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Şenol ZM, El Messaoudi N, Ciğeroglu Z, Miyah Y, Arslanoğlu H, Bağlam N, Kazan-Kaya ES, Kaur P, Georgin J. Removal of food dyes using biological materials via adsorption: A review. Food Chem 2024; 450:139398. [PMID: 38677180 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
It is alarming that synthetic food dyes (FD) are widely used in various industries and that these facilities discharge their wastewater into the environment without treating it. FDs mixed into industrial wastewater pose a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, removing FDs from wastewater is very important. This review explores the burgeoning field of FD removal from wastewater through adsorption using biological materials (BMs). By synthesizing a wealth of research findings, this comprehensive review elucidates the diverse array of BMs employed, ranging from algae and fungi to agricultural residues and microbial biomass. Furthermore, this review investigates challenges in practical applications, such as process optimization and scalability, offering insights into bridging the gap between laboratory successes and real-world implementations. Harnessing the remarkable adsorptive potential of BMs, this review presents a roadmap toward transformative solutions for FD removal, promising cleaner and safer production practices in the food and beverage industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Mine Şenol
- Department of Nutrition and Diet, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey.
| | - Noureddine El Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Zeynep Ciğeroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Usak University, Usak 64300, Turkey
| | - Youssef Miyah
- Laboratory of Materials, Processes, Catalysis, and Environment, Higher School of Technology, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco; Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez/Meknes, Morocco
| | - Hasan Arslanoğlu
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Bağlam
- Department of Nutrition and Diet, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Emine Sena Kazan-Kaya
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Parminder Kaur
- Circular Economy Solutions (KTR), Geological Survey of Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jordana Georgin
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 #55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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Condurache BC, Cojocaru C, Bargan A, Samoila P, Harabagiu V. Dynamic Adsorption of a Cationic Dye onto Wool Fibers as Column-Filling Media: Response Surface Optimization and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Modeling. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:790. [PMID: 38399041 PMCID: PMC10890706 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study reports a simple and low-cost method for water purification using recyclable natural fibers (coarse wool fibers) as column-filling media for adsorption in the dynamic mode. As an instance of a dissolved organic pollutant, a cationic dye (basic blue 9, BB9) was assayed. According to the Langmuir isotherm (recorded at 300 K), the calculated maximum adsorption capacity of the fibrous material was found to be 24.86 mg/g for the retention of BB9. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the design of experiments and the model-based optimization of the adsorption process performed in the dynamic regime (fixed-bed column). The optimal conditions provided by RSM indicated an adsorbent column height of H = 13.5 cm and a feed flow rate of Fv = 3 mL/min; these operating parameters ensured a color removal efficiency of 92.56% after 240 min of contact time. The recorded breakthrough curve under the optimal conditions was further interpolated using five quantitative mathematical models (Adams-Bohart, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, Yan, and Clark) to assess the dynamic behaviors in the fixed-bed column. The best goodness-of-fit was achieved for the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. Thus, the coarse wool fibers used in a fixed bed demonstrated a relevant efficiency in the removal of cationic organic pollutants from contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corneliu Cojocaru
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bargan
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Petrisor Samoila
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Valeria Harabagiu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Abstract
In this study, a special core–shell structured wool-TiO2 (WT) hybrid composite powder also having TiO2 nanoparticles incorporated inside cortical cells was reported. The wool pallets were pulverized from wool fibers using vibration-assisted ball milling technique and the WT powders having mesopores and macropores were produced in hydrothermal process. Experimental results indicated that the infiltrated TiO2 nanoparticles were amorphous structure, while the coated TiO2 nanoparticles were anatase phase structure. The crystallized TiO2 nanoparticles were grafted with wool pallets by the N−Ti4+/S−Ti4+/O−Ti4+ bonds. The BET surface area was measured as 153.5 m2/g and the particle sizes were in the 600–3600 nm and 4000–6500 nm ranges. The main reactive radical species of the WT powders were holes, and •O2−, 1O2, and •OH were also involved in the photodegradation of MB dye under visible light irradiation. The experimental parameters for photodegradation of MB dye solution were optimized as follows: 0.25 g/L of WT powders was added in 40 mL of 3 mg/L MB dye solution containing 50 mL/L H2O2, which resulted in the increases of COD value of degraded MB dye solution up to 916.9 mg/L at 120 min. The WT powders could be used for repeatedly photodegradation of both anionic and cationic dyes.
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Application of Functionalized DVB- co-GMA Polymeric Microspheres in the Enhanced Sorption Process of Hazardous Dyes from Dyeing Baths. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225247. [PMID: 33187111 PMCID: PMC7696988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive development of many industries, including textile, paper, plastic or food, generate huge amounts of wastewaters containing not only toxic dyes but also harmful auxiliaries such as salts, acid, bases, surfactants, oxidants, heavy metal ions. The search for effective pollutant adsorbents is a huge challenge for scientists. Synthesis of divinylbenzene copolymer with glycidyl methacrylate functionalized with triethylenetetramine (DVB-co-GMA-TETA) resin was performed and the obtained microspheres were evaluated as a potential adsorbent for acid dye removal from dyeing effluents. The sorption capacities were equal to 142.4 mg/g for C.I. Acid Green 16 (AG16), 172 mg/g for C.I. Acid Violet 1 (AV1) and 216.3 mg/g for C.I. Acid Red 18 (AR18). Non-linear fitting of the Freundlich isotherm to experimental data was confirmed rather than the Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The kinetic studies revealed that intraparticle diffusion is the rate-limiting step during dye adsorption. Auxiliaries such as Na2SO4 (5–25 g/L), CH3COOH (0.25–1.5 g/L) and anionic surfactant (0.1–0.5 g/L) present in the dyeing baths enhance the dye adsorption by the resin in most cases. Regeneration of DVB-co-GMA-TETA is possible using 1 M NaCl-50% v/v CH3OH.
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