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Castro VO, Livi S, Sperling LE, Dos Santos MG, Merlini C. Biodegradable Electrospun Conduit with Aligned Fibers Based on Poly(lactic- co-glycolic Acid) (PLGA)/Carbon Nanotubes and Choline Bitartrate Ionic Liquid. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1536-1546. [PMID: 38346264 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Functionally active aligned fibers are a promising approach to enhance neuro adhesion and guide the extension of neurons for peripheral nerve regeneration. Therefore, the present study developed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-aligned electrospun mats and investigated the synergic effect with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Choline Bitartrate ionic liquid (Bio-IL) on PLGA fibers. Morphology, thermal, and mechanical performances were determined as well as the hydrolytic degradation and the cytotoxicity. Results revealed that electrospun mats are composed of highly aligned fibers, and CNTs were aligned and homogeneously distributed into the fibers. Bio-IL changed thermal transition behavior, reduced glass transition temperature (Tg), and favored crystal phase formation. The mechanical properties increased in the presence of CNTs and slightly decreased in the presence of the Bio-IL. The results demonstrated a decrease in the degradation rate in the presence of CNTs, whereas the use of Bio-IL led to an increase in the degradation rate. Cytotoxicity results showed that all the electrospun mats display metabolic activity above 70%, which demonstrates that they are biocompatible. Moreover, superior biocompatibility was observed for the electrospun containing Bio-IL combined with higher amounts of CNTs, showing a high potential to be used in nerve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Oliveira Castro
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-535, Brazil
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne F-69621 Cédex, France
| | - Sébastien Livi
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne F-69621 Cédex, France
| | - Laura Elena Sperling
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Garrido Dos Santos
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Claudia Merlini
- Materials Engineering Special Coordination, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Blumenau, Santa Catarina 89036-002, Brazil
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Díaz E, Delafuente M, Delafuente S, Ribeiro S, Lanceros-Méndez S. Cytocompatible and biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide-coglycolide)/reduced graphene oxide scaffolds. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:2091-2106. [PMID: 37409477 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2230840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Applications of graphene in regenerative medicine have attracted the increasing attention of numerous research groups due to the specific properties that confers on biomaterials. In this paper, the degradation behavior of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) scaffolds obtained by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and lyophilization was studied in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution, at 37 °C during eight weeks. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of the different samples through the metabolic activity of L929 fibroblast cells was also addressed. Scanning electron microscopy tests show that the addition of rGO particles increases the pore size from 60 to 100 µm as well as their morphological definition. Scaffolds with 0.6 and 1% rGO concentrations lost more mass than those with lower filler content, that is, they degraded more quickly. The results obtained by differential scanning calorimetry indicate that the rGO particles restrict the movement of the macromolecular chain segments due to the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. The electrical conductivity tests show that the addition of rGO leads to a rapid transition from insulating to conductive scaffolds with a percolation value of ≈ 0.5 w/w. All the different PLGA samples with different rGO content up to 1% present no cytotoxic behaviour for L929 fibroblast cells, being therefor suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Díaz
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Metalúrgica y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Portugalete, Spain
- BcMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, (UPV/EHU) Science Park, Leioa, Spain
| | - Marta Delafuente
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Metalúrgica y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Portugalete, Spain
| | - Sara Delafuente
- Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Metalúrgica y Ciencia de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Portugalete, Spain
| | - Sylvie Ribeiro
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- IB-S-Institute for Research and Innovation on Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- LaPMET - Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Farmand M, Jahanpeyma F, Gholaminejad A, Azimzadeh M, Malaei F, Shoaie N. Carbon nanostructures: a comprehensive review of potential applications and toxic effects. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:159. [PMID: 35814038 PMCID: PMC9259781 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that nanotechnology has revolutionized our life since the 1970s when it was first introduced. Nanomaterials have helped us to improve the current products and services we use. Among the different types of nanomaterials, the application of carbon-based nanomaterials in every aspect of our lives has rapidly grown over recent decades. This review discusses recent advances of those applications in distinct categories, including medical, industrial, and environmental applications. The first main section introduces nanomaterials, especially carbon-based nanomaterials. In the first section, we discussed medical applications, including medical biosensors, drug and gene delivery, cell and tissue labeling and imaging, tissue engineering, and the fight against bacterial and fungal infections. The next section discusses industrial applications, including agriculture, plastic, electronic, energy, and food industries. In addition, the environmental applications, including detection of air and water pollutions and removal of environmental pollutants, were vastly reviewed in the last section. In the conclusion section, we discussed challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farmand
- Department of Biology, Tehran University, PO Box: 14155-6619, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jahanpeyma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alieh Gholaminejad
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 73461-81746, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Azimzadeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 89195-999, Yazd, Iran
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 89195-999, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 8916188635, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Malaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Shoaie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
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Geddes L, Themistou E, Burrows JF, Buchanan FJ, Carson L. Evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity and modulation of the inflammatory response by the bioresorbable polymers poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide). Acta Biomater 2021; 134:261-275. [PMID: 34329786 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioresorbable polymers composed of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PDLLGA) and poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLLGA) have become increasingly popular for the preparation of bone substitute constructs. However, there are reports of a delayed inflammatory reaction occurring months or years after implantation. Due to the long polymer degradation times, in vitro tests carried out at physiological temperature, 37°C, tend to assess only the short-term biocompatibility of these materials. The aim of this work is to develop an in vitro protocol that can be used to assess the long-term cytotoxicity of bioresorbable polymers in a time efficient manner. This study used a previously developed and validated accelerated degradation protocol to obtain samples of PDLLGA and PLLGA at increasing levels of degradation. Samples were then applied to standard ISO 10993-5 direct contact cytotoxicity testing and it was found that PDLLGA samples showed increasing levels of cytotoxicity at the later stages of degradation, with PLLGA samples demonstrating significantly less cytotoxic behaviour. Following concern that accumulation of acidic degradation products in a closed multi-well culture environment could overestimate cytotoxicity, we developed and validated a new dynamic flow culture methodology, for testing the cytotoxicity of these degradable materials, by adapting a commercial "organ on a chip" flow culture system, Quasi Vivo®. In addition to cytotoxicity testing, we have carried out profiling of inflammatory cytokines released by cells in response to degraded PDLLGA and PLLGA, and have suggested mechanism by which lactide-based bioresorbable materials could modulate the inflammatory response through the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1). STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bioresorbable materials naturally disintegrate over time when implanted into the body. They are often used to make screws and clips for repair of broken bones. Unfortunately, some patients can react badly to the material, resulting in painful inflammation. Biomaterials scientists are interested in developing materials that are more compatible with the body. However, it is very difficult to predict the long-term compatibility of bioresorbable materials in the lab. In our study, we have developed a method that will allow us to study the effects of the materials as they continue to break down. This will help us understand why the materials may cause inflammation, and will support research into the development of new and improved materials for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Geddes
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Ashby Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Efrosyni Themistou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - James F Burrows
- School of Pharmacy, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Fraser J Buchanan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Ashby Building, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Louise Carson
- School of Pharmacy, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Poly(l-Lactic Acid)-co-poly(Butylene Adipate) New Block Copolymers for the Preparation of Drug-Loaded Long Acting Injectable Microparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070930. [PMID: 34201567 PMCID: PMC8308927 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the use of newly synthesized poly(l-lactic acid)-co-poly(butylene adipate) (PLA/PBAd) block copolymers as microcarriers for the preparation of aripiprazole (ARI)-loaded long acting injectable (LAI) formulations. The effect of various PLA to PBAd ratios (95/5, 90/10, 75/25 and 50/50 w/w) on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the copolymers showed increasing erosion rates by increasing the PBAd content, while cytotoxicity studies revealed non-toxicity for all prepared biomaterials. SEM images showed the formation of well-shaped, spherical MPs with a smooth exterior surface and no particle's agglomeration, while DSC and pXRD data revealed that the presence of PBAd in the copolymers favors the amorphization of ARI. FTIR spectroscopy showed the formation of new ester bonds between the PLA and PBAd parts, while analysis of the MP formulations showed no molecular drug-polyester matrix interactions. In vitro dissolution studies suggested a highly tunable biphasic extended release, for up to 30 days, indicating the potential of the synthesized copolymers to act as promising LAI formulations, which will maintain a continuous therapeutic level for an extended time period. Lastly, several empirical and mechanistic models were also tested, with respect to their ability to fit the experimental release data.
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Zeinali R, del Valle LJ, Torras J, Puiggalí J. Recent Progress on Biodegradable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Prepared by Thermally-Induced Phase Separation (TIPS). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073504. [PMID: 33800709 PMCID: PMC8036748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous biodegradable scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells allowing them to attach, proliferate and guide the formation of new tissues. A variety of techniques have been developed to fabricate tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, among them the most relevant is the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). This technique has been widely used in recent years to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) TE scaffolds. Low production cost, simple experimental procedure and easy processability together with the capability to produce highly porous scaffolds with controllable architecture justify the popularity of TIPS. This paper provides a general overview of the TIPS methodology applied for the preparation of 3D porous TE scaffolds. The recent advances in the fabrication of porous scaffolds through this technique, in terms of technology and material selection, have been reviewed. In addition, how properties can be effectively modified to serve as ideal substrates for specific target cells has been specifically addressed. Additionally, examples are offered with respect to changes of TIPS procedure parameters, the combination of TIPS with other techniques and innovations in polymer or filler selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zeinali
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (J.P.); Tel.: +34-93-401-1620 (R.Z.); +34-93-401-5649 (J.P.)
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
| | - Joan Torras
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.d.V.); (J.T.)
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, c/Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (J.P.); Tel.: +34-93-401-1620 (R.Z.); +34-93-401-5649 (J.P.)
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Haneef INHM, Buys YF, Shaffiar NM, Haris NA, Hamid AMA, Shaharuddin SIS. Mechanical, morphological, thermal properties and hydrolytic degradation behavior of polylactic acid/polypropylene carbonate blends prepared by solvent casting. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Intan Najwa Humaira Mohamed Haneef
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials, Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yose Fachmi Buys
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Norhashimah Mohd Shaffiar
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials, Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nurul Assadiqah Haris
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials, Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak Selangor Malaysia
| | - Abdul Malek Abdul Hamid
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials, Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Imihezri Syed Shaharuddin
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials, Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak Selangor Malaysia
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Pei B, Wang W, Dunne N, Li X. Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Bone Tissue Regeneration and Engineering: Superiority, Concerns, Current Advancements, and Prospects. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1501. [PMID: 31652533 PMCID: PMC6835716 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With advances in bone tissue regeneration and engineering technology, various biomaterials as artificial bone substitutes have been widely developed and innovated for the treatment of bone defects or diseases. However, there are no available natural and synthetic biomaterials replicating the natural bone structure and properties under physiological conditions. The characteristic properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them an ideal candidate for developing innovative biomimetic materials in the bone biomedical field. Indeed, CNT-based materials and their composites possess the promising potential to revolutionize the design and integration of bone scaffolds or implants, as well as drug therapeutic systems. This review summarizes the unique physicochemical and biomedical properties of CNTs as structural biomaterials and reinforcing agents for bone repair as well as provides coverage of recent concerns and advancements in CNT-based materials and composites for bone tissue regeneration and engineering. Moreover, this review discusses the research progress in the design and development of novel CNT-based delivery systems in the field of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Pei
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
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