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Wu J, Xue W, Yun Z, Liu Q, Sun X. Biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive "smart" interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100998. [PMID: 38390342 PMCID: PMC10882133 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, owing to the ongoing advancements in polymer materials, hydrogels have found increasing applications in the biomedical domain, notably in the realm of stimuli-responsive "smart" hydrogels. Nonetheless, conventional single-network stimuli-responsive "smart" hydrogels frequently exhibit deficiencies, including low mechanical strength, limited biocompatibility, and extended response times. In response, researchers have addressed these challenges by introducing a second network to create stimuli-responsive "smart" Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) hydrogels. The mechanical strength of the material can be significantly improved due to the topological entanglement and physical interactions within the interpenetrating structure. Simultaneously, combining different network structures enhances the biocompatibility and stimulus responsiveness of the gel, endowing it with unique properties such as cell adhesion, conductivity, hemostasis/antioxidation, and color-changing capabilities. This article primarily aims to elucidate the stimulus-inducing factors in stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels, the impact of the gels on cell behaviors and their biomedical application range. Additionally, we also offer an in-depth exposition of their categorization, mechanisms, performance characteristics, and related aspects. This review furnishes a comprehensive assessment and outlook for the advancement of stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels within the biomedical arena. We believe that, as the biomedical field increasingly demands novel materials featuring improved mechanical properties, robust biocompatibility, and heightened stimulus responsiveness, stimuli-responsive "smart" IPN hydrogels will hold substantial promise for wide-ranging applications in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuping Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wu Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhihe Yun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Qinyi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xinzhi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Kotova S, Kostjuk S, Rochev Y, Efremov Y, Frolova A, Timashev P. Phase transition and potential biomedical applications of thermoresponsive compositions based on polysaccharides, proteins and DNA: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126054. [PMID: 37532189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Smart thermoresponsive polymers have long attracted attention as materials of a great potential for biomedical applications, mainly for drug delivery, tissue engineering and wound dressing, with a special interest to injectable hydrogels. Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) is the most important synthetic thermoresponsive polymer due to its physiologically relevant transition temperature. However, the use of unmodified PNIPAM encounters such problems as low biodegradability, low drug loading capacity, slow response to thermal stimuli, and insufficient mechanical robustness. The use of natural polysaccharides and proteins in combinations with PNIPAM, in the form of grafted copolymers, IPNs, microgels and physical mixtures, is aimed at overcoming these drawbacks and creating dual-functional materials with both synthetic and natural polymers' properties. When developing such compositions, special attention should be paid to preserving their key property, thermoresponsiveness. Addition of hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments to PNIPAM is known to affect its transition temperature. This review covers various classes of natural polymers - polysaccharides, fibrous and non-fibrous proteins, DNA - used in combination with PNIPAM for the prospective biomedical purposes, with a focus on their phase transition temperatures and its relation to the natural polymer's structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Kotova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Sergei Kostjuk
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus; Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Yuri Rochev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Yuri Efremov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia Frolova
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russia; N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Zaborniak I, Chmielarz P, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of Riboflavin‐Based Macromolecules through Low ppm ATRP in Aqueous Media. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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Poly (MAH-β-cyclodextrin-co-NIPAAm) hydrogels with drug hosting and thermo/pH-sensitive for controlled drug release. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; Rzeszow University of Technology; Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35-959 Rzeszow Poland
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Chmielarz P. Synthesis of pyridoxine-based eagle-shaped asymmetric star polymers throughseATRP. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Chmielarz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry; Rzeszów University of Technology; Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35-959 Rzeszów Poland
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Haq MA, Su Y, Wang D. Mechanical properties of PNIPAM based hydrogels: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 70:842-855. [PMID: 27770962 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Materials which adjust their properties in response to environmental factors such as temperature, pH and ionic strength are rapidly evolving and known as smart materials. Hydrogels formed by smart polymers have various applications. Among the smart polymers, thermoresponsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) is very important because of its well defined structure and property specially its temperature response is closed to human body and can be finetuned as well. Mechanical properties are critical for the performance of stimuli responsive hydrogels in diverse applications. However, native PNIPAM hydrogels are very fragile and hardly useful for any practical purpose. Intense researches have been done in recent decade to enhance the mechanical features of PNIPAM hydrogel. In this review, several strategies including interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), double network (DN), nanocomposite (NC) and slide ring (SR) hydrogels are discussed in the context of PNIPAM hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Haq
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; Laboratory of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yunlan Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Dujin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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Whittaker JL, Dutta NK, Zannettino A, Choudhury NR. Engineering DN hydrogels from regenerated silk fibroin and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5519-5533. [PMID: 32263350 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01055e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel hydrogels that possess adequate elasticity and toughness to withstand mechanically active environments, along with being biocompatible, remains a significant challenge in the design of materials for tissue engineering applications. In this study, a family of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) based double network (DN) hydrogels were fabricated for the first time using a rapid one-pot method. The DN hydrogels combine the rigid covalently crosslinked RSF with the softer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) through strong physical interactions. The formation of these DN hydrogels resulted in an improvement of the water uptake capacity, elasticity and toughness compared to the individual RSF hydrogel. The elasticity of the RSF/PVCL DN hydrogels was closer to that of native cartilage, which makes them promising materials for cartilage regeneration applications. An in vitro study on adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of a mouse pre-chondrocyte cell line (ATDC5) conducted using microscopic analysis, a cell proliferation assay and RT-PCR confirmed the cells cultured on the less stiff hydrogels demonstrated the most favourable chondrogenic response. Thus, this study demonstrates the potential of RSF-based hybrid hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin L Whittaker
- Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes Campus, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
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Dragan ES, Cocarta AI, Gierszewska M. Designing novel macroporous composite hydrogels based on methacrylic acid copolymers and chitosan and in vitro assessment of lysozyme controlled delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 139:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tansaz S, Boccaccini AR. Biomedical applications of soy protein: A brief overview. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:553-69. [PMID: 26402327 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Soy protein (SP) based materials are gaining increasing interest for biomedical applications because of their tailorable biodegradability, abundance, being relatively inexpensive, exhibiting low immunogenicity, and for being structurally similar to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of tissues. Analysis of the available literature indicates that soy protein can be fabricated into different shapes, being relatively easy to be processed by solvent or melt based techniques. Furthermore soy protein can be blended with other synthetic and natural polymers and with inorganic materials to improve the mechanical properties and the bioactive behavior for several demands. This review discusses succinctly the biomedical applications of SP based materials focusing on processing methods, properties and applications highlighting future avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tansaz
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr.6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr.6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Liu Y, Liang J, Wei S, Liu L, Liao M. Nanoparticles based on β-conglycinin and chitosan: Self-assembly, characterization, and drug delivery. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University; Zhaoqing People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyi Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University; Zhaoqing People's Republic of China
| | - Shoulian Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University; Zhaoqing People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University; Zhaoqing People's Republic of China
| | - Miaochan Liao
- Department of Logistics Management; Zhaoqing University; Zhaoqing People's Republic of China
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12
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pH- and temperature-responsive IPN hydrogels based on soy protein and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium acrylate). J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wu W, Wang D, Lian Y. Controlled release of bovine serum albumin from stimuli-sensitive silk sericin based interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wu
- Jiaxing University; Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Jiaxing University; Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lian
- Jiaxing University; Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
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14
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Xia Y, Wang J, Xu S, Liao Q, Zhu X, Wang Y, Wang Y. Dually stimuli-responsive hyperbranched polyethylenimine with LCST transition based on hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chen AZ, Chen MY, Wang SB, Huang XN, Liu YG, Chen ZX. Poly(L-histidine)-chitosan/alginate complex microcapsule as a novel drug delivery agent. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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