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Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment for Enhancement of Delignification Process of Cocoa Pod Husk. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.1.8872.31-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the optimization of microwave-assisted alkaline (MAA) pretreatment is performed to attain the optimal operating parameters for the delignification of cocoa pod husk (CPH). The MAA performance was examined by heating the CPH solid with different particle sizes (60–120 mesh) and NaOH solution with a different sample to a solvent (SS) ratio (0.02–0.05 g/L), for short irradiation time (1–4 min). Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was utilized to optimize the percentage of lignocellulose composition changes. The results show that by enlarging particle size, the content of lignin and cellulose decreased while hemicellulose increased. By prolong irradiation time, the content of lignin and hemicellulose decreased while cellulose elevated. On the other hand, increasing the SS ratio was not significant for hemicellulose content changes. From FTIR and SEM characterization, the MAA drove the removal of lignin and hemicellulose of CPH and increased cellulose slightly. Supported by kinetic study which conducted in this work, it was exhibited that MAA pretreatment technology is an effective delignification method of CPH which can tackle the bottleneck of its commercial biofuel production. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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Lu Y, Shen Y, Zhang S, Li J, Fu Y, Huang A. Enhancement of Removal of VOCs and Odors from Wood by Microwave-Activated Persulfate. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5945-5952. [PMID: 33681632 PMCID: PMC7931435 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since traditional methods for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood consume large amounts of energy and generate environmental pollution, it is desired to develop a convenient and green treatment method. Oxidation by microwave-activated persulfate (MW-PS) is a promising alternative method that has been used to eliminate VOCs from wood. The penetration of microwave energy can destroy the wood pit membranes and increase VOC emissions. The VOCs are further degraded by ·OH and SO4 •-, which are generated via the activation of microwaves. This phenomenon can be detected by the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry. The 35 types of main VOCs of natural wood were determined, including alkanes/terpenes, alcohols/ethers, esters, aldehydes/ketones, and others. In the MW-PS system, 23 compounds were removed with an efficiency of 100%. Specifically, as one of the major compounds, the content of alkanes/terpenes was sharply decreased, and no alcohols/ethers and esters were detected. It was found that the optimal conditions of the MW-PS system for the minimum release of VOCs from wood were the microwave power of 462 W, irradiation time of 30 min, and PS dosage of 0.5 mmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Lu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yulin Shen
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shifeng Zhang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianzhang Li
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuejin Fu
- Research
Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy
of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
| | - Anmin Huang
- Research
Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy
of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Sun B, Zheng X, Yu L, Li J. Integrated microwave and alkaline treatment for the separation between hemicelluloses and cellulose from cellulosic fibers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:859-863. [PMID: 30060423 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microwave was employed during the alkaline treatment process, in order to separate the hemicelluloses and cellulose from a delignified hardwood kraft pulp. In relation to hemicelluloses yield, the integrated microwave and alkaline treatment resulted in 9.25% and 12.05% at 50°C and 80°C, respectively. Correspondingly, the resultant pulp fibers presented the increased cellulose content, which was desirable for manufacturing dissolving pulp. Additionally, the effect from mechanical refining pretreatment followed microwave and alkaline treatment, on the separation of hemicelluloses and cellulose, was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liu
- Faculty of Chemical and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Faculty of Chemical and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Xuefan Zheng
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lingfang Yu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
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Li J, Hu H, Li H, Huang L, Chen L, Ni Y. Kinetics and mechanism of hemicelluloses removal from cellulosic fibers during the cold caustic extraction process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:61-66. [PMID: 28319774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The effective separation of hemicelluloses and cellulose is desirable for the production of high-purity cellulose, which is a sustainable raw material for many value-added applications. For this purpose, the kinetics and mechanism of hemicelluloses removal from the cold caustic extraction (CCE) were investigated in the present study. The hemicelluloses removal process consists of: 1) the bulk phase, characteristic of significant hemicelluloses removal; 2) the transition phase, hemicelluloses transferring from the inner to the outer region of the fiber wall, with negligible overall hemicelluloses removal; 3) the residual phase, presenting a weak but continuing hemicelluloses removal. Furthermore, the enzymatic peeling method was adopted to study the fundamentals of hemicelluloses removal. The results showed that the molecular weight of hemicelluloses is the main parameter governing their diffusion/dissolution processes, and that the low molecular weight hemicelluloses are preferentially removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada; Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Huichao Hu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Hailong Li
- Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Liulian Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada.
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Shen R, Li HQ, Zhang J, Xu J. Effects of Impurities in Alkali-Extracted Xylan on Its Enzymatic Hydrolysis to Produce Xylo-Oligosaccharides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:740-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li H, Qu Y, Yang Y, Chang S, Xu J. Microwave irradiation--A green and efficient way to pretreat biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:34-41. [PMID: 26342787 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As a non-traditional heating way, microwave irradiation (MWI) has long been used for lignocellulose pretreatment with the advent of commercial microwave oven since the 1970s. MWI pretreatment using MWI as heating source is similar to other pretreatment methods. Although MWI pretreatment solves some problems caused by other pretreatment methods, such as low heating rate and thermal efficiency, uneven heating, it brings some new challenges such as reaction vessel selection and pretreatment process design. Over 30 years of development, researchers have achieved good pretreatment performance with MWI which has been applied gradually from laboratory scale to pilot-scale. It should be noted that MWI pretreatment is facing some problems: high cost of pretreatment, short of large-scale equipment, the non-thermal effects in pretreatment is still controversial. If MWI pretreatment reaction mechanism could be further clarified and large-scale industrialized reactor be designed, MWI pretreatment might be widely used in biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshui Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Senlin Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
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Harish B, Uppuluri KB, Anbazhagan V. Synthesis of fibrinolytic active silver nanoparticle using wheat bran xylan as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:104-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Li J, Liu Y, Duan C, Zhang H, Ni Y. Mechanical pretreatment improving hemicelluloses removal from cellulosic fibers during cold caustic extraction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:501-506. [PMID: 26081626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses removal is a prerequisite for the production of high-quality cellulose (also known as dissolving pulp), and further recovery and utilization of hemicelluloses, which can be considered as a typical Integrated Forest Biorefinery concept. In this paper, a process of combined mechanical refining and cold caustic extraction (CCE), which was applied to a softwood sulfite sample, was investigated. The results showed that the hemicelluloses removal efficiency and selectivity were higher for the combined treatment than that for the CCE alone. The combined treatment can thus decrease the alkali concentration (from 8% to 4%) to achieve a similar hemicelluloses removal. The improved results were due to the fact that the mechanical refining resulted in increases in pore volume and diameter, water retention value (WRV) and specific surface area (SSA), all of which can make positive contributions to the hemicelluloses removal in the subsequent CCE process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Yishan Liu
- Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada; Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Chao Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada.
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