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Zheng N, Gao L, Long M, Zhang Z, Zhu C, Lv X, Zhou Q, Xia X. Isothermal Compressibility Perturbation as a Protein Design Principle for T1 Lipase Stability-Activity Trade-Off Counteracting. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6681-6690. [PMID: 37083407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Given the widely existing stability-activity trade-off in enzyme evolution, it is still a goal to obtain enzymes embracing both high activity and stability. Herein, we employed an isothermal compressibility (βT) perturbation engineering (ICPE) strategy to comprehensively understand the stability-activity seesaw-like mechanism. The stability and activity of mutants derived from ICPE uncovered a high Pearson correlation (r = 0.93) in a prototypical enzyme T1 lipase. The best variant A186L/L188M/A190Y exhibited a high Tm value up to 78.70 °C, catalytic activity of 474.04 U/mg, and a 73.33% increase in dimethyl sulfoxide resistance compared to the wild type, one of the highest comprehensive performances reported to date. The elastic activation mechanism mediated by conformational change with a ΔβT range of -6.81 × 10-6 to -1.90 × 10-6 bar-1 may account for the balancing of stability and activity to achieve better performing enzymes. The ICPE strategy deepens our understanding of stability-activity trade-off and boosts its applications in enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mengfei Long
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cailin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qingtong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaole Xia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Pulido IY, Prieto E, Pieffet GP, Méndez L, Jiménez-Junca CA. Functional Heterologous Expression of Mature Lipase LipA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSA01 in Escherichia coli SHuffle and BL21 (DE3): Effect of the Expression Host on Thermal Stability and Solvent Tolerance of the Enzyme Produced. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3925. [PMID: 32486240 PMCID: PMC7312249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to express heterologously the lipase LipA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSA01 obtained from palm fruit residues. In previous approaches, LipA was expressed in Escherichia coli fused with its signal peptide and without its disulfide bond, displaying low activity. We cloned the mature LipA with its truncated chaperone Lif in a dual plasmid and overexpressed the enzyme in two E. coli strains: the traditional BL21 (DE3) and the SHuffle® strain, engineered to produce stable cytoplasmic disulfide bonds. We evaluated the effect of the disulfide bond on LipA stability using molecular dynamics. We expressed LipA successfully under isopropyl β-d-1-thio-galactopyranoside (IPTG) and slow autoinducing conditions. The SHuffle LipA showed higher residual activity at 45 °C and a greater hyperactivation after incubation with ethanol than the enzyme produced by E. coli BL21 (DE3). Conversely, the latter was slightly more stable in methanol 50% and 60% (t½: 49.5 min and 9 min) than the SHuffle LipA (t½: 31.5 min and 7.4 min). The molecular dynamics simulations showed that removing the disulfide bond caused some regions of LipA to become less flexible and some others to become more flexible, significantly affecting the closing lid and partially exposing the active site at all times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Yamile Pulido
- Biosciences Doctoral Program, Universidad de La Sabana, km 7 Autopista Norte, Chía 250001, Colombia;
| | - Erlide Prieto
- Agro-industrial Processes Research Group, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Sabana, km 7 Autopista Norte, Chía, Cundinamarca 250001, Colombia; (E.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Gilles Paul Pieffet
- Science Faculty, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Calle 58 A # 37–94 Bogotá D.C.111511, Colombia;
| | - Lina Méndez
- Agro-industrial Processes Research Group, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Sabana, km 7 Autopista Norte, Chía, Cundinamarca 250001, Colombia; (E.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Carlos A. Jiménez-Junca
- Bioprospecting Research Group, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Sabana, km 7 Autopista Norte, Chía, Cundinamarca 250001, Colombia
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Verma ML, Kumar S, Das A, Randhawa JS, Chamundeeswari M. Enzyme Immobilization on Chitin and Chitosan-Based Supports for Biotechnological Applications. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 35 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16538-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Verma ML. Enzymatic Nanobiosensors in the Agricultural and Food Industry. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53112-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sharma S, Kanwar SS, Dogra P, Chauhan GS. Gallic acid-based alkyl esters synthesis in a water-free system by celite-bound lipase ofBacillus licheniformisSCD11501. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:715-23. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivika Sharma
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University; Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005 India
| | - Shamsher S. Kanwar
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University; Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005 India
| | - Priyanka Dogra
- Dept. of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University; Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005 India
| | - Ghanshyam S. Chauhan
- Dept. of Chemistry, Himachal Pradesh University; Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005 India
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Kumar A, Kanwar SS. Synthesis of isopropyl ferulate using silica-immobilized lipase in an organic medium. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:718949. [PMID: 21603272 PMCID: PMC3092610 DOI: 10.4061/2011/718949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immobilization of lipases has proved to be a useful technique for improving an enzyme's activity in organic solvents. In the present study, the performance of a silica-immobilized lipase was evaluated for the synthesis of isopropyl ferulate in DMSO. The biocatalyst was cross-linked onto the matrix with 1% glutaraldehyde. The effects of various parameters, molar ratio of ferulic acid to isopropyl alcohol (25 mM : 100 mM), concentration of biocatalyst (2.5–20 mg/mL), molecular sieves (25–250 mg/mL), and various salt ions, were studied consecutively as a function of percent esterification. Immobilized lipase at 25 mg/mL showed maximum esterification (~84%) of ferulic acid and isopropanol at a molar ratio of 25 mM : 100 mM, respectively, in DMSO at 45°C in 3 h under shaking (150 rpm). To overcome the inhibitory effect of water (a byproduct) if any, in the reaction mixture, molecular sieves (3 Å × 1.5 mm; 100 mg/mL) were added to the reaction mixture to promote the forward reaction. Salt ions like Ca2+, Cd2+, and Fe2+ enhanced the activity of immobilized biocatalyst while a few ions like Co2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Na+ had mild inhibitory effect. Approximately, one third of total decrease in the esterification efficacy was observed after the 5th repetitive cycle of esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005, India
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Verma ML, Azmi W, Kanwar SS. Synthesis of ethyl acetate employing celite-immobilized lipase of Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2009; 56:229-42. [PMID: 19789138 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.56.2009.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of fatty acid esters can be synthesized by esterification and transesterification reactions catalyzed by lipases in non-aqueous systems. In the present study, immobilization of a purified alkaline extra-cellular lipase of Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372 by adsorption on diatomaceous earth (celite) for synthesis of ethyl acetate via transesterification route was investigated. B. cereus lipase was deposited on celite (77% protein binding efficiency) by direct binding from aqueous solution. Immobilized lipase was used to synthesis of ethyl acetate from vinyl acetate and ethanol in n -nonane. Various reaction conditions, such as biocatalyst concentration, substrates concentration, choices of solvents ( n -alkanes), incubation time, temperature, molecular sieves (3A x 1.5 mm), and water activity(a w ), were optimized. The immobilized lipase (25 mg/ml) was used to perform transesterification in n -alkane(s) that resulted in approximately 73.7 mM of ethyl acetate at 55 degrees C in n -nonane under shaking (160 rpm) after 15 h, when vinyl acetate and ethanol were used in a equimolar ratio (100 mM each). Addition of molecular sieves (3A x 1.5 mm) as well as effect of water activity of saturated salt solutions (KI, KCl and KNO 3 ) to the transesterification efficiency has inhibitory effect. Batch operational stability tests indicated that immobilized lipase had retained 50% of its original catalytic activity after four consecutive batches of 15 h each.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
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Verma ML, Kanwar SS. Properties and application of poly(methacrylic acid-co-dodecyl methacrylate-cl-N,N-methylene bisacrylamide) hydrogel immobilizedBacillus cereusMTCC 8372 lipase for the synthesis of geranyl acetate. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Verma ML, Chauhan GS, Kanwar SS. Enzymatic synthesis of isopropyl myristate using immobilized lipase from Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2008; 55:327-42. [PMID: 18800597 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.55.2008.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A purified alkaline thermo-tolerant bacterial lipase from Bacillus cereus MTCC 8372 was immobilized on a Poly (MAc-co-DMA-cl-MBAm) hydrogel. The hydrogel showed approximately 94% binding capacity for lipase. The immobilized lipase (2.36 IU) was used to achieve esterification ofmyristic acid and isopropanol in n-heptane at 65 degrees C under continuous shaking. The myristic acid and isopropanol when used at a concentration of 100 mM each in n-heptane resulted in formation of isopropyl myristate (66.0 +/- 0.3 mM) in 15 h. The reaction temperature below or higher than 65 degrees C markedly reduced the formation of isopropyl myristate. Addition of a molecular sieve (3 A x 1.5 mm) to the reaction mixture drastically reduced the ester formation. The hydrogel bound lipase when repetitively used to perform esterification under optimized conditions resulted in 38.0 +/- 0.2 mM isopropyl myristate after the 3rd cycle of esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer-Hill, Shimla 171 005, India
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Verma ML, Azmi W, Kanwar SS. Microbial lipases: at the interface of aqueous and non-aqueous media. A review. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2008; 55:265-94. [PMID: 18800594 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.55.2008.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, biotechnological applications of microbial lipases in synthesis of many organic molecules have rapidly increased in non-aqueous media. Microbial lipases are the 'working horses' in biocatalysis and have been extensively studied when their exceptionally high stability in non-aqueous media has been discovered. Stability of lipases in organic solvents makes them commercially feasibile in the enzymatic esterification reactions. Their stability is affected by temperature, reaction medium, water concentration and by the biocatalyst's preparation. An optimization process for ester synthesis from pilot scale to industrial scale in the reaction medium is discussed. The water released during the esterification process can be controlled over a wide range and has a profound effect on the activity of the lipases. Approaches to lipase catalysis like protein engineering, directed evolution and metagenome approach were studied. This review reports the recent development in the field ofnon-aqueous microbial lipase catalysis and factors controlling the esterification/transesterification processes in organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer-Hill, Shimla 171 005, India
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