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Miller DA, Rossati LM, Fritz NK, Cournoyer ME, Granzow HN. Reliability study of an emerging fire suppression system. ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchas.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhan Z, Li B, Xu M, Guo Z. Synergistic effects of nano-silica on aluminum diethylphosphinate/polyamide 66 system for fire retardancy. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008315572493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nano-silica had been used as a synergistic agent for the preparation of aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi) flame retardant polyamide 66 (PA66/AlPi) and PA66/AlPi/nano-silica composites through twin-screw extrusion. The limiting oxygen index (LOI), used to characterize the minimum amount of oxygen needed to sustain a candle-like flame, revealed that the PA66/10%AlPi/1%nano-silica composites exhibited an excellent flame retardant efficiency with a high LOI value of 32.3%. The vertical flame test (UL-94) revealed that the PA66/10%AlPi/1%nano-silica composites passed the V-0 rating without drop melting. Cone calorimeter test revealed that the heat release rate and total heat rate for the PA66/10%AlPi/1%nano-silica composites were significantly decreased by 51.1 and 16.8%, respectively, compared with those of pure PA66. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the PA66/10%AlPi/1%nano-silica composites had vast chars of 8.1% even at 800°C, indicating that nano-silica could promote the char formation of the PA66 composites. Scanning electron microscopy indicated a solid and tough residue of the burned PA66/10%AlPi/1%nano-silica composites as compared with the very loose and brickle residue of the burned pure PA66, indicating that a suitable amount of nano-silica played a synergistic effect in the flame retardancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoshun Zhan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Miaojun Xu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Tennesse, Knoxville, TN, USA
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