as 250°C in order to retain a considerable portion of the organo-modifier. The results showed that Cloisite 30B was successfully intercalated by the polymer chains, resulting in a d-spacing increase from 1.9 nm to about 3.6 nm. Although some mono and double silicate layers were observed in microscopy images, the major part of the organoclay remained in a tactoid intercalated form. Sampling during the polycondensation reaction revealed that, in this process, clay was first swelled efficiently by the monomer, and this structure was preserved in the early stage of polycondensation. However, the silicate platelets collapsed with time as the polycondensation progressed and larger molecular weight oligomers were formed. An investigation on the type of impeller used in the polymerization process showed that a slight improvement was achieved in terms of aggregate size and distribution when the anchor impeller was replaced by a helical one.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Esmaeili
- Chemical Engineering Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - C. Dubois
- Chemical Engineering Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - P. J. Carreau
- Chemical Engineering Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M.-C. Heuzey
- Chemical Engineering Department, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Yang YK, Yoon SW, Hwang YT, Song BG. New Titanium-Based Catalysts for the Synthesis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.10.3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li S, Auddy K, Barber P, Hansen TJ, Ma J, zur Loye HC, Ploehn HJ. Thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of polyethylene terephthalate-platelet nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization. POLYM ENG SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Herrero M, Martínez-Gallegos S, Labajos F, Rives V. Layered double hydroxide/polyethylene terephthalate nanocomposites. Influence of the intercalated LDH anion and the type of polymerization heating method. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lim SR, Chow W. Impact, thermal, and morphological properties of functionalized rubber toughened-poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen Z, Luo P, Fu Q. Preparation and properties of organo-modifier free PET/MMT nanocomposites via monomer intercalation andin situpolymerization. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Yin M, Li C, Guan G, Zhang D, Xiao Y. Influence of montmorillonite treatment and montmorillonite dispersion state on the crystallization behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/montmorillonite nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yin M, Li C, Guan G, Yuan X, Zhang D, Xiao Y. In-situ synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites using TiO2
/SiO2
sol-intercalated montmorillonite as polycondensation catalyst. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lee S, Hahm W, Kikutani T, Kim B. Effects of clay and POSS nanoparticles on the quiescent and shear-induced crystallization behavior of high molecular weight poly(ethylene terephthalate). POLYM ENG SCI 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zhang Z, Lee JH, Lee SH, Heo SB, Pittman CU. Morphology, thermal stability and rheology of poly(propylene carbonate)/organoclay nanocomposites with different pillaring agents. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chua YC, Wu S, Li L, Lu X. Atomic Force Microscopic Observations on the Crystalline Morphology of Poly(ethylene naphthalate)/Clay Nanocomposites. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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