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Zhang T, Lou XY, Li X, Tu X, Han J, Zhao B, Yang YW. Tunable Photochromism of Spirooxazine in the Solid State: A New Design Strategy Based on the Hypochromic Effect. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210551. [PMID: 36579725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an important organic photofunctional material, spirooxazine (SO) usually does not exhibit photochromism in the solid state since the intermolecular π-π stacking impedes photoisomerization. Developing photochromic SO in the solid state is crucial for practical applications but is still full of challenges. Here, a series of spirooxazine derivatives (SO1-SO4) with bulky aromatic substituents at the 4- and 7-positions of the skeleton, which provide them with a large volume with which to undergo solid-state photochromism under mild conditions, is designed and synthesized. All the compounds SO1-SO4 exhibit tunable solid photochromism without ground colors, excellent fatigue resistance, and high thermal stability. Notably, it takes only 15 s for SO4 to reach the saturation of absorption intensity, thought to represent the fastest solid-state photoresponse of spirooxazines. X-ray crystal structures of the intermediate compound SO0 and the products SO1-SO2 as well as computational studies suggest that the bulky aromatic groups can lead to a hypochromic effect, allowing for the photochromism of SO in the solid state. The ideal photochromic properties of these spirooxazines open a new avenue for their applications in UV printing, quick response code, and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Lou
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xi Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Sanchez C, Belleville P, Popall M, Nicole L. Applications of advanced hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials: from laboratory to market. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:696-753. [PMID: 21229132 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 689] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Today cross-cutting approaches, where molecular engineering and clever processing are synergistically coupled, allow the chemist to tailor complex hybrid systems of various shapes with perfect mastery at different size scales, composition, functionality, and morphology. Hybrid materials with organic-inorganic or bio-inorganic character represent not only a new field of basic research but also, via their remarkable new properties and multifunctional nature, hybrids offer prospects for many new applications in extremely diverse fields. The description and discussion of the major applications of hybrid inorganic-organic (or biologic) materials are the major topic of this critical review. Indeed, today the very large set of accessible hybrid materials span a wide spectrum of properties which yield the emergence of innovative industrial applications in various domains such as optics, micro-electronics, transportation, health, energy, housing, and the environment among others (526 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Sanchez
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7574, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot F-75231 cedex 05, Paris, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pardo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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