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Rahaman MH, Islam MR, Islam R, Alam SMN, Rahman MS, Rahman MA, Begum BA. Preparation, characterization, and adsorption kinetics of graphene oxide/chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose composites for the removal of environmentally relevant toxic metals. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128357. [PMID: 38035970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This study attempted to develop a low-cost and eco-friendly bio-based composite adsorbent that is highly efficient in capturing potential toxic metals. The bio-composite adsorbent was prepared using graphene oxide (GO), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CS); and characterized using FTIR, SEM-EDX and WAXD techniques. Metal-ion concentration in an aqueous solution was measured by ICP-OES. This article reveals that the adsorption of heavy metal ions varied according to the adsorbent quantity, initial metal concentration, pH, and interaction time. The metal ions' adsorption capacity (mg/g) was observed to increase when the interaction time and metal concentration increased. Conversely, metal ions adsorption was decreased with an increase in adsorbent dosages. The effect of pH on metal ions' adsorption was ion-specific. The substantial adsorption by GO/CMC/CS composite for Co2+, CrO42-, Mn2+ and Cd2+, had the respective values of 43.55, 77.70, 57.78, and 91.38 mg/g under acidic conditions. The metal ions experimental data were best fitted with pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetics, and Freundlich isotherm model (except Co2+). The separation factors (RL) value in the present investigation were found between 0 and 1, meaning that the metal ions adsorption onto GO/CS/CMC composite is favorable. The RL and sorption intensity (1/n) values fitted well to the adsorption isotherm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Hafezur Rahaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Rakibul Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Rafiquel Islam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - S M Nur Alam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Safiur Rahman
- Atomic Energy Centre (AECD) Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aminur Rahman
- Department of Public Health Engineering, Zonal Laboratory, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Bilkis A Begum
- Atomic Energy Centre (AECD) Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Mohana AA, Islam MM, Rahman M, Pramanik SK, Haque N, Gao L, Pramanik BK. Generation and consequence of nano/microplastics from medical waste and household plastic during the COVID-19 pandemic. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137014. [PMID: 36328315 PMCID: PMC9619086 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the end of 2019, the world has faced a major crisis because of the outbreak of COVID-19 disease which has created a severe threat to humanity. To control this pandemic, the World Health Organization gave some guidelines like wearing PPE (personal protective equipment) (e.g., face masks, overshoes, gloves), social distancing, hand hygiene and shutting down all modes of public transport services. During this pandemic, plastic products (e.g., household plastics, PPE and sanitizer bottles) have substantially prevented the spread of this virus. Since the outbreak, approximately 1.6 million tons of plastic waste have been generated daily. However, single-use PPE like face masks (N95), surgical masks and hand gloves contain many non-biodegradable plastics materials. These abandoned products have created a huge number of plastic debris which ended up as microplastics (MPs) followed by nanoplastics (NPs) in nature that are hazardous to the eco-system. These MPs and NPs also act as vectors for the various pathogenic contaminants. The goal of this review is to offer an extensive discussion on the formation of NPs and MPs from all of these abandoned plastics and their long-term impact on the environment as well as human health. This review paper also attempts to assess the present global scenario and the main challenge of waste management to reduce the potential NP/MPs pollution to improve the eco-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Amir Mohana
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Md Monjurul Islam
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, South Korea
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sagor Kumar Pramanik
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nawshad Haque
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton South, Melbourne, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Li Gao
- South East Water, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia
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Zhao X, Liu J, Li J, Liang X, Zhou W, Peng S. Strategies and techniques for improving heat resistance and mechanical performances of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biodegradable materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:115-134. [PMID: 35868408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has attracted much attention as a substitute for petroleum-based plastics, but its low heat resistance limits its application range in packaging fields and disposable products. This paper summarizes the structural factors affecting the heat resistance of PLA and systematically summarizes methods to improve its heat resistance. PLA is a semi-crystalline polymer, and crystallinity, crystal size, and other factors are important factors affecting heat resistance. This paper systematically analyzes the means to control the crystallization behavior of PLA, and summarizes the effects of nucleating agents, cross-linking, grafting, and annealing processes on the crystallization behavior and heat resistance of PLA. The effects of PLA molecular chain cross-linking and grafting on the motility of PLA molecular chains and the heat resistance of PLA materials are further discussed from the perspective of PLA molecular chain segment movement. The research work on combining PLA with reinforcements such as high heat-resistant polymer materials, fiber, and nanoparticles to improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of PLA by introducing rigid groups or structures is described in detail. Improving the heat resistance of PLA material is an important strategy to promote the application of biodegradable materials, and has broad research value and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipo Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China.
| | - Jinchao Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xinyu Liang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Weiyi Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Shaoxian Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China.
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Grafting of Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose with Oligo(L-lactic acid) by Polycondensation Reaction. REACTIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions3010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligo(L-lactic acid) (OLLA) was synthesized by ring opening polymerization of L-lactides using stannous octoate (0.03 wt% of lactide). While this served as the initiator, L-lactic acids were the co-initiators at 140 °C for 10 h, wherein L-lactic acids were prepared by hydrolytic degradation of L-lactides at 100 °C for 1 h. The molecular weight or degree of polymerization was controlled with monomer/co-initiator ratio (mol/mol). α-cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were extracted from jute fiber by subsequent treatment with sodium chlorite (Na2ClO2), NaOH and H2SO4. Grafting of OLLA onto α-cellulose and MCC in toluene was carried out using para-toluene sulphonic acid as a catalyst and potassium persulphate (KPS) as an initiator at 130 °C under 380 mm (Hg) pressure for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 h. New properties of α-cellulose and MCC were observed due to the successful grafting onto α-cellulose and MCC. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were conducted in order to confirm grafting of OLLA onto cellulose and MCC. The FTIR analysis results showed there are some new characteristic absorption peaks appeared (1728 to 1732 cm−1) in the spectrum, which confirmed the grafting of OLLA onto α-cellulose and MCC was successful. SEM images of α-cellulose and MCC before and after grafting revealed significant changes in surface morphology. Grafting of MCC could be more effective for further application in comparison to α-cellulose.
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Chabros A, Gawdzik B, Podkościelna B, Goliszek M, Pączkowski P. Composites of Unsaturated Polyester Resins with Microcrystalline Cellulose and Its Derivatives. MATERIALS 2019; 13:ma13010062. [PMID: 31877709 PMCID: PMC6981706 DOI: 10.3390/ma13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The paper investigates the properties of unsaturated polyester resins and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composites. The influence of MCC modification on mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal properties of obtained materials was discussed. In order to reduce the hydrophilic character of the MCC surface, it was subjected to esterification with the methacrylic anhydride. This resulted in hydroxyl groups blocking and, additionally, the introduction of unsaturated bonds into its structure, which could participate in copolymerization with the curing resin. Composites of varying amounts of cellulose as a filler were obtained from modified MCC and unmodified (comparative) MCC. The modification of MCC resulted in obtaining composites characterized by greater flexural strength and strain at break compared with the analogous composites based on the unmodified MCC.
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Lei XX, Lu H, Lu L, Xu HQ, Zhou YG, Zou J. Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactide) by Forming Nanocomposites with an in Situ Ring-Opening Intermediate of Poly(l-lactide) and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9050748. [PMID: 31096704 PMCID: PMC6566323 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of poly(l-lactide) and (3-amino)-propylheptaisobutyl cage silsesquioxane (PLLA-AMPOSS) intermediates were first fabricated using single-arm in situ solution polymerization of LLA monomers and AMPOSS nanoparticles with different contents, 0.02-1.00 mol%. Then, the PLLA-AMPOSS intermediate with 0.5 mol% AMPOSS was selected as a representative and investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Afterwards, it was added into the pure PLLA with different mass fractions. Finally, the thermal behavior, crystallization kinetics, morphological characteristics, and mechanical properties of the obtained PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS nanocomposites were carefully measured and investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile test. After comparing the PLLA-AMPOSS intermediate and PLLA/AMPOSS blend, the results show that the ring-open polymerization of PLLA-AMPOSS intermediate was successful. The results also show that the existence of PLLA-AMPOSS has a strong influence on the crystallization behavior of PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS composites, which can be attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation effect of PLLA-AMPOSS. In addition, it was also found from the tensile test results that the addition of the PLLA-AMPOSS nanofiller improved the tensile strength and strain at break of PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS nanocomposites. All of these results indicate the good nucleating effect of PLLA-AMPOSS and that the AMPOSS disperses well in the PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS nanocomposites. A conclusion can be drawn that the selective nucleating agent and the combined method of in situ ring-opening polymerization and physical blending are feasible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xiu Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Hai-Qing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Materials of Salt Chemical Industry, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China.
| | - Ying-Guo Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
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