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Hu X, Ren N, Wu Y, Jin L, Chen S, Bai Y. Fabrication of high strength and functional GO/PVA/PAN ternary composite fibers by gel spinning. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2022-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber is soft and comfortable, but its poor strength compared to other synthetic fibers has limited it wide range of applications. This study effectively improved the strength of PAN fibers by adding graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) during PAN spinning. The composite fibers were prepared via gel spinning and subsequent hot drawing process. The results show that the PVA molecular chains embedded into the PAN molecular chain significantly improved the mechanical properties of the hybrid fiber. At the same time, the defect reduced the UV resistance and thermal stability of the hybrid fibers only when the PVA molecular was introduced in the PAN. Surprisingly, after the recomposition of GO in the above mixed polymer system, the interaction between the GO and matrix not only improved the mechanical properties of the fiber, but also enhanced the UV resistance and thermal stability. In addition, when the amount of GO was 0.3 wt%, the crystallinity of the GO/PVA/PAN composite fiber reached the maximum and the tensile strength was the highest. This strategic approach suggests an effective method to prepare graphene-based ternary composites fibers with high strength and novel functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjun Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Nan Ren
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Lijun Jin
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Songbo Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Yongxiao Bai
- School of Materials and Energy, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education , Institute of Soft Matter and Advanced Functional Materials, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers: Accelerated Stabilization of Pitch Fibers under Effective Plasma Irradiation-Assisted Modification. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216382. [PMID: 34771907 PMCID: PMC8585363 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization is the most complicated and time-consuming step in the manufacture of carbon fibers (CFs), which is important to prepare CFs with high performance. Accelerated stabilization was successfully demonstrated under effective plasma irradiation-assisted modification (PIM) of mesophase pitch fibers (PFs). The results showed that the PIM treatment could obviously introduce more oxygen-containing groups into PFs, which was remarkably efficient in shortening the stabilization time of PFs with a faster stabilization heating rate, as well as in preparing the corresponding CFs with higher performance. The obtained graphitized fiber (GF-5) from the PF-5 under PIM treatment of 5 min presented a higher tensile strength of 2.21 GPa, a higher tensile modulus of 502 GPa, and a higher thermal conductivity of 920 W/m·K compared to other GFs. Therefore, the accelerated stabilization of PFs by PIM treatment is an efficient strategy for developing low-cost pitch-based CFs with high performance.
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Zhang B, Jia L, Jiang J, Wu S, Xiang T, Zhou S. Biomimetic Microstructured Hydrogels with Thermal-Triggered Switchable Underwater Adhesion and Stable Antiswelling Property. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36574-36586. [PMID: 34304555 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design of hydrogels with switchable adhesion and stable antiswelling property in a wet environment has remained a challenge. Here, we report a biomimetic hydrogel that can adhere and detach on-demand on various material surfaces, which is realized by thermal-triggered switchable shape transformation on hexagonal micropillar patterned hydrogels. The hydrogels are cross-linked by two cross-linkers of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate and 2-ureidoethyl methacrylate, which guarantee the strong mechanical property and stable antiswelling property in a wet environment. The hydrogels can maintain stable water content in solutions with variable pH, temperature, and salt concentration, and the change in volume does not exceed 2%. In addition, due to the dynamical hydrogen bonds and dipole-dipole interaction in the hydrogels, the hydrogels exhibit a thermal-triggered shape-memory effect. The hydrogel can recover shape more than 80% in 15 s. Furthermore, inspired by the surface structure of tree-frog footpads, the hexagonal micropillar patterned hydrogels exhibit improved underwater adhesion strength. The underwater adhesion strength of hexagonal micropillar patterned hydrogels is seven times more than that of flat hydrogels. Based on the shape-memory effect of hydrogels, the adhesion strength can be altered by a thermal stimulus. The adhesion strength of the microstructures recovered from the hydrogel surface decreased to 15.4% of the initial adhesion strength. The switchable underwater adhesion of hydrogels can be applied in the fields of transfer printing, medical adhesives, mobile robots, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lianghao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jinrui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Study on the Changes of Structures and Properties of PAN Fibers during the Cyclic Reaction in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030402. [PMID: 30960385 PMCID: PMC6473386 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal pre-oxidation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers is a time-consuming and energy-consuming step in the production of PAN-based carbon fibers. In this paper, the effect of temperature on the structures and properties of PAN fibers cyclized in the supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) medium was studied. The thermal behaviors of the PAN fibers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The cyclization reaction was sensitive to the heating temperature and gas atmosphere. The FT-IR results of the PAN fibers treated in the Sc-CO2 confirmed that the degree of cyclization increased with the increase of the cyclization temperature. Compared with the PAN fibers treated in the air, the PAN fibers treated in the Sc-CO2 showed a higher degree of cyclization even at the same temperature. These findings might be related to the osmotic action of Sc-CO2 causing the fibers to be further arranged in a regular manner, which was favorable for the cyclization reaction. Moreover, as one kind of high diffusion and high heat transfer media, the heat release during the cyclization of PAN fibers could be quickly removed by Sc-CO2, which achieved the progress of the rapid-entry cyclization reaction.
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Gao Q, Jing M, Wang C, Zhao S, Chen M, Qin J. Preparation of High-Quality Polyacrylonitrile Precursors for Carbon Fibers Through a High Drawing Ratio in the Coagulation Bath During a Dry-Jet Wet Spinning Process. J MACROMOL SCI B 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2018.1548074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Jing
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Chengguo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianjie Qin
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Carbon Fiber Engineering Research Center, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Park S, Kil HS, Choi D, Song SK, Lee S. Rapid stabilization of polyacrylonitrile fibers achieved by plasma-assisted thermal treatment on electron-beam irradiated fibers. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Park S, Yoo SH, Kang HR, Jo SM, Joh HI, Lee S. Comprehensive stabilization mechanism of electron-beam irradiated polyacrylonitrile fibers to shorten the conventional thermal treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27330. [PMID: 27349719 PMCID: PMC4923868 DOI: 10.1038/srep27330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An electron beam was irradiated on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers prior to thermal stabilization. The electron-beam irradiation effectively shortened the thermal stabilization process by one fourth compared with the conventional thermal stabilization process. A comprehensive mechanistic study was conducted regarding this shortening of the thermal stabilization by electron-beam irradiation. Various species of chain radicals were produced in PAN fibers by electron-beam irradiation and existed for a relatively long duration, as observed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Subsequently, these radicals were gradually oxidized to peroxy radicals in the presence of oxygen under storage or heating. We found that these peroxy radicals (CO) enabled such an effective shortcut of thermal stabilization by acting as intermolecular cross-linking and partial aromatization points in the low temperature range (100-130 °C) and as earlier initiation seeds of successive cyclization reactions in the next temperature range (>130-140 °C) of thermal stabilization. Finally, even at a low irradiation dose (200 kGy), followed by a short heat treatment (230 °C for 30 min), the PAN fibers were sufficiently stabilized to produce carbon fibers with tensile strength and modulus of 2.3 and 216 GPa, respectively, after carbonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejoon Park
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwa Yoo
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ri Kang
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Mu Jo
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Ik Joh
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Lee
- Carbon Convergence Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92, Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-905, Republic of Korea
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