1
|
Cao TP, Hang CN, Vu-Quang H, Kabtamu DM, Kumar S, Nguyen VC, Cao XT. Catalyst free synthesis of poly(furfuryl alcohol) using deep eutectic solvent. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05723e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a catalyst free pathway for the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol (FA) into poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) using deep eutectic solvent (DES) system. DES prepared by mixing of choline chloride...
Collapse
|
2
|
Sepperer T, Šket P, Petutschnigg A, Hüsing N. Tannin-Furanic Foams Formed by Mechanical Agitation: Influence of Surfactant and Ingredient Ratios. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3058. [PMID: 34577958 PMCID: PMC8469607 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing demand of alternatives to oil-based lightweight materials, the development of tannin-based foams is getting more and more attention. In this paper, an alternative to traditionally used solvent-evaporation in the production of tannin-foams is presented. Mixing the tannin-furanic resin with different amounts of ionic and non-ionic surfactants at high agitational speed allows for the formation of highly porous, mechanically stable tannin-foams. Investigations on the influence of surfactant type and ingredient ratios on the foaming behavior and properties of the final foams were conducted. Materials obtained via this route do present extraordinary compression resistance (about 0.8 MPa), good thermal insulation (40 mW/m·K) and are suitable as a wastewater treatment agent at the end-of-life. It was shown that during mechanical blowing, homogeneous cross-sections and almost perfectly round pores form, leading to the high compression resistance. Investigations by means of Fourier transform infrared and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy show that the milder reaction environment leads to more linear poly(furfuryl alcohol)-tannin chains. This new type of tannin foam allows for use in various different fields of application ranging from durable building insulation to wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sepperer
- Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria;
- Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, Jakob-Haringer Straße 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Primož Šket
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Alexander Petutschnigg
- Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria;
| | - Nicola Hüsing
- Department Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer Straße 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bertoldo Menezes D, Reyer A, Benisek A, Dachs E, Pruner C, Musso M. Raman spectroscopic insights into the glass transition of poly(methyl methacrylate). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1649-1665. [PMID: 33411861 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05627h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a very versatile polymer which is used as a glass substitute or as an economical alternative to polycarbonate for many types of important applications, due to its particular physical properties. In this study we deal with the Raman spectroscopic characterization of the glass transition of PMMA, the value of the glass transition temperature being generally a decisive parameter for determining the application of polymers. The information obtained by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) analysis and perturbation-correlation moving-windows spectroscopy (PCMW2D) analysis of the temperature dependent depolarized Raman spectra enabled us to recognize that the glass transition of PMMA is ruled by intermolecular interactions which influence the vibrational modes of the molecular groups associated with ν(C[double bond, length as m-dash]O), δa(C-H) of α-CH3 and/or O-CH3, ν(C-O-C), ν(C-COO), and ν(C-C-O). This information was employed for the temperature dependent study of the Raman shift and of the full width at half maximum of the Raman peaks obtained through anisotropic and isotropic Raman spectra, of the depolarization ratio, of the Raman spectroscopic noncoincidence effect, and of the Raman peak intensities represented by Arrhenius-type plots, all results supporting the outcomes of this work. The comparison with results obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and with published results in molecular dynamics studies was also part of this work. As the main result, one can highlight the peak associated with the ν(C-O-C) stretching mode at around 812 cm-1 as the one which presents the better outcome for explaining the glass transition from the molecular point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bertoldo Menezes
- Federal Institute of Triângulo Mineiro, 1020, 38400-970, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Reyer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Benisek
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - E Dachs
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Pruner
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Musso
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|