Styrene-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer based alkyd resins with a comb-type structural morphology obtained with a high solid content

A Review of Wood Biomass-Based Fatty Acids and Rosin Acids Use in Polymeric Materials

In recent decades, vegetable oils as a potential replacement for petrochemical materials have been extensively studied. Tall oil (crude tall oil, distilled tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, and rosin acids) is a good source to be turned into polymeric materials. Unlike vegetable oils, tall oil is considered as lignocellulosic plant biomass waste and is considered to be the second-generation raw material, thus it is not competing with the food and feed chain. The main purpose of this review article is to identify in what kind of polymeric materials wood biomass-based fatty acids and rosin acids have been applied and their impact on the properties.

Evaluation of Fatty Acid Waste in the Synthesis of Oligo(Ether-Ester)s

In this study, the waste of sunflower oil refinement was converted to a fatty acid glycidyl ester (FAGE). An unsaturated oligo(ether-ester) (OEE) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization using propylene oxide (PO) and FAGE. Oligo(ether-ester) production was achieved with a high yield of 80% at 5 h and 0°C when the mole ratio of PO : FAGE was 1 : 1. Synthesized OEE was characterized by FTIR and several chemical analysis methods. According to the TGA results, T5, T10, and T50 values of OEE-styrene copolymers increased up to a 7 : 3 mole ratio then decreased. The weight losses of these copolymers changed in the range of 3-5%. The data of longitudinal and transversal wave velocities showed that copolymers with styrene had better elastic properties and impact resistances compared to those with pure polystyrene.