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Ma DX, Li ZQ, Tang K, Gong ZL, Shao JY, Zhong YW. Nylons with Highly-Bright and Ultralong Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4402. [PMID: 38782924 PMCID: PMC11116439 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endowing the widely-used synthetic polymer nylon with high-performance organic room-temperature phosphorescence would produce advanced materials with a great potential for applications in daily life and industry. One key to achieving this goal is to find a suitable organic luminophore that can access the triplet excited state with the aid of the nylon matrix by controlling the matrix-luminophore interaction. Herein we report highly-efficient room-temperature phosphorescence nylons by doping cyano-substituted benzimidazole derivatives into the nylon 6 matrix. These homogeneously doped materials show ultralong phosphorescence lifetimes of up to 1.5 s and high phosphorescence quantum efficiency of up to 48.3% at the same time. The synergistic effect of the homogeneous dopant distribution via hydrogen bonding interaction, the rigid environment of the matrix polymer, and the potential energy transfer between doped luminophores and nylon is important for achieving the high-performance room-temperature phosphorescence, as supported by combined experimental and theoretical results with control compounds and various polymeric matrices. One-dimensional optical fibers are prepared from these doped room-temperature phosphorescence nylons that can transport both blue fluorescent and green afterglow photonic signals across the millimeter distance without significant optical attenuation. The potential applications of these phosphorescent materials in dual information encryption and rewritable recording are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Xue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China.
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Cai P, Zhang H, Huang Y. A facile strategy to achieve
room‐temperature
organic long afterglow from melt processible, new two‐dimensional polyamide doped
γ‐polyamide
6. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.6052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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3
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Expandable Graphite, Aluminum Diethylphospinate and Melamine Polyphosphate as Flame Retarding System in Glass Fiber-Reinforced PA6. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061263. [PMID: 35335591 PMCID: PMC8951083 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A flame retardant system based on expandable graphite (EG), aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPI) and melamine polyphosphate (MPP) was investigated in glass fiber- (GF) reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6). Burning characteristics were evaluated via cone calorimeter, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 tests. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and coupled Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to investigate the decomposition process as well as flame retardant modes of actions. Specifically, in the cone calorimeter tests, formulations containing EG showed excellent flame retardant properties for non-reinforced and reinforced PA6. The best performance was achieved for 25 wt.% glass fiber-reinforced PA6 containing solely 20 wt.% EG, corresponding to a measured pHRR of 134 kW/m2 and a total smoke production of 1.2 m2. Higher glass fiber contents of 45 wt.% (30 vol.%) revealed a lower char volume, which was attributed to both the limited space available for expansion and the sheer-induced reduction in particle size during processing. All of the reinforced PA6 formulations only achieved V2 classifications, but this was at low filling degrees (10 wt.%) for both net EG or EG/AlPi/MPP combinations. For GF-reinforced PA6 containing EG/AlPi/MPP mixtures, a synergistic effect was found to improve the oxygen index up to 30.6%.
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Lv J, Huang L, Ning J, Tian C, Liu Q, Zeng F, Kong W, Cai X. A high dielectric constant copolyamide based on high dipole density. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Surace R, Pagano C, Bellantone V, Gatti S, Castellani L, Vighi M, Stoclet G, Sechi S, Fassi I, Baldi F. Injection vs micro-injection molding of nano-particle filled polyamide 6: Moldability and structuring. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Yamamoto S, Ohnishi E, Sato H, Hoshina H, Ishikawa D, Ozaki Y. Low-Frequency Vibrational Modes of Nylon 6 Studied by Using Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies and Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5368-5376. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b04347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Erika Ohnishi
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Hoshina
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Aramaki-Aoba,
Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Daitaro Ishikawa
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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8
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Dill S, Demicheva M, Fleschutz B, Weinlein R. Influence of Polyhydroxybutyrate Content on the Crystallization Behavior of Polyamide 6‐polyhydroxy‐butyrate Blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201800170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Dill
- Darmstadt Institute of Plastics EngineeringUniversity of Applied SciencesHaardtring 10064295DarmstadtGermany
| | - Mariia Demicheva
- Darmstadt Institute of Plastics EngineeringUniversity of Applied SciencesHaardtring 10064295DarmstadtGermany
| | - Barbara Fleschutz
- Darmstadt Institute of Plastics EngineeringUniversity of Applied SciencesHaardtring 10064295DarmstadtGermany
| | - Roger Weinlein
- Darmstadt Institute of Plastics EngineeringUniversity of Applied SciencesHaardtring 10064295DarmstadtGermany
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9
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Synthesis and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of thermoplastic polyamide‐6 elastomers. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Yang X, Wu Y, Wei K, Fang W, Sun H. Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) Composites. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11112094. [PMID: 30366439 PMCID: PMC6265906 DOI: 10.3390/ma11112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to its excellent chemical and temperature resistances, short glass fiber reinforced poly (ether ether ketone) composite (SGF/PEEK) is a promising material for application in automotive lightweight. Processing conditions, such as cooling rate, need to be well controlled to obtain the optimal crystallite morphology of PEEK composites. Thus, in this paper, the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of SGF/PEEK were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different cooling rates, and the crystallite sizes were evaluated by the X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). Crystallization kinetics models and effective activation energies were evaluated to determine the crystallization parameters of the composites. The results suggest that a lower cooling rate enlarges the size of crystallites and enhances the uniformity of size distribution. The addition of glass fibers improves the nucleation rate owing to heterogeneous nucleation while decreasing the growth rate due to retarded movement of the polymer chain. The combined Avrami-Ozawa equation was shown to describe accurately the non-isothermal crystallization. The absolute value of the crystallization activation energy for SGF/PEEK is lower than that of pure PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Yazhuo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Kai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Wenjun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Haofei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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11
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Tang L, Li Y, Chen Y, Ji P, Wang C, Wang H, Huang Q. Preparation and characterization of graphene reinforced PA6 fiber. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiren Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaosheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
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12
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13
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Low-frequency vibrations of polyamide-6 as a function of temperature and thermal history investigated by terahertz absorption spectroscopy. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Chen L, Chen W, Zhou W, Li J, Liu Y, Qi Z, Li L. In Situmicroscopic infrared imaging study on deformation-induced spatial orientation and phase transition distributions of PA12. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Wei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Weiming Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Jing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Yanping Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Zeming Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Liangbin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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15
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Fereydoon M, Tabatabaei SH, Ajji A. Rheological, crystal structure, barrier, and mechanical properties of PA6 and MXD6 nanocomposite films. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Fereydoon
- CREPEC; Chemical Engineering Department; Ecole Polytechnique; C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Seyed H. Tabatabaei
- CREPEC; Chemical Engineering Department; Ecole Polytechnique; C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Abdellah Ajji
- CREPEC; Chemical Engineering Department; Ecole Polytechnique; C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre ville Montreal Quebec H3C 3A7 Canada
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16
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Suzuki H, Ishii S, Sato H, Yamamoto S, Morisawa Y, Ozaki Y, Uchiyama T, Otani C, Hoshina H. Brill transition of nylon-6 characterized by low-frequency vibration through terahertz absorption spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Beltrán Á, Gómez-Emeterio BP, Marco C, Ellis G, Parellada MD, Díaz-Requejo MM, Corona-Galván S, Pérez PJ. Mild Catalytic Functionalization of Styrene–Butadiene Rubbers. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302120a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Catálisis
Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los
Materiales, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Centro de Investigación
en Química Sostenible (CIQSO), Campus de El Carmen s/n, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-Huelva, Spain
| | - Bella Pilar Gómez-Emeterio
- Laboratorio de Catálisis
Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los
Materiales, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Centro de Investigación
en Química Sostenible (CIQSO), Campus de El Carmen s/n, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-Huelva, Spain
| | - Carlos Marco
- CSIC−Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros,
c/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gary Ellis
- CSIC−Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros,
c/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Parellada
- Dynasol Elastómeros, P° de la Castellana 257, Planta 1a, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Tecnología de Repsol, Ctra. de Extremadura km. 18, 28931 Móstoles,
Spain
| | - M. Mar Díaz-Requejo
- Laboratorio de Catálisis
Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los
Materiales, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Centro de Investigación
en Química Sostenible (CIQSO), Campus de El Carmen s/n, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-Huelva, Spain
| | - Sergio Corona-Galván
- Dynasol Elastómeros, P° de la Castellana 257, Planta 1a, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Tecnología de Repsol, Ctra. de Extremadura km. 18, 28931 Móstoles,
Spain
| | - Pedro J. Pérez
- Laboratorio de Catálisis
Homogénea, Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los
Materiales, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Centro de Investigación
en Química Sostenible (CIQSO), Campus de El Carmen s/n, Universidad de Huelva, 21007-Huelva, Spain
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Zhang X, Fan X, Li H, Yan C. Facile preparation route for graphene oxide reinforced polyamide 6 composites via in situ anionic ring-opening polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm34243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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