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Paramshetti S, Angolkar M, Al Fatease A, Alshahrani SM, Hani U, Garg A, Ravi G, Osmani RAM. Revolutionizing Drug Delivery and Therapeutics: The Biomedical Applications of Conductive Polymers and Composites-Based Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041204. [PMID: 37111689 PMCID: PMC10145001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The first conductive polymers (CPs) were developed during the 1970s as a unique class of organic substances with properties that are electrically and optically comparable to those of inorganic semiconductors and metals while also exhibiting the desirable traits of conventional polymers. CPs have become a subject of intensive research due to their exceptional qualities, such as high mechanical and optical properties, tunable electrical characteristics, ease of synthesis and fabrication, and higher environmental stability than traditional inorganic materials. Although conducting polymers have several limitations in their pure state, coupling with other materials helps overcome these drawbacks. Owing to the fact that various types of tissues are responsive to stimuli and electrical fields has made these smart biomaterials attractive for a range of medical and biological applications. For various applications, including the delivery of drugs, biosensors, biomedical implants, and tissue engineering, electrical CPs and composites have attracted significant interest in both research and industry. These bimodalities can be programmed to respond to both internal and external stimuli. Additionally, these smart biomaterials have the ability to deliver drugs in various concentrations and at an extensive range. This review briefly discusses the commonly used CPs, composites, and their synthesis processes. Further highlights the importance of these materials in drug delivery along with their applicability in various delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Paramshetti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Mohit Angolkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M Alshahrani
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Bisha University, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ankitha Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Gundawar Ravi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, India
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Tahir M, Vicini S, Sionkowska A. Electrospun Materials Based on Polymer and Biopolymer Blends—A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071654. [PMID: 37050268 PMCID: PMC10096894 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers recent developments and progress in polymer and biopolymer blending and material preparation by electrospinning. Electrospinning is a technique that is used to produce nanofibers to improve the quality of membranes. Electrospun nanofibers are highly applicable in biomedical sciences, supercapacitors, and in water treatment following metal ion adsorption. The key affecting factors of electrospinning have been checked in the literature to obtain optimal conditions of the electrospinning process. Future research directions and outlooks have been suggested to think about innovative ideas for research in this field.
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Kiran Raj G, Singh E, Hani U, Ramesh KVRNS, Talath S, Garg A, Savadatti K, Bhatt T, Madhuchandra K, Osmani RAM. Conductive polymers and composites-based systems: An incipient stride in drug delivery and therapeutics realm. J Control Release 2023; 355:709-729. [PMID: 36805872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel therapies and drug delivery systems (DDS) emphasis on localized, personalized, triggered, and regulated drug administration have heavily implicated electrically responsive DDS. An ideal DDS must deliver drugs to the target region at therapeutically effective concentrations to elicit a pharmacological response, resulting in better prophylaxis of the disease and the treatment. Biodegradable polymers are frequently employed for in-vivo long-term release; however, dose dumping can be anticipated. As a result, current DDSs can be tagged as dubbed "Smart Biomaterials" since they only focus on an on-demand cargo release in response to a trigger or stimulation. These organic materials have been recognized for their metal-like conductivity, as well as their mechanical stability and ease of production. These biomaterials can be programmed to respond to both internal and external stimuli. External pulsed triggers are required for extrinsic stimuli-responsive materials, whereas intrinsic stimuli-responsive materials rely on localized changes in the tissue environment. Furthermore, these materials have the ability to deliver active pharmaceutical agents at a varied concentration levels and across a broad spectrum of action. Drug delivery, biomedical implant technology, biosensor technology, and tissue engineering can be listed as a few prominent applications that have sparked immense interest for conductive polymers-based research and advancements in academia as well as in industry. This review comprehensively covers a cutting-edge collection of electrically conductive polymers and composites, and provide detailed insights of recent trends and advancements allied to conductive polymers for their potential applicability in an array of diverse meadows primarily focusing on drug delivery, biosensing and therapeutics. Furthermore, progressions in their synthesis, structural and functional properties have been presented in conjunction with futuristic directions for the smooth clinical translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kiran Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston TX-77555, United States; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB), Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - K V R N S Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sirajunisa Talath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankitha Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Savadatti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - K Madhuchandra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.
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Selvaras T, Alshamrani SA, Gopal R, Jaganathan SK, Sivalingam S, Kadiman S, Saidin S. Biodegradable and antithrombogenic chitosan/elastin blended polyurethane electrospun membrane for vascular tissue integration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1171-1181. [PMID: 36625453 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Current commercialized vascular membranes to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) such as Dacron and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) have been associated with biodegradable and thrombogenic issues that limit tissue integration. In this study, biodegradable vascular membranes were fabricated in a structure of electrospun nanofibers composed of polyurethane (PU), chitosan (CS) and elastin (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%). The physicochemical properties of the membranes were analyzed, followed by the conduction of several test analyses. The blending of CS and elastin has increased the fiber diameter, pore size and porosity percentage with the appearance of identical chemical groups. The wettability of PU membranes was enhanced up to 39.6%, demonstrating higher degradation following the incorporation of both natural polymers. The PU/CS/elastin electrospun membranes exhibited a controlled release of CS (Higuchi and first-order mechanisms) and elastin (Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas mechanisms). Delayed blood clotting time was observed through both activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and partial thromboplastin time (PT) analyses where significantly delay of 26.8% APTT was recorded on the PU membranes blended with CS and elastin, in comparison with the PU membranes, supporting the membrane's antithrombogenic properties. Besides, these membranes produced a minimum of 2.6 ± 0.1 low hemolytic percentage, projecting its hemocompatibility to be used as vascular membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiviya Selvaras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Somyah Ali Alshamrani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Rathosivan Gopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | | | - Sivakumar Sivalingam
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suhaini Kadiman
- Department of Clinical Research, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syafiqah Saidin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.,IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Institute of Human Centered Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Creative transformation of biomedical polyurethanes: from biostable tubing to biodegradable smart materials. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Surface, structural, and thermal properties of polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethanes and their blends with thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Preparation and characterization of diatomite and hydroxyapatite reinforced porous polyurethane foam biocomposites. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13308. [PMID: 32764640 PMCID: PMC7413266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous three-dimensional (3D) polyurethane-based biocomposites were produced utilizing diatomite and hydroxyapatite as fillers. Diatomite and Hydroxyapatite (HA) were utilized to reinforce the morphological, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyurethane foam (PUF). Diatomite and Hydroxyapatite were added into polyurethane at variable percentages 0, 1, 2, and 5. The mechanical properties of PUF were analyzed by the compression test. According to the compression test results, the compressive strength of the polyurethane foam is highest in the reinforced foam at 1% by weight hydroxyapatite compared to other reinforced PUFs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images presented structural differences on foam by adding fillers. Functional groups of PUF were defined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the thermal behavior of PUF was studied with Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The obtained results revealed that PUF/HA biocomposites indicated higher thermal degradation than PUF/Diatomite biocomposites.
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Navas-Gómez K, Valero MF. Why Polyurethanes Have Been Used in the Manufacture and Design of Cardiovascular Devices: A Systematic Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3250. [PMID: 32707852 PMCID: PMC7435973 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to ascertain why polyurethanes (PUs) have been used in the manufacture and design of cardiovascular devices. A complete database search was performed with PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science as the information sources. The search period ranged from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2019. We recovered 1552 articles in the first stage. After the duplicate selection and extraction procedures, a total of 21 papers were included in the analysis. We concluded that polyurethanes are being applied in medical devices because they have the capability to tolerate contractile forces that originate during the cardiac cycle without undergoing plastic deformation or failure, and the capability to imitate the behaviors of different tissues. Studies have reported that polyurethanes cause severe problems when applied in blood-contacting devices that are implanted for long periods. However, the chemical compositions and surface characteristics of polyurethanes can be modified to improve their mechanical properties, blood compatibility, and endothelial cell adhesion, and to reduce their protein adhesion. These modifications enable the use of polyurethanes in the manufacture and design of cardiovascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel F. Valero
- Energy, Materials and Environment Group, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 140013, Colombia;
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Stefanović IS, Špírková M, Poręba R, Steinhart M, Ostojić S, Tešević V, Pergal MV. Study of the Properties of Urethane–Siloxane Copolymers Based on Poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-b-poly(propylene oxide) Soft Segments. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S. Stefanović
- Institute
of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy (ICTM)—Center of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Špírková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i. (IMC), Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Rafał Poręba
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i. (IMC), Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Steinhart
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, v.v.i. (IMC), Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Sanja Ostojić
- Institute
of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski
Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vele Tešević
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija V. Pergal
- Institute
of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy (ICTM)—Center of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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ÇELEBİ SALTIK B, ÖTEYAKA MÖ. Cardiac patch design: compatibility of nanofiber materials prepared byelectrospinning method with stem cells. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1506-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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11
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Ionic cross‐linking of water‐soluble polyurethane improves protein encapsulation and release. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Kaur G, Adhikari R, Cass P, Bown M, Gunatillake P. Electrically conductive polymers and composites for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper provides a review of the recent advances made in the field of electroactive polymers and composites for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Kaur
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship
- Clayton
- Australia
| | | | - Peter Cass
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Mark Bown
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship
- Clayton
- Australia
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Abstract
Frequent and frequently deliberate release of plastics leads to accumulation of plastic waste in the environment which is an ever increasing ecological threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology
- Govt Degree College Kathua
- Higher Education Department
- India 184104
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- Govt Degree College Kathua
- Higher Education Department
- India 184104
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Kaur G, Adhikari R, Cass P, Bown M, Evans MDM, Vashi AV, Gunatillake P. Graphene/polyurethane composites: fabrication and evaluation of electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and cell viability. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conductive composites of graphene and a siloxane polyurethane (Elast-Eon™) were prepared to explore their potential for use in biomedical applications.
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Xiahou G, Liu W, Yan Z, Su K, Wang H. Synthesis and Properties of Polyurethanes Graft Modified by Long Polydimethylsiloxane Side Chain. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.967087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activity of a novel electroactive and biodegradable polyurethane for cardiac tissue engineering application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 44:24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Ugarte L, Fernández-d'Arlas B, Valea A, González ML, Corcuera M, Eceiza A. Morphology-properties relationship in high-renewable content polyurethanes. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Ugarte
- “Materials + Technologies” Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Polytechnic School; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Pza Europa 1 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - B. Fernández-d'Arlas
- “Materials + Technologies” Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Polytechnic School; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Pza Europa 1 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - A. Valea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Technical Engineering College of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Paseo Rafael Moreno “Pitxitxi” 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
| | - M. L. González
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Technical Engineering College of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Paseo Rafael Moreno “Pitxitxi” 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
| | - M.A. Corcuera
- “Materials + Technologies” Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Polytechnic School; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Pza Europa 1 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - A. Eceiza
- “Materials + Technologies” Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Polytechnic School; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU); Pza Europa 1 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
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Sartori S, Boffito M, Serafini P, Caporale A, Silvestri A, Bernardi E, Sassi MP, Boccafoschi F, Ciardelli G. Synthesis and structure–property relationship of polyester-urethanes and their evaluation for the regeneration of contractile tissues. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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González-Paz RJ, Lligadas G, Ronda JC, Galià M, Ferreira AM, Boccafoschi F, Ciardelli G, Cádiz V. Study on the interaction between gelatin and polyurethanes derived from fatty acids. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:1036-46. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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