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Meisak D, Kinka M, Plyushch A, Macutkevič J, Zarkov A, Schaefer S, Selskis A, Samulionis V, Kuzhir P, Banys J, Fierro V, Celzard A. Piezoelectric Nanogenerators Based On BaTiO 3/PDMS Composites for High-Frequency Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13911-13919. [PMID: 37091415 PMCID: PMC10116497 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of highly flexible and environmentally friendly composites based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) filled with 200 nm size ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) particles at different concentrations (from 7 to 23 vol %) have been fabricated by a simple dispersion method. The dielectric, piezoelectric, and ultrasonic properties have been studied. The ferroelectric state of BTO was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and ultrasonic spectroscopy. The addition of BTO into PDMS strongly affects the dielectric properties of the composites. At low temperatures close to 160 K, the PDMS matrix exhibits a dielectric anomaly related to a dynamic glass transition, which shifts to higher temperatures as the BTO content increases due to the strong interaction between polymer chains and nanoparticles. Ultrasonic measurements demonstrate the appearance of a piezoelectric voltage signal on a thin plate of the composite with the highest available filler concentration (23 vol %) under longitudinal stress applied by a 10 MHz ultrasonic wave. As a result, at room temperature, the detected signal is characterized by output voltage and specific stored energy values of 10 mV and 367.3 MeV/m2, respectively, followed by a further increase with cooling to 35 mV at 150 K. The proposed BTO/PDMS composite system is thus a potential candidate for nanogenerators, namely, a simple, flexible, and lead-free device converting high-frequency (10 MHz) mechanical vibrations into electrical voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Meisak
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
- E-mail:
| | - Martynas Kinka
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
| | - Artyom Plyushch
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
| | - Jan Macutkevič
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
| | - Aleksej Zarkov
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
| | | | - Algirdas Selskis
- Center
for Physical Science and Technology, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | | | - Polina Kuzhir
- Institute
of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Ju̅ras Banys
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
| | - Vanessa Fierro
- CNRS,
IJL, Université de Lorraine, Epinal F-88000, France
| | - Alain Celzard
- CNRS,
IJL, Université de Lorraine, Epinal F-88000, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Jeong S, Skov AL, Daugaard AE. Recycling of dielectric electroactive materials enabled through thermoplastic PDMS. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8449-8457. [PMID: 35424801 PMCID: PMC8984943 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00421f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the green transition, actuators and generators play an essential role in the development of sustainable solutions across a broad range of applications. In this context, dielectric transducers are advocated as one of the most promising solutions in terms of effectiveness, lifetime and running costs. However, they are classically produced as sandwich structures, whereby a cross-linked dielectric material is placed between two compliant electrodes. From a materials consumption viewpoint, this is problematic, since it will inherently result in a loss of material during production as well as inhibit the recycling of expended systems when their life comes to an end. Herein, we present a cleaning method employing surfactants and sonication to remove electrodes from the surface of the dielectric material. By applying a thermoplastic silicone elastomer as the dielectric material, it is possible to reprocess the material by hot-pressing, and to prepare new actuators after the rinsing process. This effectively shows that recycling production scrap, for example, is possible. By comparing the cleaned material with a directly recycled material, it is clear that cleaning removes a critical amount of metals from the material and enables recycling for at least five cycles. Comparatively, a directly recycled material is prone to a high leakage current and premature electronic breakdown after only two cycles. This simple cleaning process, in combination with use of a thermoplastic dielectric material, enables less waste from production as well as the possibility of reclaiming and recycling materials in general. A new recycling method for silver-coated DEAs produced from thermoplastic elastomers. Recycled DEAs retain their dielectric and mechanical properties in five recycling loops in contrast to direct recycling that only permitted a single recycling loop.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghyeon Jeong
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 227, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anne Ladegaard Skov
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 227, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Egede Daugaard
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 227, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Gun'ko VM. Polymer Adsorbents vs. Functionalized Oxides and Carbons: Particulate Morphology and Textural and SurfaceCharacteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1249. [PMID: 33921494 PMCID: PMC8069040 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various methods for morphological, textural, and structural characterization of polymeric, carbon, and oxide adsorbents have been developed and well described. However, there are ways to improve the quantitative information extraction from experimental data for describing complex sorbents and polymer fillers. This could be based not only on probe adsorption and electron microscopies (TEM, SEM) but also on small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), cryoporometry, relaxometry, thermoporometry, quasi-elastic light scattering, Raman and infrared spectroscopies, and other methods. To effectively extract information on complex materials, it is important to use appropriate methods to treat the data with adequate physicomathematical models that accurately describe the dependences of these data on pressure, concentration, temperature, and other parameters, and effective computational programs. It is shown that maximum accurate characterization of complex materials is possible if several complemented methods are used in parallel, e.g., adsorption and SAXS with self-consistent regularization procedures (giving pore size (PSD), pore wall thickness (PWTD) or chord length (CLD), and particle size (PaSD) distribution functions, the specific surface area of open and closed pores, etc.), TEM/SEM images with quantitative treatments (giving the PaSD, PSD, and PWTD functions), as well as cryo- and thermoporometry, relaxometry, X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopies (giving information on the behavior of the materials under different conditions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr M Gun'ko
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Effect of Diatomaceous Biosilica and Talc on the Properties of Dielectric Elastomer Based Composites. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, scientists are still looking for new polymeric materials characterized by improved mechanical, thermal as well as dielectric properties. Moreover, it should be stressed that new composites should be environmentally friendly. For this reason, the aim of this work is to establish the influence of natural fillers in the form of diatomaceous biosilica (B) and talc (T) on the properties of dielectric elastomer (DE)-based composites. The dielectric elastomer-based materials have been tested taking into account their morphology, thermal and mechanical properties. Moreover, the dielectric constant of the obtained materials was evaluated. Obtained results revealed that the presence of both diatomaceous biosilica and talc significantly increases dielectric properties while having no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the obtained composites. It should be stressed that the performed analyses constitute a valuable source of knowledge on the effective modification of the thermal and dielectric properties of newly obtained materials.
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Gun'ko VM, Pakhlov EM, Goncharuk OV, Andriyko LS, Nychiporuk YM, Balakin DY, Sternik D, Derylo-Marczewska A. Nanosilica modified by polydimethylsiloxane depolymerized and chemically bound to nanoparticles or physically bound to unmodified or modified surfaces: Structure and interfacial phenomena. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 529:273-282. [PMID: 29908403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Three polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS200, PDMS1000, and PDMS12500 with numbers showing the viscosity values dependent on the molecular weight) were used for adsorption (14-95 wt% PDMS) onto unmodified and PDMS-modified (16.7 wt% PDMS using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a siloxane bond breaking reagent) nanosilica A-300. The materials were studied using microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermodesorption, calorimetry, ethanol and water/ethanol evaporation, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and quantum chemical methods. The interfacial and temperature behaviors of a PDMS layer at a silica surface depend strongly on the type of bonding to silica particles, molecular weight and content of PDMS. Upon chemical bonding, shorter PDMS200 forms a denser coverage of the silica surface since SBET diminution is larger and residual free silanols are practically absent (the degree of free silanol substitution Θ > 0.95) in contrast to the reactions with PDMS1000/DMC or PDMS12500/DMC providing Θ = 0.60-0.63 at larger SBET values. Upon thermal decomposition of the PDMS layer, oxidation/depolymerization desorption gives a greater contribution than pure depolymerization destruction. An increase in the PDMS adsorption layer thickness leads to enhancement of the depolymerization contribution because the oxidation mainly occurs at the top of the layer, but the depolymerization can occur in the total PDMS layer. The adsorption, desorption, and evaporation processes of low-molecular weight probes at a surface of PDMS-modified nanosilica depend strongly on the type of bonding and content of PDMS. Thus, the most effective hydrophobization of nanosilica by PDMS/DMC could be carried out using the shortest polymer giving the shortest PDMS fragments upon the interaction with DMC that is of interest from a practical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Gun'ko
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kiev, Ukraine.
| | - E M Pakhlov
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - O V Goncharuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - L S Andriyko
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Yu M Nychiporuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - D Yu Balakin
- Institute of Physics, 46 Prospect Nauki, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - D Sternik
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - A Derylo-Marczewska
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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Prateek, Thakur VK, Gupta RK. Recent Progress on Ferroelectric Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and Future Aspects. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4260-317. [PMID: 27040315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric polymer nanocomposites are rapidly emerging as novel materials for a number of advanced engineering applications. In this Review, we present a comprehensive review of the use of ferroelectric polymers, especially PVDF and PVDF-based copolymers/blends as potential components in dielectric nanocomposite materials for high energy density capacitor applications. Various parameters like dielectric constant, dielectric loss, breakdown strength, energy density, and flexibility of the polymer nanocomposites have been thoroughly investigated. Fillers with different shapes have been found to cause significant variation in the physical and electrical properties. Generally, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanofillers with large aspect ratios provide enhanced flexibility versus zero-dimensional fillers. Surface modification of nanomaterials as well as polymers adds flavor to the dielectric properties of the resulting nanocomposites. Nowadays, three-phase nanocomposites with either combination of fillers or polymer matrix help in further improving the dielectric properties as compared to two-phase nanocomposites. Recent research has been focused on altering the dielectric properties of different materials while also maintaining their superior flexibility. Flexible polymer nanocomposites are the best candidates for application in various fields. However, certain challenges still present, which can be solved only by extensive research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University , Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016, India.,DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur 208016, India
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Klonos P, Kyritsis A, Pissis P. Interfacial and confined dynamics of PDMS adsorbed at the interfaces and in the pores of silica–gel: Effects of surface modification and thermal annealing. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Morphology and molecular dynamics investigation of PDMS adsorbed on titania nanoparticles: Effects of polymer molecular weight. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Structure-properties investigations in hydrophilic nanocomposites based on polyurethane/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks and nanofiller densil for biomedical application. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Effects of surface modification and thermal annealing on the interfacial dynamics in core–shell nanocomposites based on silica and adsorbed PDMS. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Klonos P, Sulym I, Kyriakos K, Vangelidis I, Zidropoulos S, Sternik D, Borysenko M, Kyritsis A, Deryło-Marczewska A, Gun'ko V, Pissis P. Interfacial phenomena in core–shell nanocomposites of PDMS adsorbed onto low specific surface area fumed silica nanooxides: Effects of surface modification. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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